This document discusses various mortality indicators used to measure health status and the impact of health programs. It classifies indicators into categories like mortality, morbidity, disability, and quality of life. Specific mortality indicators discussed in detail include under-5 proportional mortality rate, maternal mortality rate, disease-specific mortality rate, and case fatality rate. Formulas and current statistics are provided for each indicator. Targets for reducing under-5 and neonatal mortality in India by 2025 and 2030 based on the National Health Policy are also mentioned.

1. MORTALITY INDICATORS(cont.)
SREEHARSHA.P
ROLL NO. 78
3rd year M.B.B.S

2. INDICATOR
Indicator or index is an indication of a given situation or a
reflection of that situation.
*Indicators help to measure the extent to which the
objectives and targets of a programme are being attained.
health
indicators
health status
indicators
health
determinant
indicators

3. CLASSIFICATION
• Mortality indicator *Health policy indicators
• Morbidity indicators *Indicators of quality of life
• Disability rates *Other indicators
• Nutritional indicators
• Health care delivery systems
• Utilization rates
• Social & mental health indicators
• Environmental indicators
• Socio-economic indicators

4. MORTALITY INDICATORS
1.UNDER 5 PROPORTIONATE MORTALITY RATE
2.MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE
3.DISEASE SPECIFIC MORTALITY RATE
4.CASE FATALITY RATE

5. UNDER 5 PROPORTIONATE MORTALITY RATE
• Defined as no.of deaths occuring in the under-5 age
group per 1000 live births.
• reflects both infant and child mortality
• rate accd. to world bank,2018 - 23 per 1000 live births.
• rate accd. to world bank,2019 - 34 per 1000 live births.
• Accd. to UNICEF report 2018, one child/young adolescent
died every 5 sec and the under 5 mortality of girls
exceeded that of boys.
• 5 countries - India, Nigeria , Pakistan, Congo , Ethiopia.

6. • India's NHP-->Target -
• 23 deaths/1000 livebirths for under 5 mortality by 2025
• 16 deaths/1000 livebirths for neonatal mortality by 2025
• 10 neonatal deaths/1000 livebirths by 2030

7. MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE
• Ratio of no. of deaths arising during pregnancy or
puerperal period per 100000 live births
• accounts for greatest no. of deaths among women of
reproductive age group in developing countries.
• current global MMR =211 deaths per 100000 livebirths
(reduced by 38% from 2000 to 2017)
*Accd. to SRS, MMR in india is 113 deaths per 100000
livebirths.(target -70/100000 lb by 2030 accd. to sustainable
devlp. goal.)(as per nhp - 100/100000 lb by 2020)

9. DISEASE SPECIFIC MORTALITY RATE
• It is a type of specific death rate where the analysis is planned
to throw light on specific disease.
• example - tuberculosis , cancer , accidents etc.
• specific death rate due to tuberculosis is calculated by no.of
deaths from tuberculosis during a calendar year x 1000 divided
by mid year population.

13. CASE FATALITY RATE
• Case fatality rate =
total no. of deaths due to a particular disease x 100
total no. of cases due to the same disease
*it represents the killing power of a disease
*used typically in acute infectious diseases like cholera,measles
etc.
*CFR if same disesase in may vary in different epidemics due to
changes in agent , host , and env. factors.
*case fatality is closely related to virulence.

14. EXAMPLE
*no. of covid cases in india as of 18 april,2021 = 1,47,88,109
*no. of deaths = 1,77,168
1,77,168 x 100
CFR = 1,47,88,109
= 1.2 %