The document summarizes the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, were large and expensive. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller and cheaper. The third generation used integrated circuits, allowing computers to run multiple applications at once. The fourth generation used microprocessors on a single chip and introduced concepts like networking. The fifth generation uses ultra-large scale integration, enabling high performance, low cost and portable computers with large storage capacities. Overall, each generation saw improvements in size, cost and capabilities.

1. The Generation of Computers
Presented by:-

2. Introduction
 Generation in computer terminology is a change in technology
 With each new generation, the circuitry has gotten smaller and more
advanced than the previous generation

3. Generation of Computers

4. First Generation Computers
(1940-1956)
 The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory.
 They were often enormous and taking up entire room.
 They were very expensive to operate
 Generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions.

5. First Generation Computer
 The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation
computing devices

6. Second generation computers
(1956-1963)
 Transistors replaced vacuum tubes
 The transistor made computers smaller, less expensive and increased
calculating speeds.
 Consumed less electricity as compared to first generation computers
 High-level programming languages were also being developed at this time
 Second generation computers also saw a new way data was stored
 Some computers of this generation were −IBM 1620,IBM 7094,CDC 1604

7. Second generation computer
Transistor

8. Third generation computers
(1963-1971)
 Transistors were replaced by integrated circuits(IC)
 One IC could replace hundreds of transistors
 This made computers even smaller and faster.
 Allowed the device to run many different applications at one time.
 Some computers of this generation were −IBM-360 series, PDP (Personal
Data Processor),IBM-370/168,TDC-316

9. Third generation computer
IC

10. Fourth Generation Computer
(1971-1980)
 The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers
 thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip
 VLSI technology used
 Concept of internet was introduced
 Great developments in the fields of networks
 Some computers of this generation were −DEC 10, STAR 1000,PDP
11,CRAY-1(Super Computer),CRAY-X-MP(Super Computer)

11. Fourth Generation Computer

12. Fifth generation computers
(1980-present)
 VLSI technology became ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology
 High performance, lower cost and very compact.
 Computers based on artificial intelligence are available.
 Portable note book computers introduced .
 Memory chips up to 1 GB, hard disk drives up to 180 GB and optical disks
up to 27 GB are available
 New brands and models would come out the market almost every other
month.

13. Fifth generation computer

14. Conclusion
 Computers became more affordable
 Computers can now be found in homes, schools, offices etc.
 There has been a tremendous improvement in software technology
 Computer subjects are now being offered not just to college students but
even to high school and elementary.
 Computers are now used as an aid in teaching math, science etc.

15. Thank You