This document discusses different types of retaining walls used in civil engineering structures. It outlines four main types: gravity walls which rely on mass to resist pressure; cantilever retaining walls made of reinforced concrete or masonry in an inverted T-shape; counterfort retaining walls which have vertical stems and heel slabs strengthened by counterforts at intervals; and buttressed walls which are a modification using buttresses on the backfill side.

1. DESIGN OF CONCRETE
STRUCTURES
SUBMITTED BY:
VIJAY CHANDOLIYA
CIVIL 2ND YR
MUR1200094

2. CLASSIFICATION OF RETAINING WALL
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4. THE COMMON TYPES ARE:
1. GRAVITY WALLS
2. CANTILEVER RETAINING WALLS
3. COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALLS
4. BUTTRESSED WALLS

5. GRAVITY WALLS
Gravity walls depend on their mass
(stone, concrete or other heavy material)
to resist pressure from behind and may
have a 'batter' setback to improve stability
by leaning back toward the retained soil

6. CANTILEVER RETAINING WALLS
Cantilevered retaining walls are made from an internal stem
of steel-reinforced, cast-in-place concrete or mortared
masonry (often in the shape of an inverted T)

7. COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALLS
These walls are used when the
backfill of greater height is to be
retained in this walls the vertical
stem an the heel slab are
strengthened by providing
counterforts at some suitable
intervals which acts as continuous
slab in contrast retaining walls.

8. BUTTRESSED WALLS
These walls are the modification
of the counterfort retining walls.
In this the duttresses are
provided to the other side of the
backfill. These are not commonly
used