Demographic characteristics of a country provide an overview of its population size, composition, territorial distribution, changes therein and the components of changes such as natality, mortality and social mobility
Hello
I am Maitri Singhai Student of Urban Planning this is my Presentation on the Demographic Indicators,I made in Sem 3 Under The subject Demography and Urbanization
Although there is very less material in web ,I try to make the topic lucid . I also stuck in sampling part but i feel it helpful for readers .
Commends are welcome
Hello
I am Maitri Singhai Student of Urban Planning this is my Presentation on the Demographic Indicators,I made in Sem 3 Under The subject Demography and Urbanization
Although there is very less material in web ,I try to make the topic lucid . I also stuck in sampling part but i feel it helpful for readers .
Commends are welcome
Unit: 6 Demographic Rates and Ratios vital statistics SMVDCoN ,J&K
Rate measures the occurrence of some particular event in a population during a given period of time. It indicates the change in some event that take place in a population over a period of time like death rate or birth rate.A ratio is a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second.
Unit: 6 Demographic Rates and Ratios vital statistics SMVDCoN ,J&K
Rate measures the occurrence of some particular event in a population during a given period of time. It indicates the change in some event that take place in a population over a period of time like death rate or birth rate.A ratio is a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second.
Population growth is one of the major issues that the human species are facing no matter where on the earth it is occurring in the world. The impact of increasing population has got an adverse effect on the national economy. Moreover increasing number of births has got a deleterious effect on the health of the mother and child and hinders social and economic upliftment of the family.
Population dynamic refers to the study and measurement of population change and components of change over time.
The factors involved in the population dynamics are-
• Deaths
• Births
• Migration
The population may increase or remain stationary or may decline.
The respective tools to analyze the influence of these changes on the population are as follows-
• Rate
• Ratio
• Proportions
In demography, fertility indicates the product or output of reproduction, rather than the ability to have children. ... Accordingly, fertility refers to live births only, and infertility refers only to shortfalls in liveborn children, whether or not pregnancy(ies) occurred.
Fertility: The ability to conceive and bear children, the ability to become pregnant through normal sexual activity.
A decentralized system of disease surveillance for timely and effective public health action with a focus on functional integration of surveillance components of various vertical programmes.
An initiative of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare to leverage information technology for ensuring delivery of full spectrum of healthcare and immunization services to pregnant women and children up to 5 years of age.
Launched by the ministry of health & family welfare, government of India, under the national health mission.
It envisages Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services
Roles and responsibilities of MIDDLE LEVEL HEALTHCARE PROVIDERSharon Treesa Antony
Mid-level health worker can be defined as ‘Front-line health workers in the community who are not doctors but who have been trained to diagnose and treat common health problems, to manage emergencies, to refer appropriately and to transfer the seriously ill or injured for further care.
Launched as recommended by the national health policy 2017
To achieve the vision of universal health coverage (UHC).
This initiative has been designed to meet Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its underlining commitment, which is to "leave no one behind.“
Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency, effectiveness, value and behaviour in the production and consumption of health and health care.
In broad terms, health economists study the functioning of health care systems and health- affecting behaviour such as smoking.
It is the discipline of economics applied to the health care.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
Email / Skype : kefaya1771@gmail.com
Threema: PXHY5PDH
New BATCH Ku !!! MUCH IN DEMAND FAST SALE EVERY BATCH HAPPY GOOD EFFECT BIG BATCH !
Contact me on Threema or skype to start big business!!
Hot-sale products:
NEW HOT EUTYLONE WHITE CRYSTAL!!
5cl-adba precursor (semi finished )
5cl-adba raw materials
ADBB precursor (semi finished )
ADBB raw materials
APVP powder
5fadb/4f-adb
Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
Metonitazene CAS: 14680-51-4
Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
2. Demographic characteristics of a country
provide an overview of its population size,
composition, territorial distribution, changes
therein and the components of changes such
as natality, mortality and social mobility
3. SOURCES
Census
Vital events registers
Sample registration system ( dual record
system consisting of continuous enumeration
of births and deaths by an enumerator and
an independent survey every 6 months by an
investigator )
Surveys
6. VITAL STATISTICS
Birth rate
Death rate
Natural growth rate
Life expectancy at birth
Mortality rate
Fertility rate
7. POPULATION SIZE
Number of people living in the country
India’s population, as per census 2011 stood
at 12108.5 Lakh.
The growth rate of population for India in the
last decade – 17.64%
8. AGE AND SEX COMPOSITION
Proportion of population < 14 yrs. -
“DECLINING Trend” .
Proportion of the elderly “INCREASING”.
This Imposes a greater BURDEN on Health
services in India.
9. POPULATION PYRAMID
A population pyramid, also called an "age-
gender-pyramid", is a graphical illustration
that shows the distribution of various age
groups in a population which forms the
shape of a pyramid when the population is
growing.
Males are conventionally shown on the left
and females on the right, and they may be
measured by raw number or as a percentage
of the total population.
14. DEPENDENCY RATIO
The proportion of persons above 65 years of
age and children below 15 years of age are
considered to be dependent on the
economically productive age group (15-64
years).
Total dependency ratio/Societal dependency
ratio=
Children 0-14 years + Population more than 65
years of age
Population of 15-64 years
15. Can be divided into:
1. Young age dependency ratio(0-14 years)
2. Old age dependency ratio (65 years and
more)
17. Effective literacy rate=
Number of literate persons aged 7 and above
Population aged 7 and above in a given year
18. CRUDE BIRTH RATE
The crude birth rate is the number of
live births occurring among the population of
a given geographical area during a given
year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of
the given geographical area during the same
year.
19. CRUDE DEATH RATE
The crude death rate is the number of deaths
occurring among the population of a given
geographical area during a given year, per
1,000 mid-year total population of the given
geographical area during the same year.
20. NATURAL GROWTH RATE
When the crude death rate is subtracted from
the crude birth rate, the net residual is the
current annual growth rate, exclusive of
migration.
21.
22. LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH
Life expectancy at birth is defined as the
average number of years that a newborn
could expect to live according to the
mortality pattern prevalent in that country.
Indicator of country’s level of development &
overall health status of the population.” •
23. MORTALITY RATE
A mortality rate is a measure of the
frequency of occurrence of death in a defined
population during a specified interval.
Eg: Crude mortality rate (crude death rate),
Cause-specific mortality rate, Age-specific
mortality rate, Sex-specific mortality rate
24. FERTILITY RATE
By fertility is meant actual bearing of
children.
Also called natality
May be measured by number of indicators
25. FERTILITY BASED STATISTICS/REPRODUCTIVE
INDICATORS
Birth rate
General fertility rate
General marital fertility rate
Age specific fertility indicators
Age-specific marital fertility rate
Total fertility rate
Total marital fertility rate
Gross reproduction rate
Net reproduction rate
Child-women ratio
Pregnancy rate
Abortion rate
Abortion ratio
Marriage rate
26. CRUDE BIRTH RATE
The crude birth rate is the annual number of
live births per 1,000 population.
27. GENERAL FERTILITY RATE
It is the number of live births per 1000
women in the reproductive age group (15-44
or 49 years) in a given year.
28. GENERAL MARITAL FERTILITY RATE (GMFR)
It is the number of live births per 1000
married women in the reproductive age-
group (15 – 49 yr.) in a given year
29. AGE- SPECIFIC FERTILITY RATE
It is the number of the live births in a year to
1000 women in any specified age-group
30. AGE - SPECIFIC MARITAL FERTILITY RATE
It is the number of live births in a year to
1000 married women in any specified age
group.
ASMFR=
No. of live births in a particular age group
*1000
Mid-year married female population of the
same age group
31. TOTAL FERTILITY RATE
It is the average no. of children a woman
would have if she were to pass through her
reproductive years, bearing children at the
same rate as the woman now in each age
group
32. TOTAL MARITAL FERTILITY RATE
Average no. of children that would be born to
a married woman if she experiences the
current fertility pattern throughout her
reproductive span.
33. GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE
Average number of girls that would be born
to a woman if she experiences the current
fertility pattern throughout her reproductive
span (15-49 yr.) assuming no mortality.
34. NET REPRODUCTION RATE
It is defined as the number of daughters a
new born girl will bear during her lifetime,
assuming fixed age specific fertility and
mortality rates.
35. CHILD-WOMEN RATIO
It is the number of children 0-4 years of age
per 1000 women of child-bearing age,
usually defined as 15-44 or 49 years of age.
36. PREGNANCY RATE
It is the ratio of number of pregnancies in a
year to married women in the ages 15-44 or
(or 49 years).
37. ABORTION RATE
It is the number of all types of abortions,
usually per 1000 women of childbearing age
(usually defined as 15-44 years).
38. ABORTION RATIO
This is calculated by dividing the number of
abortions performed during a particular time
period by the number of live births over the
same period.
39. MARRIAGE RATE
It is the no. of marriages in the year per 1000
population:
No. of marriages in the year
*1000
Mid-year population