This document provides an overview of bacterial classification, structure, and functions. It discusses the taxonomy and classification of bacteria according to their phylogeny and phenotypes. It describes the typical structures of bacteria including their cell wall, cell membrane, flagella, pili, and endospores. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria differ in their cell wall structure. Bacteria serve important functions such as decomposing organic waste, producing industrial chemicals and foods, recycling nutrients, and producing antibiotics.

1. Classification, Structure and Functions of Bacteria Dr Kamran Afzal Asst Prof Microbiology

2. I. Classification of Bacteria

13. II. Structure of Bacteria

14. Typical shapes of bacteria Most bacteria retain a particular shape; a few are pleomorphic

15. Characteristic grouping

17. Typical prokaryotic structures

34. F-Pilus for Conjugation

37. Endospores

40. III. Functions of Bacteria