The document summarizes India's National Health Policy adopted in 1983 and revised in 2002. The 1983 policy aimed to achieve health for all by 2000 through primary health care services and intersectoral coordination. It addressed issues like medical education, rural/urban imbalance, research, and monitoring progress. The 2002 policy updated targets and financing to further develop infrastructure, workforce, programs, and public-private partnerships to improve healthcare access and outcomes across India.
The document outlines various health and family welfare planning committees constituted by the Government of India from 1946 onwards. It discusses the key recommendations and objectives of committees like the Bhore Committee (1946), Mudaliar Committee (1962), Chadha Committee (1963), Mukherji Committee (1965, 1966), Jungalwalla Committee (1967), Kartar Singh Committee (1973), Shrivastav Committee (1975), and others up to the Krishnan Committee (1992). The committees were aimed at reviewing India's health situation and recommending measures to strengthen primary healthcare, integrate services, and achieve the goal of 'Health for All' by 2000.
The document discusses several national health programs in India aimed at controlling communicable diseases, improving sanitation and nutrition, and increasing access to healthcare. It outlines programs targeting malaria, filariasis, kala-azar, Japanese encephalitis, dengue, leprosy, tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases, and disease surveillance. International organizations like WHO and UNICEF provide technical and material support. Nurses play an important role by educating communities, implementing strategies, monitoring programs, and participating in case finding, treatment, and reporting. National health programs are seen as important to improving health outcomes and achieving health goals in communities across India.
Health care delivery system national and state level pptAnvin Thomas
The health system in India has three main levels - central, state, and local. States have independent systems for healthcare delivery, while the central government is responsible for policymaking, planning, guidance, and coordination. Healthcare administration is divided between central and state ministries. The central government oversees national programs and institutions, while states provide direct services and implement public health programs. Effective constitutional laws and environmental policies are needed to limit pollution and protect public health.
The document outlines India's National Health Policy, which aims to provide health for all citizens by 2000 AD. Key elements of the 1983 policy included creating health awareness, increasing access to clean water and sanitation, and improving rural health infrastructure. However, many factors interfered with progress towards the goal, such as insufficient funding and intersectoral coordination. As a result, a new National Health Policy was introduced in 2001 with updated goals such as reducing mortality from diseases like tuberculosis and malaria by 2010. The WHO is also committed to supporting health for all globally through leadership, standards development, and technical assistance to countries.
The document discusses India's National Health Mission (NHM) which includes the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). NRHM was launched in 2005 to improve rural healthcare by focusing on reducing infant and maternal mortality, increasing access to services, and strengthening infrastructure. Key strategies include deploying Accredited Social Health Activists in each village, constituting health committees, setting standards, flexible financing, and improving management. The goals are to reduce IMR and MMR, and achieve universal access to primary healthcare services.
The document outlines the principles and objectives of India's Minimum Needs Program. It states that facilities under the program should first be provided to underserved areas to reduce disparities, and should be delivered as a package through intersectoral area projects for greater impact. By the end of the eighth five-year plan, the objectives for rural health include establishing one primary health center per 30,000 people in plains or 20,000 in tribal areas, and one sub-center per 5,000 people in plains or 3,000 in tribal areas. The objectives for nutrition are to provide support to 11 million eligible people, expand special nutrition programs to all child development projects, and consolidate and link mid-day meal programs to health, water,
The document outlines the scope of community health nursing, which includes home care, nursing care, maternal and child health/family planning, school health nursing, community health nursing, industrial health nursing, domiciliary nursing services, mental health nursing, rehabilitation services, and geriatric health nursing. It provides brief descriptions of the nursing services provided under each area, such as home visits for assessment, treatment, and health education; care in nursing homes and during antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods; services in schools like immunizations and health screenings; and care of overall community health through primary health centers and clinics.
HEALTH COMMITTEES IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING Astha Patel
The document discusses several health committees constituted by the Government of India:
1) The Bhore Committee of 1943 assessed India's poor health conditions and recommended establishing an integrated rural health services system with primary health centers.
2) The Mudaliar Committee of 1959 evaluated progress since Bhore and found health services remained unsatisfactory. It recommended strengthening primary health centers and district hospitals.
3) Subsequent committees addressed issues like malaria eradication (Chadha), family planning services (Mukherjee), and developing a multipurpose health worker system (Kartar Singh).
Later committees focused on integrating health services (Jungalwalla), developing medical support staff (Shrivast
The document outlines various health and family welfare planning committees constituted by the Government of India from 1946 onwards. It discusses the key recommendations and objectives of committees like the Bhore Committee (1946), Mudaliar Committee (1962), Chadha Committee (1963), Mukherji Committee (1965, 1966), Jungalwalla Committee (1967), Kartar Singh Committee (1973), Shrivastav Committee (1975), and others up to the Krishnan Committee (1992). The committees were aimed at reviewing India's health situation and recommending measures to strengthen primary healthcare, integrate services, and achieve the goal of 'Health for All' by 2000.
The document discusses several national health programs in India aimed at controlling communicable diseases, improving sanitation and nutrition, and increasing access to healthcare. It outlines programs targeting malaria, filariasis, kala-azar, Japanese encephalitis, dengue, leprosy, tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases, and disease surveillance. International organizations like WHO and UNICEF provide technical and material support. Nurses play an important role by educating communities, implementing strategies, monitoring programs, and participating in case finding, treatment, and reporting. National health programs are seen as important to improving health outcomes and achieving health goals in communities across India.
Health care delivery system national and state level pptAnvin Thomas
The health system in India has three main levels - central, state, and local. States have independent systems for healthcare delivery, while the central government is responsible for policymaking, planning, guidance, and coordination. Healthcare administration is divided between central and state ministries. The central government oversees national programs and institutions, while states provide direct services and implement public health programs. Effective constitutional laws and environmental policies are needed to limit pollution and protect public health.
The document outlines India's National Health Policy, which aims to provide health for all citizens by 2000 AD. Key elements of the 1983 policy included creating health awareness, increasing access to clean water and sanitation, and improving rural health infrastructure. However, many factors interfered with progress towards the goal, such as insufficient funding and intersectoral coordination. As a result, a new National Health Policy was introduced in 2001 with updated goals such as reducing mortality from diseases like tuberculosis and malaria by 2010. The WHO is also committed to supporting health for all globally through leadership, standards development, and technical assistance to countries.
The document discusses India's National Health Mission (NHM) which includes the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and National Urban Health Mission (NUHM). NRHM was launched in 2005 to improve rural healthcare by focusing on reducing infant and maternal mortality, increasing access to services, and strengthening infrastructure. Key strategies include deploying Accredited Social Health Activists in each village, constituting health committees, setting standards, flexible financing, and improving management. The goals are to reduce IMR and MMR, and achieve universal access to primary healthcare services.
The document outlines the principles and objectives of India's Minimum Needs Program. It states that facilities under the program should first be provided to underserved areas to reduce disparities, and should be delivered as a package through intersectoral area projects for greater impact. By the end of the eighth five-year plan, the objectives for rural health include establishing one primary health center per 30,000 people in plains or 20,000 in tribal areas, and one sub-center per 5,000 people in plains or 3,000 in tribal areas. The objectives for nutrition are to provide support to 11 million eligible people, expand special nutrition programs to all child development projects, and consolidate and link mid-day meal programs to health, water,
The document outlines the scope of community health nursing, which includes home care, nursing care, maternal and child health/family planning, school health nursing, community health nursing, industrial health nursing, domiciliary nursing services, mental health nursing, rehabilitation services, and geriatric health nursing. It provides brief descriptions of the nursing services provided under each area, such as home visits for assessment, treatment, and health education; care in nursing homes and during antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods; services in schools like immunizations and health screenings; and care of overall community health through primary health centers and clinics.
HEALTH COMMITTEES IN COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING Astha Patel
The document discusses several health committees constituted by the Government of India:
1) The Bhore Committee of 1943 assessed India's poor health conditions and recommended establishing an integrated rural health services system with primary health centers.
2) The Mudaliar Committee of 1959 evaluated progress since Bhore and found health services remained unsatisfactory. It recommended strengthening primary health centers and district hospitals.
3) Subsequent committees addressed issues like malaria eradication (Chadha), family planning services (Mukherjee), and developing a multipurpose health worker system (Kartar Singh).
Later committees focused on integrating health services (Jungalwalla), developing medical support staff (Shrivast
The orderly process defining national Health problems, identifying the unmeet needs, surveying the resources to meet them, and establishing the priority goals to accomplish the purpose of proposed Programme.
This document summarizes several national health programs in India, including: the National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, National Leprosy Eradication Programme, National AIDS Control Programme, and others focused on malaria, filaria, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, dengue, blindness prevention, and reproductive and child health. It provides details on the objectives, strategies, and organization of implementation for many of these public health initiatives.
The document summarizes the organization of health services in India from the central, state, district, and block levels. At the central level, the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare oversees departments that deal with health, family welfare, and Ayush systems. It coordinates with states and oversees national health programs. States have their own health directorates responsible for implementing central policies and programs. Districts are headed by Chief Medical Officers of Health. At the block level, a three-tier structure consists of Community Health Centers, Primary Health Centers, and Sub Centers serving populations of varying sizes.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of District Public Health Nurses (DPHNs) and District Public Health Nursing Officers (DPHNOs) in India. DPHNs and DPHNOs supervise public health nursing and midwifery staff in their district. Their responsibilities include evaluating population health trends, developing public health programs, providing health education and care to vulnerable groups, and supervising other nursing staff. DPHNs and DPHNOs also provide guidance, education and training to nursing students. They work to improve health services and ensure resources are available in their districts.
The document summarizes India's health care delivery system. At the central level, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare oversees various departments and organizations. These include the Central Council of Health, which advises on health policy, and the Director General of Health Services. States have their own health ministries and directorates. Primary health care is delivered through a network of sub-centers, primary health centers (one per 30,000 people in plains), and community health centers. The primary focus is on maternal and child health, immunization, and other basic services.
Launched as recommended by the national health policy 2017
To achieve the vision of universal health coverage (UHC).
This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to "leave no one behind.“
The Bhore Committee was established in 1943 by the Government of India to survey health conditions and organizations in India and make recommendations. It observed that health programs should focus on preventive care alongside treatment. Its key recommendations included integrating preventive and curative services, establishing a three-tiered primary-secondary-tertiary healthcare system, and focusing on diseases like malaria, TB, and communicable diseases. The Bhore Committee report was an important landmark in establishing the concepts of primary healthcare and a comprehensive, integrated health system in India.
The document outlines India's National Health Policy from 2002. It aims to achieve an acceptable standard of health for the Indian population through decentralizing the public health system and ensuring more equitable access to healthcare. Specific objectives include enhancing private sector contribution, prioritizing prevention, rationalizing drug use, and increasing access to traditional medicine. The policy sets goals such as eradicating certain diseases by target years and reducing mortality and morbidity rates. It also recommends increasing health expenditure and personnel norms to improve the healthcare system.
Unit:-2. Health and welfare committeesSMVDCoN ,J&K
Various committees of experts have been appointed by the government from time to time to render advice about different health problems. The reports of these committees have formed an important basis of health planning in India. The goal of National Health Planning in India is to attain Health for all by the year 2000.
The document provides an overview of India's health care delivery system, including its organizational framework at the national, state, district, and local levels. It describes the key components of primary health care in India such as primary health centers (PHCs), sub centers, and community health centers (CHCs). The document also outlines some of India's major health problems including communicable diseases, nutritional issues, and environmental sanitation challenges.
National health and family welfare programs in India aim to improve public health. There are many national health programs that focus on controlling communicable diseases, improving sanitation, and controlling population growth. These programs are implemented through intersectoral coordination between government agencies and non-governmental organizations. National health programs address issues like vector-borne diseases, malaria, filariasis, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, blindness, nutrition deficiencies, and more. Effectiveness of programs relies on factors such as improving service quality, resources, training, and generating public awareness. Non-governmental organizations also play important roles in supporting national health programs through activities like research, education, and community services.
The Bhore Committee report of 1946 laid the foundations for India's public health system. It recommended establishing a three-tier health care system with primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. It emphasized integrating preventive and curative services and ensuring access to medical care regardless of ability to pay. The committee also stressed the importance of community health workers and locating services close to rural populations to maximize health benefits.
The document summarizes India's health care delivery system. It has 3 main levels - central, state, and local/peripheral. At the central level, the key organizations are the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate General of Health Services, and Central Council of Health and Family Welfare. States have significant independence in delivering healthcare. Locally, there are village health workers, subcenters, primary health centers (PHCs), and community health centers (CHCs).
The Reproductive and Child Health Programme was launched in India in 1997 based on recommendations from the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development. The objectives of the program are to improve maternal and child health by reducing infant and maternal mortality rates and promoting population stabilization. Key components include family planning, maternal and child healthcare, prevention and management of reproductive tract infections and HIV/AIDS. The program was implemented in two phases, with the second phase from 2005-2009 aiming to expand services and improve quality, coverage, and management.
The document summarizes India's national health policies from 1978 onwards. It discusses the key goals and principles of the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care, including health as a fundamental right and reducing inequality. It outlines India's 1983 National Health Policy which aimed to provide primary health care and integrate related sectors. While some goals were achieved by 2000, many were not, prompting the 2002 National Health Policy to revise strategies and accelerate public health goals.
This document discusses various concepts related to epidemiology and epidemiological study designs. It defines epidemiology and its phases. It discusses observational and experimental study designs including descriptive studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, randomized control trials and field trials. It explains key epidemiological terms like target population, sampling, and probability and non-probability sampling techniques.
The document summarizes the state of public health in India before the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). There were large health gaps and crises in rural areas, including malnutrition, maternal and infant deaths, and inadequate water supply. NRHM was launched in 2005 to improve rural health systems by making them more accessible, affordable, accountable, and equitable. It focused on increasing access to primary healthcare and reducing child and maternal mortality rates.
The document outlines the infrastructure, staffing, services, and equipment requirements for Indian community health centres. Key requirements include:
- 30 indoor beds, an operation theatre, labour room, X-ray and laboratory facilities.
- Staff including doctors, nurses, paramedical staff, and administrative staff totaling 46-52 people.
- Services such as OPD clinics, routine and emergency surgery/medicine care, maternal and child health services, family planning, and national health programs.
- Diagnostic services, equipment, drugs, and transportation for referrals.
India faces several major health issues that affect its entire population. Communicable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory infections, leprosy, and filariasis remain significant problems. Non-communicable diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes are also increasing. Nutritional deficiencies including anemia, low birth weight, and iodine deficiency disorders are widespread public health issues. Environmental sanitation problems related to water supply and waste disposal are compounded by rapid urbanization and industrialization. There is an inequitable distribution of healthcare resources between urban and rural areas. Population growth further exacerbates these health challenges.
The document summarizes the key points of India's National Health Policy of 2017. The policy aims to improve health access, quality and affordability for all citizens. It outlines goals such as increasing public health spending, strengthening primary care, controlling diseases like TB and HIV, and addressing issues like malnutrition, non-communicable diseases, and maternal and child health. The policy emphasizes preventive healthcare, coordinated efforts across sectors, and targeted approaches to improve health outcomes equitably.
India, evolved a NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY in 1983 till 2002. The policy stress on PREVENTIVE, PUBLIC HEALTH AND REHABILITATION ASPECTS OF HEALTHCARE. It also focus on need of establishing primary health care to reach in the remote area of the country.
The orderly process defining national Health problems, identifying the unmeet needs, surveying the resources to meet them, and establishing the priority goals to accomplish the purpose of proposed Programme.
This document summarizes several national health programs in India, including: the National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, National Leprosy Eradication Programme, National AIDS Control Programme, and others focused on malaria, filaria, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, dengue, blindness prevention, and reproductive and child health. It provides details on the objectives, strategies, and organization of implementation for many of these public health initiatives.
The document summarizes the organization of health services in India from the central, state, district, and block levels. At the central level, the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare oversees departments that deal with health, family welfare, and Ayush systems. It coordinates with states and oversees national health programs. States have their own health directorates responsible for implementing central policies and programs. Districts are headed by Chief Medical Officers of Health. At the block level, a three-tier structure consists of Community Health Centers, Primary Health Centers, and Sub Centers serving populations of varying sizes.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of District Public Health Nurses (DPHNs) and District Public Health Nursing Officers (DPHNOs) in India. DPHNs and DPHNOs supervise public health nursing and midwifery staff in their district. Their responsibilities include evaluating population health trends, developing public health programs, providing health education and care to vulnerable groups, and supervising other nursing staff. DPHNs and DPHNOs also provide guidance, education and training to nursing students. They work to improve health services and ensure resources are available in their districts.
The document summarizes India's health care delivery system. At the central level, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare oversees various departments and organizations. These include the Central Council of Health, which advises on health policy, and the Director General of Health Services. States have their own health ministries and directorates. Primary health care is delivered through a network of sub-centers, primary health centers (one per 30,000 people in plains), and community health centers. The primary focus is on maternal and child health, immunization, and other basic services.
Launched as recommended by the national health policy 2017
To achieve the vision of universal health coverage (UHC).
This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to "leave no one behind.“
The Bhore Committee was established in 1943 by the Government of India to survey health conditions and organizations in India and make recommendations. It observed that health programs should focus on preventive care alongside treatment. Its key recommendations included integrating preventive and curative services, establishing a three-tiered primary-secondary-tertiary healthcare system, and focusing on diseases like malaria, TB, and communicable diseases. The Bhore Committee report was an important landmark in establishing the concepts of primary healthcare and a comprehensive, integrated health system in India.
The document outlines India's National Health Policy from 2002. It aims to achieve an acceptable standard of health for the Indian population through decentralizing the public health system and ensuring more equitable access to healthcare. Specific objectives include enhancing private sector contribution, prioritizing prevention, rationalizing drug use, and increasing access to traditional medicine. The policy sets goals such as eradicating certain diseases by target years and reducing mortality and morbidity rates. It also recommends increasing health expenditure and personnel norms to improve the healthcare system.
Unit:-2. Health and welfare committeesSMVDCoN ,J&K
Various committees of experts have been appointed by the government from time to time to render advice about different health problems. The reports of these committees have formed an important basis of health planning in India. The goal of National Health Planning in India is to attain Health for all by the year 2000.
The document provides an overview of India's health care delivery system, including its organizational framework at the national, state, district, and local levels. It describes the key components of primary health care in India such as primary health centers (PHCs), sub centers, and community health centers (CHCs). The document also outlines some of India's major health problems including communicable diseases, nutritional issues, and environmental sanitation challenges.
National health and family welfare programs in India aim to improve public health. There are many national health programs that focus on controlling communicable diseases, improving sanitation, and controlling population growth. These programs are implemented through intersectoral coordination between government agencies and non-governmental organizations. National health programs address issues like vector-borne diseases, malaria, filariasis, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, blindness, nutrition deficiencies, and more. Effectiveness of programs relies on factors such as improving service quality, resources, training, and generating public awareness. Non-governmental organizations also play important roles in supporting national health programs through activities like research, education, and community services.
The Bhore Committee report of 1946 laid the foundations for India's public health system. It recommended establishing a three-tier health care system with primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. It emphasized integrating preventive and curative services and ensuring access to medical care regardless of ability to pay. The committee also stressed the importance of community health workers and locating services close to rural populations to maximize health benefits.
The document summarizes India's health care delivery system. It has 3 main levels - central, state, and local/peripheral. At the central level, the key organizations are the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate General of Health Services, and Central Council of Health and Family Welfare. States have significant independence in delivering healthcare. Locally, there are village health workers, subcenters, primary health centers (PHCs), and community health centers (CHCs).
The Reproductive and Child Health Programme was launched in India in 1997 based on recommendations from the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development. The objectives of the program are to improve maternal and child health by reducing infant and maternal mortality rates and promoting population stabilization. Key components include family planning, maternal and child healthcare, prevention and management of reproductive tract infections and HIV/AIDS. The program was implemented in two phases, with the second phase from 2005-2009 aiming to expand services and improve quality, coverage, and management.
The document summarizes India's national health policies from 1978 onwards. It discusses the key goals and principles of the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care, including health as a fundamental right and reducing inequality. It outlines India's 1983 National Health Policy which aimed to provide primary health care and integrate related sectors. While some goals were achieved by 2000, many were not, prompting the 2002 National Health Policy to revise strategies and accelerate public health goals.
This document discusses various concepts related to epidemiology and epidemiological study designs. It defines epidemiology and its phases. It discusses observational and experimental study designs including descriptive studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, randomized control trials and field trials. It explains key epidemiological terms like target population, sampling, and probability and non-probability sampling techniques.
The document summarizes the state of public health in India before the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). There were large health gaps and crises in rural areas, including malnutrition, maternal and infant deaths, and inadequate water supply. NRHM was launched in 2005 to improve rural health systems by making them more accessible, affordable, accountable, and equitable. It focused on increasing access to primary healthcare and reducing child and maternal mortality rates.
The document outlines the infrastructure, staffing, services, and equipment requirements for Indian community health centres. Key requirements include:
- 30 indoor beds, an operation theatre, labour room, X-ray and laboratory facilities.
- Staff including doctors, nurses, paramedical staff, and administrative staff totaling 46-52 people.
- Services such as OPD clinics, routine and emergency surgery/medicine care, maternal and child health services, family planning, and national health programs.
- Diagnostic services, equipment, drugs, and transportation for referrals.
India faces several major health issues that affect its entire population. Communicable diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases, acute respiratory infections, leprosy, and filariasis remain significant problems. Non-communicable diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes are also increasing. Nutritional deficiencies including anemia, low birth weight, and iodine deficiency disorders are widespread public health issues. Environmental sanitation problems related to water supply and waste disposal are compounded by rapid urbanization and industrialization. There is an inequitable distribution of healthcare resources between urban and rural areas. Population growth further exacerbates these health challenges.
The document summarizes the key points of India's National Health Policy of 2017. The policy aims to improve health access, quality and affordability for all citizens. It outlines goals such as increasing public health spending, strengthening primary care, controlling diseases like TB and HIV, and addressing issues like malnutrition, non-communicable diseases, and maternal and child health. The policy emphasizes preventive healthcare, coordinated efforts across sectors, and targeted approaches to improve health outcomes equitably.
India, evolved a NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY in 1983 till 2002. The policy stress on PREVENTIVE, PUBLIC HEALTH AND REHABILITATION ASPECTS OF HEALTHCARE. It also focus on need of establishing primary health care to reach in the remote area of the country.
The document discusses India's national health policies. It outlines the key goals and elements of the first National Health Policy introduced in 1983, which aimed to achieve health for all by 2000. While some progress was made, many goals were not fully achieved due to various barriers. In response, the National Health Policy of 2002 was introduced with the objective of achieving acceptable health standards for the population. It outlined various strategies and components to strengthen the health system and increase access to healthcare across India.
This document outlines several national health policies and objectives in India, including the National Health Policy, National Policy on AYUSH, and National Population Policy. It provides definitions of policy and health policy. The objectives of the policies are to improve health status and outcomes, increase access to primary healthcare services, and strengthen the health system. Some specific goals mentioned are reducing mortality rates, increasing utilization of public health facilities, expanding health infrastructure and the community health workforce.
This document summarizes the key points from a seminar on health policies. It defines health policies and outlines the steps for implementing a policy. It discusses the differences between public and private policy making and the various forms and categories of health policies. It then provides details on the formulation and objectives of India's National Health Policy from 1983 and its achievements and failures. Finally, it outlines the National Health Policy from 2002, its goals and objectives, and its components for reviewing the health situation and prescribing new policies.
This document discusses various aspects of health care services. It defines health care services as services provided by health professionals to promote, maintain or restore health. It states that health care services should be designed to meet the health needs of communities through hospitals and other agencies. It also notes that health has been declared a fundamental human right and states have a responsibility for their citizens' health. It then discusses characteristics, delivery, health promotion, disease prevention, diagnostic services, treatment services, rehabilitation and continuing care as key components of comprehensive health care services.
The document outlines India's national health policy and health care delivery system at the national, state, and local levels. It discusses the goals of national health policy to provide the highest level of health for all. It also describes the organization and functions of health services at the central, state, and district/local levels, including primary health centers, community health centers, and hospitals. The document provides details on staffing and responsibilities at different levels of the health care system.
The document discusses India's National Health Policy, which aims to achieve "Health for All" through various objectives and strategies. The first National Health Policy was introduced in 1983 to focus on preventive, promotive, and public health aspects. Key elements included increasing awareness, providing safe water and sanitation, and improving rural healthcare infrastructure. Subsequent policies in 2001 and beyond set goals to reduce disease burdens and improve health indicators by targeting dates like 2015. Challenges to achieving health for all include inadequate resources, socioeconomic factors, and weak health systems. WHO aims to support countries' health goals through leadership, standards, technical cooperation, and building sustainable health systems.
The National Health Policy of 2017 aims to improve health outcomes through coordinated policy action across sectors. It sets goals such as increasing life expectancy and reducing mortality rates. The policy emphasizes preventive healthcare, affordable universal access, and strengthening primary care. It proposes increasing health expenditure and improving infrastructure. The policy outlines strategies for improving national health programs addressing issues like RMNCH+A, immunization, communicable and non-communicable diseases. It focuses on reforms for healthcare financing, governance, and increasing investments in human resources and digital tools.
The document outlines India's national health policies from 1983 to the present. The National Health Policy of 1983 aimed to achieve health for all by 2000 through increasing access to primary healthcare. The 2002 policy continued this goal and emphasized decentralizing services and increasing private sector involvement. The current 2017 policy builds on previous goals and aims to achieve universal health coverage through public health programs focused on prevention and health promotion. It sets specific targets for improving health indicators and increasing funding and infrastructure to achieve its vision.
The National Health Policy 2017 introduces a new health policy for India, outlining several objectives and goals. It aims to improve health status through preventive services and expand coverage of curative, palliative and rehabilitative services. Key principles of the policy include equity, affordability, universality, patient-centered care, accountability, and partnerships. It sets quantitative goals around life expectancy, mortality rates, disease burdens and more. The policy proposes increasing health expenditure and organizing public health delivery around primary care, infrastructure, and integrating national health programs.
Dr. Muhammad Arif discusses health systems and analyzes Pakistan's health system. He defines a health system as consisting of all organizations, institutions, and resources aimed at improving health. Pakistan's health system faces challenges including underfunding, a shortage of health workers, and inequitable access to care. Weaknesses include low public health spending, a large unregulated private sector, and imbalances in the distribution of facilities and workers between urban and rural areas. Improving Pakistan's health system will require addressing social determinants of health and implementing policies to achieve universal health coverage.
The National Health Policy 2017 aims to achieve the highest level of health and well-being for all Indians through preventive and promotive healthcare. Key goals include attaining universal health coverage, improving quality of care, reducing costs, and lowering rates of maternal and child mortality. The policy focuses on increasing investment in health, strengthening primary care services, addressing non-communicable and infectious diseases, expanding health infrastructure and the healthcare workforce, and aligning the private sector with public health objectives. It outlines specific targets to be achieved by 2025 related to life expectancy, mortality rates, disease burdens, health system coverage and performance, and health system strengthening.
The National Health Policy 2017 aims to achieve the highest level of health and well-being for all Indians through preventive and promotive healthcare. Key goals include attaining universal health coverage, reducing catastrophic health expenditures, and increasing public health spending to 2.5% of GDP. The policy emphasizes preventive care, inter-sectoral coordination to address social determinants of health, and expanding primary healthcare services. It also aims to strengthen regulation of private healthcare and ensure its alignment with public health objectives. Specific targets are outlined to reduce mortality, disease burden, and improve health system performance by 2025.
This document discusses health promotion and primary health care. It defines health promotion as enabling people to increase control over their health. Key interventions in health promotion include health education, environmental modifications, nutritional interventions, and lifestyle/behavioral changes. Primary health care aims to provide essential, universal care through principles of equitable distribution, community participation, appropriate technology, and intersectoral coordination. It focuses on maternal/child health, common diseases/injuries, essential drugs, nutrition, health education, disease prevention/control, safe water, and immunization. The document also describes levels of prevention including primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
The document summarizes India's national health policies from 1983 to the present. The National Health Policy of 1983 emphasized primary healthcare and established a decentralized system. It was revised in 2002 to optimize healthcare access and include social policies. The current 2017 policy focuses on priority areas like cleanliness, nutrition, and disease control. It outlines various health programs targeting issues like maternal/child health, communicable/non-communicable diseases, and health system strengthening. The policies aim to provide comprehensive and equitable healthcare coverage across India.
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
2. NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY
THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ADOPTED A
NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY IN AUGUST 1983.
THE POLICY IS A 17 PAGE DOCUMENT
CONSISTING OF 20 PARAS AND AN APPENDIX
SETTING THE GOALS FOR HEALTH AND
FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME.
3. NHP 1983
INDIA IS ONE OF THE COUNTRIES WHICH HAS
SIGNED THE ALMA ATA DECLARATION. IT IS
THEREFORE, COMMITED TO THE GOAL OF
HEALTH FOR ALL BY THE YEAR 2000.
IN ORDER TO REACH THE GOAL THE
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA HAS EVOLVED A
NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY IN 1983.
4. ELEMENTS
CREATION OF AWARENESS IN THE COMMUNITY
ABOUT THE HEALTH PROBLEMS.
SUPPLY OF SAFE DRINKING WATER AND
SANITATION WITH AFFORDABLE TECHNOLOGY.
REDUCTION IN THE RURAL/URBAN IMBALANCE OF
HEALTH SERVICES.
PROMOTION OF RESEARCH FOR THE
ALTERNATE/LOW COST HEALTH INTERVENTIONS.
IMPROVEMENT IN CO-ORDINATION OF THE
DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE.
5. STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF HEALTH
POLICY
RECONSTRUCTING OF HEALTH
INFRASTRUCTURE ; THIS HOPEFULLY WILL
REMOVE THE EXISTING IMBALANCE.
DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH MANPOWER; SUCH
AS HEALTH WORKERS, TRAINED
DAIS,ANGANWADI WORKERS,VILLAGE HEALTH
GUIDES ETC.
6. IT ALSO INCLUDES PERIODIC TRAINING OF THE
EXISTING MANPOWER.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ; STRESS TO BE
GIVEN ON EVOLVING THE LOW COST HEALTH
INTERVENTIONS AND RESEARCH ON
ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR HEALTH
PROBLEMS.
7. OPERATIONAL TARGETS
ESTABLISHMENT OF ONE SUBCENTRE FOR EVERY
5000 POPULATION IN RURAL AND 3000
POPULATION IN HILLY/TRIBAL AREAS.
ESTABLISHMENT OF ONE PHC FOR EVERY 30,000
POPULATION IN RURAL AREA AND FOR 20,000
POPULATION IN HILLY/TRIBAL AREA.
ONE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE PER LAKH
POPULATION.
8. ONE VILLAGE HEALTH GUIDE FOR 1000
POPULATION AND ONE TRAINED BIRTH
ATTENDANT IN EACH VILLAGE.
TRAINING OF VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF
PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL.
9. POLICY PRESCRIPTION OF NHP 1983
• MEDICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION :
SETS OUT THE CHANGES REQUIRED TO BE
BROUGHT ABOUT IN THE CURRICULAR
CONTENTS AND TRAINING PROGRAMME OF
MEDICAL AND HEALTH PERSONNEL,AT VARIOUS
LEVELS OF FUCTIONING.
TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE NEED FOR
ESTABLISHING THE EXTREMELY ESSENTIAL
INTERRELATIONS BETWEEN FUCTIONARIES OF
VARIOUS GRADES.
10. SEEKS TO RESOLVE THE EXISTING SHARP
REGIONAL IMBALANCES IN THEIR AVAILABILITY.
ENSURES THAT PERSONNEL AT ALL LEVELS ARE
SOCIALLY MOTIVATED TOWARDS THE
RENDERING OF COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES.
11. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE WITH SPECIAL
EMPHASIS ON THE PREVENTIVE, PROMOTIVE
AND REHABILITATIVE ASPECTS :
A WELL DISPERSED NETWORK OF COMPREHENSIVE
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES WITH ORGANIZED
SUPPORT OF VOLUNTEERS,AUXILIARIES,PARA-MEDICS
AND ADEQUATELY TRAINED MULTIPURPOSE
WORKERS.
THE QUALITY OF TRAINING OF HEALTH GUIDES/
WORKERS.
12. ESTABLISHMENT OF A WELL WORKED OUT REFERRAL
SYSTEM TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE EXPERTISE NEAREST
TO THE COMMUNITY.
THE LOCATION OF CURATIVE CENTRES SHOULD BE
RELATED TO DENSITIES OF POPULATION , DISTANCES,
TOPOGRAPHY AND TRANSPORT CONNECTIONS.
INCREASED INVESTMENT BY NON-GOVERNMENTAL
AGENCIES IN ESTABLISHING CURATIVE CENTRES AND
BY OFFERING LOGISTICAL,FINANCIAL AND
TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO VOLUNTARY AGENCIES IN
THE HEALTH FIELD.
13. REORIENTATION OF THE EXISTING HEALTH
PERSONNEL:
A DYNAMIC PROCESS OF CHANGE AND
INNOVATION IS REQUIRED TO BE BROUGHT
ABOUT IN THE ENTIRE APPROACH TO HEALTH
MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT, ENSURING THE
EMERGENCE OF FULLY INTEGRATED BANDS OF
WORKERS FUCTIONING WITHIN THE “HEALTH
TEAM” APPROACH.
14. PRIVATE PRACTICE BY GOVRNMENTAL
FUCTIONARIES:
IT IS DESIRABLE FOR THE STATES TO TAKE STEPS TO
PHASE OUT THE SYSTEM OF THE PRIVATE PRACTICE
BY MEDICAL PERSONNEL IN GOVERNMENT SERVICE,
PROVIDING AT THE SAME TIME FOR PAYMENT OF
APPROPRIATE COMPENSATORY NON PRACTICING
ALLOWANCES.
15. PRACTITIONERS OF INDIGENOUS AND OTHER
SYSTEMS OF MEDICINE AND THEIR ROLE IN
HEALTH CARE:
IT IS NECESSARY TO INITIATE ORGANIZED MEASURES
TO ENABLE EACH OF THE VARIOUS SYSTEMS OF
MEDICINE AND HEALTH CARE TO DEVELOP IN
ACCORDANCE WITH ITS GENIUS.
16. PROBLEMS REQUIRING URGENT ATTENTION:
NUTRITION
PREVENTION OF FOOD ADULTRATION AND
MAINTENANCE OF QUALITY OF DRUGS
WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMME
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES
SCHOOL HEALTH PROGRAMMES
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES
17. HEALTH EDUCATION:
THE PUBLIC HEALTH EDUCATION PROGRAMMES
SHOULD BE SUPPLEMENTED BY HEALTH, NUTRITION
AND POPULATION EDUCATION PROGRAMMES IN ALL
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS AT VARIOUS LEVELS.
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM:
APPROPRIATE DECISION MAKING AND PROGRAMME
PLANNING IN THE HEALTH AND RELATED FIELDS IS
NOT POSSIBLE WITHOUT ESTABLISHING AN
EFFECTIVE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM.
18. MEDICAL INDUSTRY:
EFFORTS SHOULD BE MADE TO ICREASE THE
PRODUCTION OF ESSENTIAL AND LIFE SAVING DRUGS
AND VACCINES.
THE PRODUCTION OF THE ESSENTIAL, LIFE SAVING
DRUGS UNDER THEIR GENERIC NAMES AND THE
ADOPTION OF ECONOMICAL PACKAGING PRACTICES.
19. HEALTH INSURANCE:
IT WOULD BE NECESSARY TO DEVICSE WELL-
CONSIDERED HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEMES, ON A
STATEWISE BASIS FOR MOBILISING ADDITIONAL
RESOURCES FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND ENSURING
THAT THE COMMUNITY SHARES THE COST OF THE
SERVICES , IN KEEPING WITH ITS PAYING CAPACITY.
HEALTH LEGISLATION:
IT IS NECESSARY TO URGENTLY REVIEW ALL EXISTING
LEGISLATION AND WORK TOWARDS A UNIFIED,
COMPREHENSIVE LEGISLATION IN THE HEALTH FIELD,
ENFORCEABLE ALL OVER THE COUNTRY.
20. MEDICAL RESEARCH:
CONTAINMENT AND ERADICATION OF THE
EXISTING , WIDELY PREVELANT DISEASES.
TRANSLATION OF AVAILABLE KNOWN HOW INTO
SIMPLE,LOW COST, APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGIES.
CONTRACEPTIVE RESEARCH
NUTRITION RESEARCH
21. INTERSECTORAL COOPERATION:
IT IS NECESSARY TO SECURE INTERSECTORAL
COORDINATION OF THE VARIOUS EFFORTS IN THE
FIELDS OF
HEALTH AND FAMILY PLANNING
MEDICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
DRUGS AND PHARMACEUTICALS
AGRICULTURE,FOOD
WATER SUPPLY, DRAINAGE, HOUSING
EDUCATION, SOCIAL WELFARE
RURAL DEVELOPMENT
22. MONITORING AND REVIEW OF PROGRESS:
IT WOULD BE OF CRUCIAL IMPORTANCE TO
MONITOR AND PERIODICALLY REVIEW THE
SUCCESS OF THE EFFORTS MADE AND RESULTS
ACHIEVED.
23. LIMITATIONS OF NATIONAL HEALTH
POLICY 1983
NO DEFINITE PROGRAMME HAS BEEN SUGGESTED FOR
PROMOTING COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN HEALTH.
THE POLICY IS TOTALLY SILENT ABOUT HEALTH BUDGET.
IT DOES NOT GIVE ADEQUATE EMPHASIS TO CERTAIN
AREAS SUCH AS ACCIDENT PREVENTION, GERIATRIC CARE
AND PREVENTION OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES ;
EXAMPLE: OBESITY, CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND
DISEASES RELATED TO USE OF TOBACCO, ALCOHOL, ETC.
24.
25. OBJECTIVES
TO ACHIEVE AN ACCEPTABLE STANDARD OF GOOD
HEALTH AMONGEST THE GENERAL POPULATION OF
THE COUNTRY.
PRIORITY TO PREVENTIVE AND FIRST LINE
CURATIVE INITIATIVE AT PRIMARY LEVEL.
FOCUS ON DISEASES THAT ARE CAUSING BURDEN
SUCH AS TB, MALARIA, BLINDNESS, HIV/AIDS.
EMPHASIS ON RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS.
26. TARGETS
YEAR 2005:
1. ERADICATION OF POLIO
2. ERADICATION OF YAWS
3. INCREASE HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SPENDING
TO FROM 5% TO 7%
YEAR 2007:
1. ACHIEVE ZERO LEVEL GROWTH OF HIV/AIDS
27. YEAR 2010:
1. ELIMINATE KALA-AZAR
2. REDUCTION IN MORTALITY DUE TO MALARIA,
OTHER VECTOR BORNE DISEASES AND TB BY 50%.
3. REDUCE PREVALENCE OF BLINDNESS TO 0.5%
4. INCREASE UTILIZATION OF HEALTH FACILITIES
TO 75%
5. INCREASE CENTRAL GRANT TO CONSTITUTE
ATLEAST 25% OF TOTAL HEALTH SPENDING
• YEAR 2015:
ELIMINATE LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS
28. POLICY PRESCRIPTION NHP 2002
FINANCIAL RESOURCES:
INCREASE THE HEALTH SECTOR EXPENDITURE
TO 6% OF GDP, WITH 2% OF GDP BEING
CONTRIBUTED AS PUBLIC HEALTH INVESTMENT,
BY THE YEAR 2010.
THE STATE GOVT. WOULD ALSO NEED TO
INCREASE THE COMMITMENT TO THE HEALTH
SECTOR.
29. • DELIVERY OF NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH
PROGRAMMES:
1. NHP-2002 ENVISAGES THE GRADUAL CONVERGENCE
OF ALL HEALTH PROGRAMMES UNDER A SINGLE
FIELD ADMINISTRATION.
2. PROGRAMME IMPLEMENTATION BE EFFECTED
THROUGH AUTONOMOUS BODIES AT STATE AND
DISTRICT LEVELS.
3. THE POLICY ALSO HIGHLIGHTS THE NEED FOR
DEVELOPING THE CAPACITY WITHIN THE STATE
PUBLIC HEALTHY ADMINISTRATION FOR SCIENTIFIC
DESIGNING OF PUBLIC HEALTH PROJECTS, SUITED TO
THE LOCAL SITUATION.
30. THE STATE OF PUBLIC HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE:
THE POLICY ENVISAGES KICK STARTING THE REVIVAL OF
THE PRIMARY HEALTH SYSTEM BY PROVIDING SOME
ESSENTIAL DRUGS UNDER CENTRAL GOVT. FUNDING
THROUGH THE DECENTRALIZED HEALTH SYSTEM.
EXTENDING PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES:
1. IT RECOGNIZE THE NEED FOR STATES TO SIMPLIFY THE
RECRUITMENT PROCEDURES AND RULES FOR
CONTRACT EMPLOYMENT IN ORDER TO PROVIDE
TRAINED MEDICAL MANPOWER IN UNDER DERVED
AREAS.
2. STATE GOVT. COULD ALSO RIGOROUSLY ENFORCE A
MENDATORY 2 YEAR RURAL POSTING BEFORE THE
AWRDING OF THE GRADUATE DEGREE.
31. ROLE FOR LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT INSTITUTION:
1. NHP 2002 LAYS GREAT EMPHASIS UPON THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH
PROGRAMMES THROUGH LOCAL SELF GOVT.
INSTITUTIONS.
2. THE POLICY URGES ALL STATE GOVT. TO CONSIDER
DECENTRALIZING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
PROGRAMMES TO SUCH INSTITUTION BY 2005
32. EDUCATION OF HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS:
1. SETTING UP OF MEDICAL GRANTS COMMISSION
FOR FUNDING NEW GOVT. MEDICAL AND
DENTAL COLLEGES IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE
COUNTRY.
2. A NEED BASED SKILL ORIENTED SYLLABUS WITH
A MORE SIGNIFICANT COMPONENT OF
PRACTICAL TRAINING, WOULD MAKE FRESH
DOCTORS USEFUL IMMEDIATELY AFTER
GRADUATION.
33. NURSING PERSONNEL:
1. THE POLICY EMPHASIS THE NEED FOR AN
IMPROVEMENT IN THE RATIO OF NURSES VIS-À-
VIS DOCTORS/BEDS.
2. THE PUBLIC HEALTH DELIVERY CENTRES NEED
TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF NURSING
PERSONNEL.
3. ESTABLISH TRAINING COURSES FOR SUPER
SPECIALITY NURSES REQUIRED FOR TERTIARY
CARE INSTITUTIONS.
34. USE OF GENERIC DRUGS AND VACCINES:
THE NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR UNIVERSAL
IMMUNIZATION ASSURE OF AN UNINTERRUPTED SUPPLY OF
VACCINES AT AN AFFORDABLE PRICE.
URBAN HEALTH:
1. SETTING UP OF AN ORGANIZED URBAN PRIMARY
HEALTH CARE STRUCTURE.
2. ADOPTION OF APPROPRIATE POPULATION NORMS FOR
THE URBAN PUBLIC HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE.
3. THE FUNDING FOR THE URBAN PRIMARY HEALTH
SYSTEM WILL BE JOINTLY BORNE BY THE LOCAL SELF
GOVT. INSTITUTIONS AND STATE AND CENTRAL GOVT.
35. MENTAL HEALTH:
A NETWORK OF DECENTRALIZED MENTAL HEALTH
SERVICES FOR AMELIORATING THE MORE COMMON
CATEGORIES OF DISORDERS.
INFORMATION EDUCATION AND
COMMUNICATION :
NHP 2002 GIVE PRIORITY TO SCHOOL HEALTH
PROGRAMMES WHICH AIM AT PREVENTIVE HEALTH
EDUCATION ,PROVIDING REGULAR HEALTH CHECK UPS
AND PROOTION OF HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR
AMONG CHILDREN.
36. HEALTH RESEARCH:
DOMESTIC MEDICAL RESEARCH WOULD BE FOCUSED
ON NEW THERAPEUTIC DRUGS AND VACCINES FOR
TROPICAL DISEASES, SUCH AS TB AND MALARIA, AS
ALSO ON THE SUB TYPES OF HIV/AIDS PREVALENT IN
THE COUNTRY.
ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR:
POLICY WELCOMES THE PARTICIPATION OF THE
PRIVATE SECTOR IN ALL AREAS OF HEALTH
ACTIVITIES –PRIMARY , SECONDARY OR TERTIARY.
37. ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY:
NHP-2002 RECOGNIZES THE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION
MADE BY NGO’SAND OTHER INSTITUTIONS OF THE CIVIL
SOCIETY IN MAKING AVAILABLE HEALTH SERVICES TO
THE COMMUNITY.
HEALTH STATISTICS:
THE POLICY ENVISAGES THE COMPLETION OF BASELINE
ESTIMATES FOR THE INCIDENCE OF THE COMMON
DISEASES-TB,MALARIA,BLINDNESS BY 2005.
38. MEDICAL ETHICS:
A CONTEMPORARY CODE OF ETHICS BE NOTIFIED AND
RIGOROUSLY IMPLEMENTED BY THE MEDICAL COUNCIL
OF INDIA.
OTHERS:
ENFORCEMENT OF QUALITY STANDARDS FOR FOOD
AND DRUGS
REGULATION OF STANDARDS IN PARAMEDICAL
DISCIPLINES
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON THE HEALTH SECTOR
39. BIBLIOGRAPHY
BASAVANTHAPPA B.T. “COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING”
2ND EDITION 2008, PARAS OFFSET PVT. LTD. , NEW DELHI,
JAYPEE, Pp 889-94
KISHORE J’S “NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAMMES OF
INDIA- NATIONAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATIONS
RELATED TO HEALTH” 7TH EDITION , 2007, NEW DELHI,
CENTURY PUBLICATION , Pp 50-53
PARK K. “TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIV AND SOCIAL
MEDICINE” 19TH EDITION 2007 , PREMNAGAR, JABALPUR,
M/S BANARSIDAS BHANNOT, Pp728-29
PIYUSH GUPT,GHAI O.P.’S “TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE
AND SOCIAL MEDICINE” 2ND EDITION 2007, NEW DELHI,
CBS PUBLISHERS & DISTRIBUTERS, Pp 743_42