The document discusses several national health programs in India aimed at controlling communicable diseases, improving sanitation and nutrition, and increasing access to healthcare. It outlines programs targeting malaria, filariasis, kala-azar, Japanese encephalitis, dengue, leprosy, tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases, and disease surveillance. International organizations like WHO and UNICEF provide technical and material support. Nurses play an important role by educating communities, implementing strategies, monitoring programs, and participating in case finding, treatment, and reporting. National health programs are seen as important to improving health outcomes and achieving health goals in communities across India.

1. SUBJECT: COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
NURSING
ASSIGNMENT
ON
NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMME
SUBMITTED TO - SUBMITTED BY-
MRS. MALLIKA ROY MR. DEVESHWAR P. DWIVEDI
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR MSC NSG 1ST
YEAR
R.D. MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF R.D. MEMORIAL COLLEGE OF
NURSING, BHOPAL NURSING,BHOPAL

2. NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
INTRODUCTION:
National health programme which have been launched by the central
government for the control or eradication of communicable diseases,
improvement of environmental sanitation, raising the standard of nutrition,
control of population and improving rural health. Various international agencies
like WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA as also number of foreign agencies like SIDA,
DANIDA, NORAD and USAID have been providing technical and material
assistance in the implementation of these prorammes.
NATIONAL MALARIA ERADICATION PROGRAMME (1958):
• Remarkable success 1958-1965
• But since 1965 upsurge is seen high in malaria.
OBJECTIVES:
• To prevent death due to malaria.
• Reduction in period of sickess.
• Agricultural and industrial production to be maintained by undertaking
intensie antimalarial measures.
• To consolidate the achievements obtained so far.
To attain this modified plan of operation envisages 3 strategies, they are
1. Early case detection and prompt treatment.

3. 2. Vector control by house to house spray in rural areas with annual
parasite incidence 2 and above per 1000 population with appropriate
insecticide and by recurrent antilarval measures in urban areas.
3. Health education and community participation.
The following efforts are mobilized to implement these strategies by.
1. Govt. efforts, people participation, research, training, publicity,
international assistance.
2. Urban malaria scheme was launched in 1981 with the object to reduce or
interrupt transmission of malaria in town through vector control by
antilarval measkures.
NATIONLA FILARIA CONTROL PROGRAMME(1955):
Under NFCP following activities are being undertaken
• Delimitation of the problem in unsurveyed area.
• Control in urban area through recurrent antilarval measures, antiparasitic
measures.
• Control in rural areas through treatment and detection of microfilaria
carriers or persons with disease manifestation on expereimental basis.
• Currently there are 206 control units and 199 filaria clinics functioning in
the endemic area for carrying.
• Antilarval measures which includes weekly spray of approved larvicide and
biological control.
• Source reduction through environmental and water management.

4. • Antiparasitic measures which includes diagnosis and treatment of
microfilaria carriers and cases.
• Information, education and communication for community awareness.
In 1977 a new strategy comprising of mass administration of single dose of
DCC to reduce transmission of filarial.
NATIONAL KALA-AZAR CONTROL PROGRAMME(1991):
Kala-azar is a serious public health problem in Bihar, Jharkhand and west
Bangal. The strategy for kala azar control are:
• Interruption of transmission for reducing vector population by undertaking
indoor residual insecticidal spray twice annually.
• Early diagnosis and complete treatment of kala-azar cases.
• Information, education and communication for community awareness and
community involvement.
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS PREVENTION AND CONTROL:
JE is a zoonotic diseases mainly occurring in pigs and birds and man is an
accidental dead end host to the disease.
Major strategy for prevention and control of Japanese Encephalitis are:
• Early diagnosis and prompt case management.
• Vector control through anticipatory insecticide spray in animal dwelling
and fogging for epidemic containment as well as antilarval operation
whenever feasible.

5. • Information, education, communication for community awareness to
promote early case reporting, personal protection, isolation of host etc.
• Vaccination of high risk population groups. No separate budget for JE.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DENGUE:
Dengue is a viral infection widely prevalent in India. Strategies for prevention
and control of dengue are:
• Surveillance for disease and vector.
• Early diagnosis and prompt case management.
• Vector control through community participation and social mobilization.
• Capacity building.
• There is no separate programme for prevention and control of dengue.
NATIONAL LEPROSY ERADICATION PROGRAMME (1955):
Under the programme, emphasis is given on early detection of cases
through surveys. Contract examination and regular short term multi drug therapy
health education, rehabilitation activities etc.
Various strategies which have been undertaken includes as under:
• Information, education and communication.
• Staff motivation and special project for difficult areas.
• NGO’s participation (WHO, UNICEF)
• Modified leprosy elimination campaign.

6. NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL PROGRAMME(1962) AND
RNTCP(1992):
Objectives:
1. To achieve at least 85% cure rate of infectious TB cases through
administration of DOT
2. To detect at least 70% of estimated cases by augmenting case finding
through quality sputum microscopy.
3. To involve NGO’s for IEC and improved operational research.
The RNTCP strategy comprises 5 components viz.
• Political commitment
• Sputum microscopy as primary tool as diagnosis
• Short courses CT with uninterrupted drug supply.
• Direct observation.
• Accountability.
NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE PROGRAMME FOR COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES (1997-1998):
Under the programme, the surveillance programme is strengthened
through:
• Training of medical and paramedical personnel.

7. • Dissemination of technical information and guidelines.
• Modernization of communication and data processing system.
• Multidisciplinary rapid response teams have been constituted at state and
district levels under the programmes. These teams have been provided
training in surveillance, prevention and control of outbreak.
• All the states and district level epidemiology cells have been procured
computers, fax machines and telephones for data processing and rapid
communication of information.
• Networking between districts, state, regional laboratories and other
specialized institutes of repute in the country besides national level has
been initiated.
DIARROHEAL DISEASE CONTROL PROGRAMME:
Launched in 1980- 85 during 6th
five year plan. ORS programme started in
1986- 87 is being implemented in a phased manner supplies of ORS packets to
the states. Twice a year 150 packets of ORS provided to all subcentres, adequate
nutritional case of the child with diarrhea and proper advice to mothers on
feeding are two important areas of this programme.
ROLE OF NURSES IN NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMMES:
• Nurses must be aware about the national health programmes, their strategy
and implementation.

8. • Nurse should participate actively in such programme while working in
community.
• Nurse must know government department and their activities noting where
and whom advice can be obtained.
• Nurse should study the various government and other forms for reports that
are required weekly, monthly/ quarterly/ yearly from CH department
• Find out and discuss about different social activities and self help project in
the community, their value and effect upon the community.
• In addition the responsibility includes: Case finding, case Holding, Follow
up, referrals, records and education.
• This role or approach in community can be implemented by suing nursing
process. Nurse must be active participant in each and every national health
programme. As he/she is the key person for health team he/she needs to be
alert, attentive and supporter.

9. CONCLUSION
National health programme globally accepted to see change in health
status of community people. To achieve goals towards health such
programmes are helpful to achieve or know about health and disease.
Various international agencies like WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA as also
number of foreign agencies like SIDA, DANIDA, NORAD and USAID
have been providing technical and material assistance in the
implementation of these prorammes.

10. BIBLIOGRAPHY
• Swarnkar Keshav “ The Text Book Of Community Health Nursing”
3rd
edition. Page no.- 838-846,714-723
• K Park “Text Book Of Community Health Nursing”
2nd
edition ,page no.- 279-285
• Kk Gulani “Text Book Of Community Health Nursing”
4th
edition. Page no.- 445-451
• http://www.wikipedia.org/health-programme-india/