This document defines and explains capacitance and capacitors. It discusses that capacitance is the ability of a system to store electric charge, and is measured in Farads. A capacitor is made of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material. The capacitance of a capacitor depends on the plate area, distance between plates, and dielectric material. Capacitors are used to temporarily store electric energy and have various applications in electronics.

1. DR. MAHESWARI JAIKUMAR
maheswarijaikumar2103@gmail.com

2. CAPACITANCE
• Capacitance simply means the
ability of a body to store electric
charge. A common device to do
such task is a capacitor. The SI
unit for capacitance is farad.

3. • Capacitance is the ability of a system
of electrical conductors and
insulators to store electric charge
when a potential difference exists
between the conductors.
• The symbol for capacitance is
C. Capacitance is expressed as a ratio
of the electrical charge stored to the
voltage across the conductors.

5. • The SI unit of capacitance is the
farad (symbol: F), named after the
English physicist Michael Faraday.

7. • Capacitance is the ratio of the
change in electric charge of a
system, to the corresponding
change in its electric potential.
• There are two closely related
notions of capacitance: self
capacitance and mutual
capacitance.

8. • Any object that can be electrically
charged exhibits self capacitance.
• A material with a large self
capacitance holds more electric
charge at a given voltage than one
with low capacitance.

9. • The notion of mutual capacitance is
particularly important for
understanding the operations of
the capacitor, one of the three
elementary linear electronic
components (along
with resistors and inductors).

10. • A 1 farad capacitor, when charged
with 1 coulomb of electrical charge,
has a potential difference of
1 volt between its plates. The
reciprocal of capacitance is
called elastance.

11. HOW DOES THE CAPACITANCE WORK
• A capacitor is made up of two
metallic plates. With a dielectric
material in between the plates.
• When we apply a voltage over the
two plates, an electric field is
created “a capacitor works by
storing energy electrostatically in an
electric field”

12. CREATING CAPACITANCE
• A capacitor is created out of two
metal plates and an insulating
material called a dielectric.
• The metal plates are placed very
close to each other, in parallel, but
the dielectric sits between them to
make sure they don't touch.

15. FACTORS INFLUEINCING
CAPACITANCE
• The capacitance of a capacitor is
affected by the area of the plates,
the distance between the plates,
and the ability of the dielectric to
support electrostatic forces.

16. • Larger plates provide greater
capacity to store electric charge.
Therefore, as the area of the plates
increase, capacitance increases

17. MEASUREMENT OF CAPACITANCE
• Capacitance is measured in units
called farads (abbreviated F).
• The definition of one farad is
deceptively simple. A one-
farad capacitor holds a voltage
across the plates of exactly one volt
when it's charged with exactly one
ampere per second of current.

18. • A capacitance meter is a piece
of electronic test equipment used to
measure capacitance, mainly of
discrete capacitors.
• For most purposes and in most cases
the capacitor must be disconnected
from circuit.

19. • Many DVMs (Digital Volt Meters)
have a capacitance-measuring
function.
• DVM operate by charging and
discharging the capacitor under
test with a known current and
measuring the rate of rise of the
resulting voltage; the slower the
rate of rise, the larger the
capacitance

20. FORMULA OF A CAPACITOR
• The generalised equation for
the capacitance of a parallel
plate capacitor is given as:
• C = ε(A/d) where ε represents the
absolute permittivity of the
dielectric material being used.

21. USE OF CAPACITOR
• A capacitor can store electric energy
when it is connected to its charging
circuit.
• When it is disconnected from its
charging circuit, it can dissipate that
stored energy, so it can be used like a
temporary battery. In car audio
systems, large capacitors store energy
for the amplifier to use on demand.

22. TYPES OF CAPACITOR
• Film capacitors
• Paper capacitor
• Aluminum electrolytic capacitors
• Tantalum electrolytic capacitors

23. IMPORTANCE OF CAPACITOR
• Capacitors have
many important applications.
• They are used, for example, in digital
circuits so that information stored in
large computer memories is not lost
during a momentary electric power
failure; the electric energy stored in
such capacitors maintains the
information during the temporary loss
of power.

24. THANK YOU