Sociology Chapter 4 socialization and the self
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Socialization is the process by which people learn to participate in their society and develop their sense of self. It primarily occurs through interactions with others during childhood and adolescence. There are several key agents of socialization, including family, schools, peer groups, and mass media, that help teach social norms, values, and appropriate behaviors. The self develops through symbolic interactionism, where one imagines how they appear to others and evaluates themselves based on others' perceived reactions.
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Socialization
Socialization and others, Biological Processes,The Process of Socialization,Functions of Socialization,
Socialization
1. Socialization is the lifelong process through which individuals acquire identities and skills needed to function in society. It occurs through social interaction and differs across cultures.
2. Major agents of socialization include family, schools, peers, and mass media. They socialize individuals on norms, values, and roles according to factors like gender and race.
3. Socialization is a continuous process that occurs throughout the life stages of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood as individuals take on new social roles and statuses. Resocialization may occur voluntarily or involuntarily.
Functionalist Social Theory
Functionalism views society as a system of interconnected institutions like the family, education, and police that work together for society to function. Durkheim argued the division of labor regulates modern societies by creating shared values and order. Parsons identified four areas - adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and pattern maintenance - that social institutions like the economy and government facilitate for society to survive. Merton modified functionalism by arguing established institutions don't have solely positive functions and alternatives like communes could effectively socialize children.
Social Structures
This pertains to the components of Social structures such as Statuses, Roles, Groups and Institutions.
AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
STUDY.COM_FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIETY
I HOPE IT IS HELPFUL FOR YOU> BUT PLS IWANT CREDITS> OR ADD ME AND MESSAGE ME THANKS
THERE IS A NOTE FOR PRESENTERS VIEW
HAVE A GOOD DAY
KEEP CALM AND DRINK ON
NAME: Ellen Magalona
GNDR: FML
BRTHDY: FEB. 1998
@ellenmaaee
Meaning of social interaction,agent of social interaction
Social interaction is defined as the process by which people interpenetrate each other's minds. It is the foundation of social processes and structures, as through interaction, people establish social norms and institutions. There are different types and levels of social interaction, from individual to individual, individual to group, group to group, and individuals to culture. The main agents of socialization and interaction are family, schools, peers, and media. Family provides initial socialization, while schools teach social skills; peers influence through relationships, and media shapes views from a young age.
Major theoretical perspectives in sociology
The document outlines three major theoretical perspectives in sociology: [1] structural functionalism, [2] conflict theory, and [3] symbolic interactionism. Structural functionalism views society as a system of interconnected parts that work together, conflict theory sees society as groups competing for scarce resources, and symbolic interactionism examines daily social interactions defined by shared symbols. The perspectives differ in their levels of analysis and views on social change.
Agents of socialization
Family, neighborhood, religion, day care, school, peer groups, sports, and the workplace are the main agents of socialization that influence people's behaviors, attitudes, and self-concept from a young age. Later in life, resocialization may occur when taking on new roles or environments that require learning new norms, such as entering a total institution like the military, prison, or religious orders that aim to replace a person's former identity.
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Socialization
Socialization and others, Biological Processes,The Process of Socialization,Functions of Socialization,
Socialization
1. Socialization is the lifelong process through which individuals acquire identities and skills needed to function in society. It occurs through social interaction and differs across cultures.
2. Major agents of socialization include family, schools, peers, and mass media. They socialize individuals on norms, values, and roles according to factors like gender and race.
3. Socialization is a continuous process that occurs throughout the life stages of infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood as individuals take on new social roles and statuses. Resocialization may occur voluntarily or involuntarily.
Functionalist Social Theory
Functionalism views society as a system of interconnected institutions like the family, education, and police that work together for society to function. Durkheim argued the division of labor regulates modern societies by creating shared values and order. Parsons identified four areas - adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and pattern maintenance - that social institutions like the economy and government facilitate for society to survive. Merton modified functionalism by arguing established institutions don't have solely positive functions and alternatives like communes could effectively socialize children.
Social Structures
This pertains to the components of Social structures such as Statuses, Roles, Groups and Institutions.
AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION
STUDY.COM_FOUNDATIONS OF SOCIETY
I HOPE IT IS HELPFUL FOR YOU> BUT PLS IWANT CREDITS> OR ADD ME AND MESSAGE ME THANKS
THERE IS A NOTE FOR PRESENTERS VIEW
HAVE A GOOD DAY
KEEP CALM AND DRINK ON
NAME: Ellen Magalona
GNDR: FML
BRTHDY: FEB. 1998
@ellenmaaee
Meaning of social interaction,agent of social interaction
Social interaction is defined as the process by which people interpenetrate each other's minds. It is the foundation of social processes and structures, as through interaction, people establish social norms and institutions. There are different types and levels of social interaction, from individual to individual, individual to group, group to group, and individuals to culture. The main agents of socialization and interaction are family, schools, peers, and media. Family provides initial socialization, while schools teach social skills; peers influence through relationships, and media shapes views from a young age.
Major theoretical perspectives in sociology
The document outlines three major theoretical perspectives in sociology: [1] structural functionalism, [2] conflict theory, and [3] symbolic interactionism. Structural functionalism views society as a system of interconnected parts that work together, conflict theory sees society as groups competing for scarce resources, and symbolic interactionism examines daily social interactions defined by shared symbols. The perspectives differ in their levels of analysis and views on social change.
Agents of socialization
Family, neighborhood, religion, day care, school, peer groups, sports, and the workplace are the main agents of socialization that influence people's behaviors, attitudes, and self-concept from a young age. Later in life, resocialization may occur when taking on new roles or environments that require learning new norms, such as entering a total institution like the military, prison, or religious orders that aim to replace a person's former identity.
Sociology of Education
This document provides an overview of sociological theories related to education, including functionalism, conflict theory, interactionism, and critical theory. It discusses key concepts from each theory's perspective on society, individuals, and schools. For functionalism, education promotes social cohesion and stability by preparing students for social roles. Conflict theory views education as reinforcing social inequities and training students to compete for jobs. Interactionism examines how social interactions and labeling influence students. Critical theory, including Bourdieu's work, analyzes how school perpetuates social reproduction and cultural capital benefits privileged groups. The document also reviews labeling theory, teacher expectancy effects, and Bernstein's views on language and class-based codes in schools.
Types of Deviance
1. Merton described 5 types of deviance: innovation, conformity, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion. Innovation involves accepting societal goals like wealth but rejecting legitimate means, using crime instead. Ritualism rejects goals and overly adheres to means. Retreatism rejects both.
2. Crime is a form of deviance that violates legal norms. White-collar crimes are committed by high-status individuals through occupations. Victimless crimes only harm the individual. Corporate crimes are illegal actions by corporations.
3. Status crimes are illegal due to one's age, and civil disobedience breaks unjust laws to promote social change.
Deviant behavior
This document discusses deviant behavior from several perspectives. It defines deviant behavior as any behavior that violates social norms and expectations. It then outlines several theories that attempt to explain the causes of deviant behavior, such as biological factors, psychological issues, social pressures, and unequal social structures. The document also discusses how societies label and sanction behaviors, the functions social deviations can serve, specific types of deviant acts, and methods used in the Philippines to control deviance through formal and informal means.
Presentation 3 (social roles)
Social interaction and social structure are closely related concepts in sociology. Social interaction refers to how people respond to one another, while social structure describes how society is organized into predictable relationships and hierarchies. A person's social status can be ascriptive, based on attributes like gender or race, or achieved through their own efforts and occupations. Statuses come with social roles and expectations, and role conflict can occur when a person has incompatible roles. Social groups and institutions also play a key role in shaping social structure and transmitting culture according to different sociological perspectives.
SOCIAL CLASS
This document presents a summary of social class by Shafiq-ur-Rehman. It defines social class as groups differentiated by characteristics like occupation, income, wealth, and prestige. Common factors used to determine social class are occupation, income, possessions, associations, and influence. Social class determines values, beliefs, behaviors, and lifestyles. There are typically considered to be five social classes ranging from upper class to lower class.
Chapter 5-Social Interaction
This chapter discusses different types of social interaction including exchange, cooperation, conflict, and competition. It defines key concepts like status, roles, role sets, role strain, and role conflict. It also covers dramaturgy's view of social interaction as performance and impression management. Finally, it explains ethnomethodology as the study of the implicit rules and norms that govern social behavior.
Socialization
This document defines socialization as the lifelong process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors needed to function as members of society. It discusses the importance of socialization for transmitting culture between generations and helping individuals acquire social roles and statuses. The major agents of socialization that influence development include family, peer groups, schools, mass media, religion, and primary groups. Each plays a role in socializing individuals and teaching them how to participate in their communities.
Social dimensions in Education - Structural functionalism
Structural functionalism views society as a system of interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability. Talcott Parsons was a key developer of this theory and proposed that all social systems aim to fulfill four basic functions: adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and pattern maintenance. Parsons argued that institutions like the family, education system, economy, and polity help societies achieve these functions. Structural functionalism emphasizes how social structures and cultural values promote social order, consensus, and equilibrium within a society.
Groups & Organizations
This document discusses various topics related to social groups and organizations, including:
1. The key characteristics of social groups including interaction, sense of belonging, and interdependence. It also discusses primary and secondary groups.
2. The characteristics and effects of bureaucracy, noting that while some criticize "red tape", bureaucracy is necessary for large organizations to operate smoothly.
3. The types of formal organizations including normative, coercive, and utilitarian, and examples of each.
4. Additional topics covered include group size and its effects on interactions, ingroups and outgroups, reference groups, leadership styles, and alternatives to traditional bureaucratic models of organization.
Defining culture and society
This document defines key terms related to culture, society, anthropology, and sociology. It discusses culture as the integrated patterns of knowledge, belief, and behavior shared by a group, and society as groups involved in social interaction subject to shared political and cultural expectations. Anthropology is defined as the study of humans, behavior, and societies in the past and present, with a focus on qualitative methods and understanding what it means to be human. Sociology is defined as the study of patterns of social relationships and culture, using quantitative methods and focusing on how society shapes human nature. Both fields study life and culture to understand human actions, but anthropology emphasizes local cultures while sociology examines larger social structures and trends.
Gender stereotypes
The document discusses how gender role stereotyping impacts education. It notes that schools often reinforce stereotypes like girls being nurturing and boys being naturally intelligent. This leads to different expectations and behaviors toward students. For example, boys are more likely to dominate classroom discussions while girls receive criticism for risk-taking. These stereotypes influence how students view their abilities and can have long-term effects on motivation, achievement, and career choices. The document calls for educators to establish equitable classrooms that do not favor one group over another.
Social groups and types
This document defines and describes different types of social groups. It begins by defining a social group as two or more individuals who interact and influence each other. The main types of groups discussed are in-groups and out-groups, primary and secondary groups, quasi groups, gemeinschaft and gesellschaft, and reference groups. In-groups are those individuals identify with, while out-groups are those they do not identify with. Primary groups involve close personal relationships, while secondary groups are more impersonal. Quasi groups lack structure and awareness. Gemeinschaft describes close-knit communities, while gesellschaft describes more impersonal societies. Reference groups are those individuals compare themselves to.
Social construction of gender
Gender is a social construct that defines social relationship between men and women. Women belong to the feminine gender because during the process of growing up, certain culturally constructed feminine traits are inculcated into them, right from the birth.
Conflict theory
Conflict theory states that society functions through conflict between individuals and groups competing over limited resources. It views society as consisting of groups in conflict over power and resources rather than cooperation. Key aspects include inequality built into social structures that benefit those in power, change occurring through conflict rather than adaptation, and groups forming in opposition to pursue their own interests rather than cooperate for social benefits. Major theorists who contributed to conflict theory include Marx, who saw class conflict between owners and workers, and Weber, who argued multiple conflicts exist in society beyond class. Feminist conflict theory explains the oppression of women as benefiting men's pursuit of power. Modern approaches view inequality as producing conflict that can only be overcome through fundamental social transformation.
Understanding Social Problem.pptx
A social problem is defined as a condition that is considered undesirable by many in a society and can be addressed through collective action. Some key points:
- Social problems must negatively impact many people and social institutions. They violate widely shared social norms.
- They have multiple interconnected causes and cannot be easily solved. Examples mentioned are unemployment, poverty, and crime.
- Four stages of the "natural history" of social problems are identified: emergence, legitimacy, renewed claims making, and alternative strategies development.
- Common social problems in India mentioned include poverty, casteism, unemployment, communalism, corruption, and crimes against women.
SOCIALIZATION
Socialization is the lifelong process by which people learn the norms, values, behaviors, and social skills needed to function in their culture. It occurs through several key institutions and socialization agents including family, education, peer groups, media, and religion. Socialization helps convert individuals into social beings by teaching them appropriate roles and behaviors, contributing to personality development, imparting skills and knowledge, and allowing people to learn and enact different social roles throughout their lives.
Social Identity. Sociology
This document discusses social identity and socialization. It defines identity as aspects of oneself including gender, race, ethnicity and religion. People acquire identity through socialization, learning expectations from their family and culture. There are primary identities formed in childhood and secondary identities like occupation. Different theories view identity formation, such as role learning theory focusing on learning social roles, symbolic interactionism seeing it as a creative process, and psychoanalytic theory emphasizing unconscious factors. In conclusion, roles become part of social identity and interaction involves self-presentation to others.
Gender and sexuality
This document provides information about gender and sexuality from a biological and social perspective. Biologically, sex is determined by anatomy, chromosomes, hormones and can be male, female or intersex. Gender refers to social and cultural roles and expectations of masculinity and femininity that are distinct from biological sex. Sexuality encompasses sexual orientation, acts, meanings and drives that are influenced by social and cultural factors. Theories around essentialism view gender differences as innate while social constructionism sees gender as a social construct.
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This document provides an introduction to the functionalist perspective of society. It explains that functionalism views society as a system of interconnected institutions that work together to maintain social order and solidarity. It describes how functionalists believe institutions like the family, government, economy, education and religion shape human behavior through formal and informal social control. The document gives examples of how different institutions could represent organs in the body to illustrate functionalism's view of society operating like a single organism. It outlines key concepts of functionalism and tasks for understanding and applying the functionalist perspective.
Chapter10: Social Interaction and Social Processes
This document discusses the nature of social interaction and social processes. It defines social interaction as how people influence each other through attitudes, feelings and actions. There are three types of social interaction: person-to-person, person-to-group, and group-to-group. Social processes are recurrent patterns of interaction that have stability. Basic social processes include cooperation, competition, and conflict, while derived processes arise from the basic ones, such as assimilation, accommodation and differentiation. Social processes can be classified by whether they promote unity or opposition.
Socialization[1].ppt
Socialization refers to a lifelong learning process starts from birth and remain till death. kamran ishfaq
Chapter 4 socialization and the self.ppt
This document discusses the importance of socialization. It explains that socialization is the process of learning to participate in group life, and that this primarily occurs during one's youth through prolonged social contact with others. It also discusses how socialization influences the development of one's self-concept and sense of identity. Key agents of socialization that are outlined include family, schools, peer groups, and mass media. The document also briefly discusses concepts like the looking glass self, role taking, and the processes of desocialization and resocialization that occur when adopting new social norms and identities.
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This document provides an overview of sociological theories related to education, including functionalism, conflict theory, interactionism, and critical theory. It discusses key concepts from each theory's perspective on society, individuals, and schools. For functionalism, education promotes social cohesion and stability by preparing students for social roles. Conflict theory views education as reinforcing social inequities and training students to compete for jobs. Interactionism examines how social interactions and labeling influence students. Critical theory, including Bourdieu's work, analyzes how school perpetuates social reproduction and cultural capital benefits privileged groups. The document also reviews labeling theory, teacher expectancy effects, and Bernstein's views on language and class-based codes in schools.
Types of Deviance
1. Merton described 5 types of deviance: innovation, conformity, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion. Innovation involves accepting societal goals like wealth but rejecting legitimate means, using crime instead. Ritualism rejects goals and overly adheres to means. Retreatism rejects both.
2. Crime is a form of deviance that violates legal norms. White-collar crimes are committed by high-status individuals through occupations. Victimless crimes only harm the individual. Corporate crimes are illegal actions by corporations.
3. Status crimes are illegal due to one's age, and civil disobedience breaks unjust laws to promote social change.
Deviant behavior
This document discusses deviant behavior from several perspectives. It defines deviant behavior as any behavior that violates social norms and expectations. It then outlines several theories that attempt to explain the causes of deviant behavior, such as biological factors, psychological issues, social pressures, and unequal social structures. The document also discusses how societies label and sanction behaviors, the functions social deviations can serve, specific types of deviant acts, and methods used in the Philippines to control deviance through formal and informal means.
Presentation 3 (social roles)
Social interaction and social structure are closely related concepts in sociology. Social interaction refers to how people respond to one another, while social structure describes how society is organized into predictable relationships and hierarchies. A person's social status can be ascriptive, based on attributes like gender or race, or achieved through their own efforts and occupations. Statuses come with social roles and expectations, and role conflict can occur when a person has incompatible roles. Social groups and institutions also play a key role in shaping social structure and transmitting culture according to different sociological perspectives.
SOCIAL CLASS
This document presents a summary of social class by Shafiq-ur-Rehman. It defines social class as groups differentiated by characteristics like occupation, income, wealth, and prestige. Common factors used to determine social class are occupation, income, possessions, associations, and influence. Social class determines values, beliefs, behaviors, and lifestyles. There are typically considered to be five social classes ranging from upper class to lower class.
Chapter 5-Social Interaction
This chapter discusses different types of social interaction including exchange, cooperation, conflict, and competition. It defines key concepts like status, roles, role sets, role strain, and role conflict. It also covers dramaturgy's view of social interaction as performance and impression management. Finally, it explains ethnomethodology as the study of the implicit rules and norms that govern social behavior.
Socialization
This document defines socialization as the lifelong process by which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors needed to function as members of society. It discusses the importance of socialization for transmitting culture between generations and helping individuals acquire social roles and statuses. The major agents of socialization that influence development include family, peer groups, schools, mass media, religion, and primary groups. Each plays a role in socializing individuals and teaching them how to participate in their communities.
Social dimensions in Education - Structural functionalism
Structural functionalism views society as a system of interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability. Talcott Parsons was a key developer of this theory and proposed that all social systems aim to fulfill four basic functions: adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and pattern maintenance. Parsons argued that institutions like the family, education system, economy, and polity help societies achieve these functions. Structural functionalism emphasizes how social structures and cultural values promote social order, consensus, and equilibrium within a society.
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This document discusses various topics related to social groups and organizations, including:
1. The key characteristics of social groups including interaction, sense of belonging, and interdependence. It also discusses primary and secondary groups.
2. The characteristics and effects of bureaucracy, noting that while some criticize "red tape", bureaucracy is necessary for large organizations to operate smoothly.
3. The types of formal organizations including normative, coercive, and utilitarian, and examples of each.
4. Additional topics covered include group size and its effects on interactions, ingroups and outgroups, reference groups, leadership styles, and alternatives to traditional bureaucratic models of organization.
Defining culture and society
This document defines key terms related to culture, society, anthropology, and sociology. It discusses culture as the integrated patterns of knowledge, belief, and behavior shared by a group, and society as groups involved in social interaction subject to shared political and cultural expectations. Anthropology is defined as the study of humans, behavior, and societies in the past and present, with a focus on qualitative methods and understanding what it means to be human. Sociology is defined as the study of patterns of social relationships and culture, using quantitative methods and focusing on how society shapes human nature. Both fields study life and culture to understand human actions, but anthropology emphasizes local cultures while sociology examines larger social structures and trends.
Gender stereotypes
The document discusses how gender role stereotyping impacts education. It notes that schools often reinforce stereotypes like girls being nurturing and boys being naturally intelligent. This leads to different expectations and behaviors toward students. For example, boys are more likely to dominate classroom discussions while girls receive criticism for risk-taking. These stereotypes influence how students view their abilities and can have long-term effects on motivation, achievement, and career choices. The document calls for educators to establish equitable classrooms that do not favor one group over another.
Social groups and types
This document defines and describes different types of social groups. It begins by defining a social group as two or more individuals who interact and influence each other. The main types of groups discussed are in-groups and out-groups, primary and secondary groups, quasi groups, gemeinschaft and gesellschaft, and reference groups. In-groups are those individuals identify with, while out-groups are those they do not identify with. Primary groups involve close personal relationships, while secondary groups are more impersonal. Quasi groups lack structure and awareness. Gemeinschaft describes close-knit communities, while gesellschaft describes more impersonal societies. Reference groups are those individuals compare themselves to.
Social construction of gender
Gender is a social construct that defines social relationship between men and women. Women belong to the feminine gender because during the process of growing up, certain culturally constructed feminine traits are inculcated into them, right from the birth.
Conflict theory
Conflict theory states that society functions through conflict between individuals and groups competing over limited resources. It views society as consisting of groups in conflict over power and resources rather than cooperation. Key aspects include inequality built into social structures that benefit those in power, change occurring through conflict rather than adaptation, and groups forming in opposition to pursue their own interests rather than cooperate for social benefits. Major theorists who contributed to conflict theory include Marx, who saw class conflict between owners and workers, and Weber, who argued multiple conflicts exist in society beyond class. Feminist conflict theory explains the oppression of women as benefiting men's pursuit of power. Modern approaches view inequality as producing conflict that can only be overcome through fundamental social transformation.
Understanding Social Problem.pptx
A social problem is defined as a condition that is considered undesirable by many in a society and can be addressed through collective action. Some key points:
- Social problems must negatively impact many people and social institutions. They violate widely shared social norms.
- They have multiple interconnected causes and cannot be easily solved. Examples mentioned are unemployment, poverty, and crime.
- Four stages of the "natural history" of social problems are identified: emergence, legitimacy, renewed claims making, and alternative strategies development.
- Common social problems in India mentioned include poverty, casteism, unemployment, communalism, corruption, and crimes against women.
SOCIALIZATION
Socialization is the lifelong process by which people learn the norms, values, behaviors, and social skills needed to function in their culture. It occurs through several key institutions and socialization agents including family, education, peer groups, media, and religion. Socialization helps convert individuals into social beings by teaching them appropriate roles and behaviors, contributing to personality development, imparting skills and knowledge, and allowing people to learn and enact different social roles throughout their lives.
Social Identity. Sociology
This document discusses social identity and socialization. It defines identity as aspects of oneself including gender, race, ethnicity and religion. People acquire identity through socialization, learning expectations from their family and culture. There are primary identities formed in childhood and secondary identities like occupation. Different theories view identity formation, such as role learning theory focusing on learning social roles, symbolic interactionism seeing it as a creative process, and psychoanalytic theory emphasizing unconscious factors. In conclusion, roles become part of social identity and interaction involves self-presentation to others.
Gender and sexuality
This document provides information about gender and sexuality from a biological and social perspective. Biologically, sex is determined by anatomy, chromosomes, hormones and can be male, female or intersex. Gender refers to social and cultural roles and expectations of masculinity and femininity that are distinct from biological sex. Sexuality encompasses sexual orientation, acts, meanings and drives that are influenced by social and cultural factors. Theories around essentialism view gender differences as innate while social constructionism sees gender as a social construct.
Introduction to FUNCTIONALISM
This document provides an introduction to the functionalist perspective of society. It explains that functionalism views society as a system of interconnected institutions that work together to maintain social order and solidarity. It describes how functionalists believe institutions like the family, government, economy, education and religion shape human behavior through formal and informal social control. The document gives examples of how different institutions could represent organs in the body to illustrate functionalism's view of society operating like a single organism. It outlines key concepts of functionalism and tasks for understanding and applying the functionalist perspective.
Chapter10: Social Interaction and Social Processes
This document discusses the nature of social interaction and social processes. It defines social interaction as how people influence each other through attitudes, feelings and actions. There are three types of social interaction: person-to-person, person-to-group, and group-to-group. Social processes are recurrent patterns of interaction that have stability. Basic social processes include cooperation, competition, and conflict, while derived processes arise from the basic ones, such as assimilation, accommodation and differentiation. Social processes can be classified by whether they promote unity or opposition.
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Similar to Sociology Chapter 4 socialization and the self
Unit 6. Social Identities: The self and/in Interaction
The document outlines key concepts related to human nature, socialization, and theories of the self. It discusses:
1) The nature vs. nurture debate on the roles of genetics and socialization in shaping human behavior.
2) The process of socialization through which individuals learn social norms and become functioning members of society, influenced by agents like family, schools, peers, and media.
3) Four theories of the self - Freud's concepts of id, ego, and superego; Cooley's looking-glass self; Mead's stages of self-development; and Goffman's theory of impression management in social roles.
Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
Tackles About
a.Socialization/Enculturation
b.Norms and Values
c.Status and Roles
d.Conformity and Deviance
e.Human Rights, Human Dignity and Common Good
Social and Emotional Development
This document summarizes several theories of social and emotional development:
1. Erikson's theory of psychosocial development which outlines 8 stages from infancy to adulthood centered around resolving crises of trust, autonomy, initiative, industry and more.
2. Bandura's social learning theory which emphasizes observational learning and reinforcement. It involves attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation.
3. Kohlberg's theory of moral development has 3 levels from obedience to social order and justice. It examines how children's understanding of morality progresses through 6 stages from punishment avoidance to upholding laws and ethical principles.
Chapter 4
This chapter discusses socialization and human development from biological and social perspectives. It explains that individuals are shaped by both nature and nurture as genetics interact with socialization experiences. The process of socialization teaches cultural knowledge and helps form personality. Extreme deprivation can harm development, as social attachments are crucial. Key theorists discussed include Cooley, Mead, Freud, and Erikson, who proposed stages of cognitive, moral, and identity development. Socialization occurs primarily through family, school, and peers during childhood, with additional socialization in adulthood through roles like career, marriage, parenthood, and aging.
Social Self
The document summarizes key concepts from a lecture on the social self. It discusses what constitutes the self, including social identities, roles, and comparisons to others. It describes the social self as the part of identity shaped by interpersonal interactions and group memberships. Some functions of the self are gaining social acceptance, playing social roles, and using strategies like self-presentation to control how one is perceived by others.
Ppt ch11 parenting_socialization
The document provides instructions for a final reflection paper assignment in a course on families. It includes guidelines for the paper such as length, required sources and readings. It poses questions for students to address related to defining families, challenges facing families, and future career applications of course content. It also summarizes key concepts from the course readings, including parenting roles, child socialization theories, gender socialization and ethnic socialization processes. Students are instructed to observe family socialization patterns over the weekend.
Ucsp.module2.lesson2
The document discusses several theories of personality and socialization. It describes socialization as the process through which individuals learn the norms, values, and behaviors appropriate for their culture and society. Key agents of socialization include family, school, peer groups, media, and government. The document also summarizes Freud's psychosexual stages of development, Piaget's stages of cognitive development, Erikson's psychosocial stages, Mead's theory of the self emerging through social interaction, and Cooley's looking glass self theory.
Identity Formation
- Understanding Identity formation: Emergence of Multiple identities in the formation of person placed in various social and institutional contexts; the need for inner coherence; managing conflicting ‘identities’
- Determinant of identity formation in individuals and group; social categories such as caste, class, gender and religion.
- The influence of peer group, media, technology and globalization on identity formation in contemporary society.
Chapter 3 Socialization
The document discusses several topics related to human nature and socialization, including:
1) Studies of feral and institutionalized children that showed the importance of socialization for normal development.
2) Experiments with monkeys that demonstrated the importance of social bonding for development.
3) Theories of Freud, Piaget, Kohlberg, and others on the development of personality, reasoning abilities, and morality.
4) The role of agents of socialization like family, peers, school, and work in shaping individuals' identities and behaviors over the life course.
Chapter 4SocializationThis Chapter Will Help YouDefin
Chapter 4
Socialization
This Chapter Will Help You:
Define and understand the role of socialization
Understand and critique the nature/nurture debate in relation to sociology
Outline the agents of socialization
Compare and contrast primary and secondary socialization
Define resocialization
Summarize the theoretical approaches to socialization
Defining Socialization
Socialization involves social learning through social interaction
It helps an individual become a capable member of their society
It is influenced by our social class, ethnicity, gender, etc.
The Influence of Nature
Biological Determinism
The argument that our behaviour is determined by our genetic makeup
Seeks evidence of the biological roots of behaviour
Argues that behaviour evolves over time to secure the survival of the species
The Influence of Nurture
We are products of our environment
Our behaviour is the product of social interactions and learning
The social environment is crucial to an individual’s socialization
Isolation in Non-Human Primates
Harlow researched the effects of maternal separation and social isolation in rhesus monkeys
Lack of social interaction had significant consequences such as fear or hostility
Isolation in Humans – Feral Children
Children who are assumed to have been raised by animals
The Case of Victor
A boy was discovered in a forest in 18th century France
He was 11 years old and it was assumed that he had lived alone in the forest for 5 or 6 years
A doctor who attempted to socialize him was partially successful
He was never able to speak
Isolation in Humans – The Case of Anna
Anna was discovered in 1932 at the age of 6
She had been locked in a storage room her entire life
She had no social skills and could not speak
She began to show improvement after her discovery but died at the age of 10
Isolation in Humans – The Case of Genie
Genie was discovered at the age of 13 in 1972
She had been locked in a room and tied down from the age of 20 months
She was studied and taught by experts at a children’s hospital
She acquired some skills but could not fully recover from the isolation and neglect
The Turpins – Isolation and Child Abuse
The Turpins kept their 13 children locked in dark rooms or chained to their beds
The children were severely malnourished and dirty
Yet this is the image the parents put out on social media
Primary Socialization
The learning that occurs in an individual's earliest years
It sets the tone for future development
It usually occurs in family settings
Children learn language, norms, values, beliefs, and social skills
Secondary Socialization
This is the socialization that occurs past childhood and throughout adulthood
It is more limited than primary socialization
It has less effect on our self-image
Individuals learn specific roles, norms, attitudes, and beliefs for different adult situations
Functionalist Approach
Social integration:
Socialization teaches people how to integrate in ...
Socialization
The document discusses socialization, which is defined as the process through which individuals learn the norms and values of society. Socialization occurs throughout one's lifetime as new groups and situations are encountered. It can be divided into three main phases:
Primary socialization occurs in childhood as basic values and norms are learned. Secondary socialization builds on this, for example when starting college or a new job. Adult socialization involves learning new social roles and expectations later in life. The major agents of socialization that influence learning include family, school, peers, and mass media. Different theories seek to explain how socialization occurs, such as social learning theory which emphasizes observing and mimicking others.
Lecture 5 socialization
Socialization is the process by which individuals learn social norms and customs in order to function within society. It ensures continuity across generations as children learn appropriate behaviors from various socializing agents like family, peers, school, and media. Effective socialization involves internalizing norms so individuals behave predictably even without direct oversight, through roles and anticipatory socialization. Deviations are discouraged through positive and negative sanctions.
Erik Erikson's Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development
Erikson's eight stages of psychosocial development are summarized in three sentences. The stages span from infancy to late adulthood and center around resolving crises of trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, identity, intimacy, generativity, and integrity. Each stage builds on the previous as the individual develops socially and forms their sense of self. Successful completion of each stage results in healthy development of personality and relationships, while failure can lead to negative outcomes like fear, shame, guilt, and despair.
Social and Emotional Development
This document discusses theories of social and emotional development in children. It covers Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development from infancy through adolescence, focusing on the development of trust, autonomy, initiative, industry and identity. It also discusses Albert Bandura's social learning theory and the processes of observational learning and reinforcement. The document then covers topics like gender identity development, the influence of parents and culture on socialization, and theories of moral development including Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning.
10ºH Catarina, Gonçalo, João
The document describes a youth development program called P.A.C.S.I.S that focuses on developing youth in 6 key areas over 4 years. The areas are physical, affective, character, spiritual, intellectual, and social. Each area is described in terms of its main developments during adolescence such as performance and self-knowledge for the physical area. A class project example is given that combines elements from each area through group tasks and reflection.
Socialization practices & influencing factors & impact of
This document discusses socialization and the impact of social-emotional deprivation at different developmental stages. It defines socialization and the key agents and processes involved, including primary and secondary socialization. It examines research on social isolation using examples like Harry Harlow's monkey experiments. Critical periods of development are outlined, and cases of feral children like Genie who experienced severe deprivation are described. The document outlines developmental issues associated with deprivation, like impaired language and social skills. It discusses emotional deprivation and strategies for overcoming deprivation. Finally, it notes trends in research on topics like the parent-infant relationship and pathways from childhood deprivation to adult social exclusion.
Socialization, Social development of mind and emotion, socialization in to ge...
The document discusses a sociology group project on socialization. It includes the group members, topics being covered such as socialization, social development, mind and emotions, social interaction, social structure, and socialization in gender. It provides information on the definition of socialization, its purpose, and the socialization process. It also discusses social development in children and social structure and interaction.
Chapter 05
1) Socialization is the process of learning social norms, beliefs, and values from others through social interaction.
2) Theories of self-development include psychological perspectives that see the self emerging through psychosexual stages or life stages, and sociological perspectives that see the self developing through social interactions and interpreting others' reactions.
3) Agents of socialization like family, peers, school, workplace, religion, government, and media help communicate social expectations and reinforce norms during the socialization process across the life course.
Self esteem
Adolescence involves developing a sense of self and identity. Teenagers work to integrate their experiences into a unified sense of who they are. Their cognitive abilities allow for abstract thinking and introspection, helping their self-concept. Peer relationships and support from family also influence identity. Teenagers navigate ideal and actual selves, and work towards a clear, realistic sense of self through exploring social roles and commitments to develop identity. Factors like gender, culture and ethnicity, relationships, and loneliness further shape an adolescent's emerging identity.
Social and emotional development
This document summarizes several theories of social and emotional development in children and adolescents. It discusses Erikson's psychosocial stages of development, Bandura's social learning theory, and Goleman's theory of emotional intelligence. It also covers theories of moral development from Kohlberg, Turiel, and Gilligan. Factors like parenting styles, role models, peer groups, and their influences on identity formation and socialization are described. Exceptional development in gifted children and juvenile delinquents is also addressed.
Similar to Sociology Chapter 4 socialization and the self (20)
Unit 6. Social Identities: The self and/in Interaction
Unit 6. Social Identities: The self and/in Interaction
Chapter 4SocializationThis Chapter Will Help YouDefin
Chapter 4SocializationThis Chapter Will Help YouDefin
Erik Erikson's Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development
Erik Erikson's Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development
Socialization practices & influencing factors & impact of
Socialization practices & influencing factors & impact of
Socialization, Social development of mind and emotion, socialization in to ge...
Socialization, Social development of mind and emotion, socialization in to ge...
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The great war
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The document outlines key events of the Cold War era including the Cuban Missile Crisis where Khrushchev wanted to challenge JFK and remove US influence from Berlin, leading to the closest confrontation between the US and Soviet Union. It also discusses the spread of communism through the Korean and Vietnam Wars, the building of the Berlin Wall to stop East German emigration, and the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 as Gorbachev lost support and republics declared independence. Other global events during this period included Indian independence, the creation of Israel, conflicts in the Middle East, and increasing globalization.
Chapter 31 wwii
The document summarizes key events leading up to World War 2 in Europe, including Japan's invasion of Manchuria, Italy's conquest of Ethiopia, and Germany's remilitarization and annexation of territories in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It then details Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 and swift defeat of the country, followed by Germany's conquest of Denmark, Norway, France, and much of Western Europe in 1940. Britain resisted Germany in the Battle of Britain. In 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union but became bogged down in the siege of Stalingrad, leading to major Soviet victories and the eventual defeat of Nazi Germany by Allied forces invading from the west in 1944-1945.
Chapter 29 the road to wwii
The document summarizes the rise of fascism in Italy and Germany in the early 20th century. It describes how economic struggles led to Mussolini rising to power in Italy. In Germany, the unstable Weimar Republic struggled with inflation and debt following WWI. Adolf Hitler gained popularity by blaming Germany's problems on Jews and communists. He became Chancellor in 1933 and quickly consolidated power, establishing a fascist dictatorship. The Nazi party pursued aggressive rearmament and persecution of Jews, culminating in the "Final Solution" plan during WWII.
Chaper 26 reaction and nationalism
The document discusses political developments in several European countries in the 19th century. It describes how nationalism grew after the Napoleonic Wars and led to the unification of Italy and Germany. For Italy, it discusses Count Cavour's diplomacy that helped create a united Italy by 1861. For Germany, it outlines Bismarck's strategic wars that defeated Denmark, Austria, and France, allowing Prussia to unite most German states by 1871. It also discusses the establishment of the dual monarchy in Austria-Hungary in 1867 in response to revolutions in 1848. For Russia, it notes Alexander II's reforms like emancipating serfs but also increased revolutionary sentiments, leading his successor Alexander III to implement harsher policies
Bolshevik revolution impact of war
The document summarizes key events in Japan, Russia, and Europe following World War 1. In Japan, the Meiji Restoration modernized the country under Western influence. Japan then grew increasingly militaristic and expansionist, annexing Korea in 1910 and invading Manchuria in 1931. In Russia, the Bolshevik Revolution overthrew the Czarist government in 1917 and established the Soviet Union under Lenin and later Stalin. In Europe, Germany struggled with political instability and hyperinflation under the Weimar Republic, while Britain and France also faced economic troubles in the postwar period. The U.S. emerged as a new global power.
Chapter 25 democracy and reform
Democratic reforms spread through England in the 19th century, establishing principles like merit-based government positions, adjusted voting districts, and workers' rights. France experienced repeated political upheavals, overthrowing King Charles X in 1830 after he tried to restore absolutism, and King Louis Philippe in 1848, leading to the rise of Louis Napoleon. Multiple wars weakened France, including defeat by Prussia in 1870, while internal conflicts included the revolutionary Paris Commune being crushed in 1871. The Dreyfus Affair trial divided France along anti-Semitic and pro-Jewish lines but demonstrated the stability of the new Third Republic.
Chapter 24 cultural revolution
This document summarizes major economic, social, scientific, and cultural developments that occurred during the 1800s. It discusses the rise of capitalist ideas with thinkers like Adam Smith and the emergence of socialism with Karl Marx. Significant scientific advancements are noted, including the theories of evolution, genetics, vaccines, and atomic theory. Socially, it describes the abolition of slavery in Britain, new worker protections, population growth, urbanization, and expanded education and leisure activities. In art, the document outlines the Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, and Postimpressionism movements.
Chapter 22 the french revolution
The French Revolution began in 1789 due to growing discontent with the privileges of the nobility and clergy under the Old Regime. The Third Estate demanded political representation and equality, leading them to form the National Assembly. On July 14th, mobs stormed the Bastille prison, beginning widespread violence. The Revolution abolished the monarchy and established a republic, executing King Louis XVI. However, internal unrest and war with other European nations led to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, who established himself as dictator in 1799 and formed a vast empire before his defeat in 1812-1815.
Chapter 21 english civil war
The English Revolution occurred due to opposition to the increasingly absolute rule of the Crown. Under Elizabeth I, Parliament gained power, but James I and Charles I both believed in the divine right of kings and repeatedly dissolved Parliament over taxation issues. This led to the English Civil War between Charles I and the Puritan-led Parliament, culminating in Charles' execution in 1649. Oliver Cromwell ruled as Lord Protector until 1660, when the monarchy was restored under Charles II with constitutional limits on the king's power. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 established Parliament as the primary ruler and required future monarchs to be Protestants.
Chapter 20 scientific revolution
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Reformation
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Northern renaissance
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Chapter 17 early explorations
Europeans explored the world in the 15th-16th centuries seeking new trade routes to Asia and its riches. Portugal pioneered exploration down the coast of Africa. Under Spain, Columbus landed in the Caribbean in 1492 thinking he reached Asia. Magellan proved in 1522 that the world was round by circumnavigating it and establishing no direct western route to Asia existed. Portugal dominated trade in Africa and India, while Spain sought wealth and conversion in the Americas, conquering the Aztecs and Incas. The Atlantic slave trade developed to support colonial economies through a trade triangle of Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The Columbian Exchange resulted in new global trade and the spread of crops, diseases, and ideas worldwide
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Sociology Chapter 4 socialization and the self
- 1. Importance of Socialization Ch. 4, Sec. 1 pp. 108-114 Describe the self concept you have of yourself and the looking glass self others have for you. Are they different?
- 2. Socialization and Personality Socialization is the cultural process of learning to participate in group life Youth is most important time for socialization Personal and social development occurs only through prolonged social contact with others
- 3. Socialization and the Self Ch. 4, Sec. 2, pp.115-119
- 4. Symbolic Interactionism Self Concept: image of yourself as having an identity separate from other people Looking Glass Self 1. 2. 3. How do we appear to others (imagined) What is their reaction to our appearance Evaluate ourselves based on this imagined perception Distortions? Significant others?
- 5. Role Taking Imitation Stage Play Stage Game Stage Generalized Other-Have you reached this stage? REACTIONS OF THE SELF “ME”-created through socialization ~“Ego” “I”-spontaneous impulses~ “Id”
- 6. Agents of Socialization Ch. 4, Sec. 3&4, pp. 121-132
- 7. Family Learn norms, values, and beliefs Learn to develop relationships Acquire self image Obtain social class
- 8. Schools Children are cared for by someone other than parents More impersonal relationships
- 9. Schools Hidden Curriculum-unofficial skills children are taught in preparation for life Extracurricular Activities
- 10. Peer Group Composed of individuals of roughly the same age and interests Provide sense of belonging Not under adult control Experience in areas of conflict, competition, and cooperation
- 11. Peer Group Independence, freedom to express yourself May develop values that conflict with the adult world Relationships with the opposite sex Peer pressure
- 12. Mass Media Methods of communication to reach the general population Either helps sustain status quo or moves society towards change Display role models to imitate Teach Values Show achievement, success, and hard work
- 13. Violence and Mass Media By 16 years of age you will have seen 20,000 homicides Correlation between watching violence and aggressive behavior?
- 14. Processes of Socialization Ch. 4 Sec. 4
- 15. Process of Socialization Total Institutions are used to change previously learned behavior Desocialization-process of giving up old norms, values, and attitudes. Destroys your personal identity Resocialization-process by which you adopt new norms, values, beliefs, and attitudes.
- 16. Process of Socialization Anticipatory Socialization-process of preparing in advance for new norms, values, and attitudes. Reference Group-A group you use to evaluate yourself and where you gain your norms, beliefs, and values