Colour theory for 3rd grade ESO

1. COLOUR

2. PHYSICAL THEORIE OF COLOUR
Colour originates in light. Sunlight, as we perceive it,
is colourless. In reality, a rainbow is testimony to the
fact that all the colours of the spectrum are present
in white light.

3. PHYSICAL THEORIE OF COLOUR
The different hues have different wavelengths in
the spectrum.

4. How the Eye Sees Colour
"Colour is the visual effect that is
caused by the spectral composition
of the light emitted, transmitted, or
reflected by objects.“
1. All the "invisible" colours of
sunlight shine on the apple.
2. The surface of a red apple absorbs
all the colored light rays, except for
those corresponding to red, and
reflects this color to the human eye.
3. The eye receives the reflected red
light and sends a message to the
brain.

5. Additive and subtractive
Color System
Additive colour system Subtractive Colour System
Mixture of primary light colours-
White
This color model is used in computer
monitors, television sets, and theater.
Mixture of primary pigment colours
Black
This color model is used in the print
industry

6. Additive Color System
Red - Green - Blue (RGB)
•The light primaries colours are
red, green and blue.
•We call these colours primary
because we cannot get them
from other coloured lights.
•We get secondary colours when
we mix two primary colours.
•We light white light when we
combine all these colours of
light.
Blue+Green= Cyan
Blue+red= Magenta
Green+red= Yellow
Primary
colours
Subtractive
Color
System

7. Subtractive Color System (CMYK )
Cyan - Magenta - Yellow - Black
They painst we use are made of
coloured power mixed with
different subsances. (Pigment+
Binder)
The primary colours pigments are:
cyan, magenta and yellow.
When we mix colour pigments it is
actually subtractive because we are
reducing the amount of light from
the resulting colour.
We get a black surface when we
put all the colour pigments
together.

9. The Colour Wheel

10. The Colour Wheel
Primary Colors: Magenta, yellow and
Cyan
Primary colors are the 3 pigment colors
that can not be mixed or formed by any
combination of other colors. All other
colors are derived from these 3 hues.
Secondary Colors: Green, orange and
purple
These are the colors formed by mixing the
primary colors.
Tertiary Colors:
These are the colors formed by mixing a
primary and a secondary color. That's why
the hue is a two word name, such as blue-
green, red-violet, and yellow-orange.

11. Warm and cool colors
• The color wheel can be divided
into warm and cool colors.
• Warm colors are vivid and
energetic, and tend to advance
in space.
• Cool colors give an impression
of calm, and create a soothing
impression.
• White, black and gray are
considered to be neutral.

12. Complementary colours:
Complementary colours are pairs of colours
of opposite hues, they appear
diametrically opposite each other.
We say a primary colour is complementary
to a secondary one when it does not form
part of the secondary colour’s mixture.
The 2 colors are always a combination of
all three Primary Colors meaning one
completes or 'complements' the other.
The fact that the two opposites 'complete'
each other means that they will also
neutralize each other when mixed
together.

13. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
A. HUE (TONO)
B. VALUE (VALOR)
C. SATURATION (SATURACION)

14. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
A. HUE (TONO)
• Is the name every colour has (red, green…)
• The best way to describe less familiar colours
is by defining the hues in its mixture.
Reddish Yellow
Bluish green
Yelowish green

15. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
B. VALUE (VALOR)
•The value is a
measurement of the
brightness of a colour.
•The brighter a colour is,
the higher is its value and
the more light it emits.

16. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
High value Low value
VALUE

17. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
VALUE

18. Tint and Shade
• These are terms to describe how a colour varies from
its original hue.
• If white is added, the lighter version of the colour is
called a tint of the colour.
• On the other hand, the darker version of the colour is
called a shade of the color.

19. Change
in tint
(not
hue)
Change in hue (not value)

20. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
C. SATURATION
•Saturation defines a range from pure
colour (100%) to gray (0%) at a
constant brightness level. It is a
measurement of how different from
pure grey the colour is. Saturation is
not really a matter of light and dark,
but rather how pale or strong the
colour is.
•A pure colour is fully saturated.
•The primary and secondary colours
are the most saturated hues.

21. ATTRIBUTES OF COLOUR
C. SATURATION

24. Mixing complementary colours
When you mix two
opposites together
anywhere on the Color
Wheel, the result becomes
increasingly neutral.
Adding gray (black + white)
can flatten your color.
Instead, by simply adding a
tiny drop of the
complementary, you can
get a more neutral version
of the original. (less
saturated)

25. First Colour project
Hue scale
Value scale
Saturation scale
Tint Shade
2 cm
3cm

26. COLOUR HARMONY
MONOCHROMATIC COLOUR SCHEME
•Colors that are shade or tint
variations of the same hue.
•This monochromatic color scheme
approach creates a calming effect.
PICASSO
Harmony can be defined as a pleasing
arrangement of parts, whether it be music,
poetry or color.

27. COLOUR HARMONY
ANALOGOUS COLOUR SCHEME
• Analogous colour schemes use
colours that are next to each
other on the color wheel.
• They usually match well and
create serene and comfortable
designs. They are harmonious
and pleasing to the eye.

28. Analogous colour scheme
COLOUR HARMONY

29. Complementary colour scheme
•When they are placed next to
each other, they make the
other appear more intense
and brighter.
•These opposing colors create
maximum contrast.
COLOUR HARMONY

30. Second colour project
You have to interpretate a picture or a photography
whith a monochromatic colour scheme.

31. You have to use plane shapes of
colour to create your scene.
Steps:
1. Choose your image (a simple
one)
2. Make a black and white
photocopy
3. Divide the image in several
parts depending of the value
of these parts .
4. Number these parts
5. Draw and colour your
project.

33. 6
1
2
1
3
5
3
3
4
4
4
1
2
3
4
5
6
0

34. COLOUR PERCEPTION
The green hue looks brighter
The blue looks different
The gray looks also different

35. COLOUR PERCEPTION

36. COLOUR PERCEPTION

37. COLOUR
SYMBOLISM