Chapter 29 the road to wwii
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The document summarizes the rise of fascism in Italy and Germany in the early 20th century. It describes how economic struggles led to Mussolini rising to power in Italy. In Germany, the unstable Weimar Republic struggled with inflation and debt following WWI. Adolf Hitler gained popularity by blaming Germany's problems on Jews and communists. He became Chancellor in 1933 and quickly consolidated power, establishing a fascist dictatorship. The Nazi party pursued aggressive rearmament and persecution of Jews, culminating in the "Final Solution" plan during WWII.
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Reasons the Nazis gained power - background info
At the end of World War I, revolts across Germany similar to the Russian Revolution led the Kaiser to abdicate. A new German Republic was established in 1919 and governed as the Weimar Republic, named for the city of Weimar where the assembly met, until 1933 when Hitler was appointed Chancellor and dismantled democracy, ending the Weimar system and establishing Nazi control and a fascist dictatorship over Germany.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: ROME-BERLIN AXIS
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: ROME-BERLIN AXIS. Contains: the speech in Milan, Hitler and Mussolini isolated, Realpolitik alliance, historian options, Hitler as an ally, Count Ciano, using each other, united for the ideology, 1938.
France: The Interwar Years (1919-1938)
France suffered tremendous losses in WWI with over 1.6 million deaths. In the interwar period, France prioritized rebuilding and weakening Germany through occupation of the Ruhr Valley and demanding reparations. However, economic instability and the rise of extremism weakened the French government. By 1939, France was unprepared for another war despite efforts to rearm, remaining politically divided in the late 1930s.
Mussolini ppt
After World War I and the Russian Revolution, Fascism rose in Italy led by Benito Mussolini. Mussolini and the Fascists gained popularity by staging riots and posing as upholders of law and order. In 1922, Fascist party bosses marched on Rome and overthrew the government. The king then appointed Mussolini as prime minister. Once in power, Mussolini consolidated his control and established a dictatorship, ending civil liberties in Italy.
Ch.21- What happened after WW1?
After WWI, many European countries struggled with economic and political instability. In Great Britain, veterans returned to high unemployment and debt, while the country provided more welfare support. France gained new territories from Germany but suffered heavy losses and was politically divided. The US initially turned inward but was later impacted by the Great Depression, leading to New Deal programs under FDR. Meanwhile, totalitarian regimes rose in Germany under Hitler, Italy under Mussolini, and Russia under Stalin, concentrating power in single parties and dictators and severely restricting individual freedoms.
The Interwar Years
The document discusses the period leading up to World War II in Europe. It describes how the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, fueling resentment. In the 1920s-30s, the Great Depression created economic despair and rise of fascism in Germany and Italy under Hitler and Mussolini. Hitler gained power legally by exploiting political instability and fear, establishing a racist totalitarian regime. Fascism and militarism also grew in Japan, with military leaders taking control and pursuing imperialist expansion. Overall conditions of turmoil, humiliation and economic crisis paved the way for the authoritarian takeovers that plunged Europe into a second world war.
Reasons the Nazis gained power - Weaknesses of the weimar governments
The Weimar Republic established a democratic system of government with protections for individual rights. However, the use of proportional representation and the election of multiple parties led to unstable coalition governments that struggled to pass legislation. This political instability, combined with a lack of support for the new system from some groups like parts of the military, meant the Weimar Republic had challenges governing Germany from the beginning.
Rise of fascism
Fascism is a far-right ideology characterized by extreme nationalism, a dictator with total control over a single-party state, and the suppression of opposition through intimidation and propaganda. Fascist regimes rose to power in Italy under Mussolini, Germany under Hitler, and Spain under Franco. The rise of fascism was fueled by economic instability after World War 1, dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles, fear of communism following the Russian Revolution, and support from the middle classes who felt politically marginalized.
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Reasons the Nazis gained power - background info
At the end of World War I, revolts across Germany similar to the Russian Revolution led the Kaiser to abdicate. A new German Republic was established in 1919 and governed as the Weimar Republic, named for the city of Weimar where the assembly met, until 1933 when Hitler was appointed Chancellor and dismantled democracy, ending the Weimar system and establishing Nazi control and a fascist dictatorship over Germany.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: ROME-BERLIN AXIS
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: ROME-BERLIN AXIS. Contains: the speech in Milan, Hitler and Mussolini isolated, Realpolitik alliance, historian options, Hitler as an ally, Count Ciano, using each other, united for the ideology, 1938.
France: The Interwar Years (1919-1938)
France suffered tremendous losses in WWI with over 1.6 million deaths. In the interwar period, France prioritized rebuilding and weakening Germany through occupation of the Ruhr Valley and demanding reparations. However, economic instability and the rise of extremism weakened the French government. By 1939, France was unprepared for another war despite efforts to rearm, remaining politically divided in the late 1930s.
Mussolini ppt
After World War I and the Russian Revolution, Fascism rose in Italy led by Benito Mussolini. Mussolini and the Fascists gained popularity by staging riots and posing as upholders of law and order. In 1922, Fascist party bosses marched on Rome and overthrew the government. The king then appointed Mussolini as prime minister. Once in power, Mussolini consolidated his control and established a dictatorship, ending civil liberties in Italy.
Ch.21- What happened after WW1?
After WWI, many European countries struggled with economic and political instability. In Great Britain, veterans returned to high unemployment and debt, while the country provided more welfare support. France gained new territories from Germany but suffered heavy losses and was politically divided. The US initially turned inward but was later impacted by the Great Depression, leading to New Deal programs under FDR. Meanwhile, totalitarian regimes rose in Germany under Hitler, Italy under Mussolini, and Russia under Stalin, concentrating power in single parties and dictators and severely restricting individual freedoms.
The Interwar Years
The document discusses the period leading up to World War II in Europe. It describes how the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany after WWI, fueling resentment. In the 1920s-30s, the Great Depression created economic despair and rise of fascism in Germany and Italy under Hitler and Mussolini. Hitler gained power legally by exploiting political instability and fear, establishing a racist totalitarian regime. Fascism and militarism also grew in Japan, with military leaders taking control and pursuing imperialist expansion. Overall conditions of turmoil, humiliation and economic crisis paved the way for the authoritarian takeovers that plunged Europe into a second world war.
Reasons the Nazis gained power - Weaknesses of the weimar governments
The Weimar Republic established a democratic system of government with protections for individual rights. However, the use of proportional representation and the election of multiple parties led to unstable coalition governments that struggled to pass legislation. This political instability, combined with a lack of support for the new system from some groups like parts of the military, meant the Weimar Republic had challenges governing Germany from the beginning.
Rise of fascism
Fascism is a far-right ideology characterized by extreme nationalism, a dictator with total control over a single-party state, and the suppression of opposition through intimidation and propaganda. Fascist regimes rose to power in Italy under Mussolini, Germany under Hitler, and Spain under Franco. The rise of fascism was fueled by economic instability after World War 1, dissatisfaction with the Treaty of Versailles, fear of communism following the Russian Revolution, and support from the middle classes who felt politically marginalized.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: AIMS MUSSOLINI FOREIGN POLICY
Mussolini pursued an aggressive foreign policy in the 1920s and 1930s driven by his egotism and desire to distract Italians from fascism's failures domestically. He had some early successes like occupying Corfu and Fiume that boosted his popularity. However, his invasion of Abyssinia damaged Italy's reputation and his involvement in the Spanish Civil War and alliance with Hitler led to humiliation and defeat. Ultimately, Mussolini's overconfidence in Italy's power led his foreign policy to fail and breed animosity among Italians.
Fascism
Fascism arose in Italy and Germany in the early 20th century in response to economic crisis and perceived threats from communism. Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy in 1922 after threatening a march on Rome, becoming dictator by 1925 and banning all other parties. Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933 and soon established a Nazi dictatorship, outlawing other parties and persecuting minorities like Jews. Both regimes were characterized by extreme nationalism, cults of personality around Mussolini and Hitler, propaganda control, repression of opposition, and racism.
The totalitarian state
The document provides an overview of the rise of totalitarian regimes following World War 1. It discusses how the Treaty of Versailles led Germany to resent the guilt and losses imposed on it. The League of Nations was unable to prevent aggression due to lack of support from major powers. This created a vacuum for non-traditional political solutions like fascism in Italy and Germany. Mussolini rose to power in Italy amid economic and political instability after WWI. He transformed Italy into a dictatorship and crushed opposition while maintaining Catholic support through agreements with the Vatican.
Weimar republic ivan
The Weimar Republic was established in Germany in 1919 after the Kaiser fled following World War I. It aimed to create a democratic government but faced significant challenges from right-wing groups who believed Germany was betrayed in the war. Paramilitary groups like the Freikorps and left-wing groups like the Spartacists engaged in revolts and uprisings that destabilized the new republic. In the early 1920s, France occupied Germany's industrial Ruhr region, crippling the economy and leading to hyperinflation until a new Chancellor, Gustav Stresemann, stabilized the currency and economy in 1923.
Italy And Fascism
The document provides an overview of Italy from unification in 1861 through World War 2 and the rise of fascism. It discusses Italy's entry into WWI in 1915 with the goal of territorial gains, the economic struggles in the postwar period, and the March on Rome in 1922 that brought Mussolini and the Fascists to power. It also outlines Italy's alliance with Germany leading up to WWII and role in the Mediterranean theater during the war.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: MUSSOLINI DIPLOMACY BETWEEN 1923 AND 1934
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: MUSSOLINI DIPLOMACY BETWEEN 1923 AND 1934. Contains: Mussolini main policy aims, methods and strategies 1920-1924, 1925-1935, 1936-1945, key successes and failures, judgement and effect of policies, homework.
Rise New Leaders & Ideas - Europe 1930s
The document discusses the rise of new political ideologies and leaders in Europe during the 1930s. It introduces totalitarianism and describes its key characteristics, including complete government control over all aspects of society, nationalism, censorship, propaganda, a single charismatic leader, and conformity. It then profiles the main totalitarian ideologies that emerged during this period: communism under Joseph Stalin, fascism under Benito Mussolini, and Nazism under Adolf Hitler. The document also outlines some of the key organizations and policies used by the Nazi regime in Germany to maintain control, and discusses the failed policy of appeasement used by countries towards Nazi Germany that ultimately contributed to the start of World War II.
Weimar republic felie
The Weimar Republic faced challenges from radical left and right forces from its beginning in 1918. The Freikorps were paramilitary groups composed of ex-soldiers and others that opposed radical left groups like the Spartacists and provided support for the young republic. In 1921 and 1923, the French occupied the industrial Ruhr region in response to Germany falling behind on reparations payments, crippling the German economy until the Dawes Plan was adopted in 1924. Gustav Stresemann served as foreign minister and chancellor in the 1920s and worked to negotiate international agreements to stabilize Germany. The 1920 Kapp Putsch was an attempted right-wing coup to overthrow the Weimar government.
Rise of mussolini
1) After WWI, Italy faced economic and political problems including unemployment among veterans, economic depression, and a weak government split along factional lines. This led to unrest and rise of militant leftist groups.
2) Mussolini, originally a socialist, formed the fascist party and utilized militant tactics known as "Black Shirts" to attack socialists. By the 1920s, his party gained popularity and seats in parliament.
3) In 1922, Mussolini threatened a "March on Rome" which intimidated the king into appointing Mussolini as Prime Minister. By 1925 Mussolini had seized dictatorial powers and established a fascist single-party state, abolishing opposition and instituting propaganda and a secret
The weimar republic agu
The Weimar Republic refers to Germany's government between 1918-1933 after World War 1. It attempted to create a liberal democracy in Germany which had little experience with liberalism or democracy. The Freikorps were ex-soldiers who remained armed and opposed the new government. They helped defeat a communist uprising led by the Spartacists in 1919 but the government had little control over them, contributing to instability. France occupied the Ruhr region in 1923 when Germany missed reparation payments, worsening inflation. The Locarno Treaty of 1925 stabilized relations as Germany agreed to its new borders with France and Belgium. However, the Kapp Putsch of 1920 showed the government could not enforce its authority and relied on public strikes to maintain
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: THE PACT OF STEEL
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: THE PACT OF STEEL. Contains: general overview, opposition, different agendas, pact of steel, humiliation for Mussolini, military deficient Italy, Germany's vision.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY REVISION - AGE OF EXTREMISM: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Mussolini's foreign policy aimed to restore Italy's power and make the Mediterranean under Italian control. His invasion of Abyssinia in 1935 marked a shift to a more aggressive approach as he sought domestic support. By 1939 he had allied with Hitler but had achieved little of real value for Italy. The disunity of Republican forces and support for Franco from Germany and Italy contributed to the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War. Hitler rapidly expanded German power by remilitarizing the Rhineland, annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia. The Nazi-Soviet pact allowed the invasion of Poland but worried German generals as it expanded the war.
Reasons the Nazis gained power - Appeal of Hitler and the Nazis
The German Workers' Party was an obscure political group that Hitler joined and took over as leader. He renamed it the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) and used his skills as an orator to promote the party's message at huge rallies, attracting thousands of supporters. Though an early attempt by Hitler to seize power in the Beer Hall Putsch failed, he was able to grow the Nazi Party's influence through propaganda and by addressing Germans' grievances over the Treaty of Versailles and economic hardship during the Depression.
Fascism and Nazism
The document defines nationalism, fascism, and Nazism. It discusses the rise of extreme nationalism in Europe prior to World War 1, specifically focusing on the rise of the Nazi party in Germany and the fascist party in Italy led by Mussolini. It explains how Hitler and Mussolini rose to power in their countries in part by appealing to nationalist sentiments and establishing totalitarian regimes based on extreme nationalism, cultural superiority, and opposition to communism.
Weimar and Nazi Germany
This document provides an overview of key events in early Nazi Germany from 1919 to 1929:
1. It outlines the founding of the Nazi party and highlights from their 25-point programme.
2. It describes Hitler's failed Munich Putsch of 1923 and how he used the subsequent trial to publicize the party.
3. It explains how the Nazis organized and expanded their propaganda efforts from 1924-1929 to appeal especially to the middle class, targeting their fears and grievances.
4. Despite these efforts, the Nazis struggled to gain widespread popularity and support during the relatively stable years under the Weimar Republic's Stresemann era.
NAZI GERMANY: HITLER RISE TO POWER 1919-1933
This document provides biographical information about Adolf Hitler. It describes that he was born in Austria and wanted to be an artist but was rejected from art school. During WWI he fought for Germany and was inspired by nationalist ideas. After the war he joined the Nazi party which he transformed into a mass movement. The Nazi party gained popularity by blaming Jews and others for Germany's defeat in WWI and economic problems. Hitler led the failed Munich Putsch in 1923 but used the time in prison to write Mein Kampf outlining his ideology. The Nazis continued to grow in the late 1920s gaining more support as Germany struggled with high unemployment and inflation during the Great Depression.
Road to War
The document summarizes the rise of fascism in Europe in the 1930s and the US policy of neutrality in response. It describes how Germany, Italy, and Japan increasingly violated international law by invading other nations. The US pursued appeasement and isolationism through acts like the Neutrality Act. After Germany invaded Poland in 1939 starting WWII, the US began increasing defense spending but remained officially neutral until the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor.
Geschiedenis german nazism
German Nazism promoted ideas of German racial superiority and blamed Jews for Germany's problems, calling for their removal. The Nazi party rose to power in the 1930s by exploiting economic instability and fears of communism. It established a totalitarian dictatorship under Hitler that aggressively pursued territorial expansion, genocide of Jews and other groups, and the creation of a racially-pure German society through eugenics and forced assimilation policies.
The rise of fascism
The document discusses the rise of fascism in Europe following World War 1 and the Great Depression. It describes how fascism first came to power in Italy under Mussolini after a period of social and economic instability. It then explains how fascist movements and governments also emerged in other countries like Germany under Hitler, Spain under Franco, and for a time in Australia. The document attributes the spread of fascism to issues like nationalism, economic troubles, and opposition to communism and socialism following World War 1.
The Interwar Years
Karl Marx founded communism in response to the 1848 revolutions and wrote the Communist Manifesto. Vladimir Lenin led the Russian Revolution that overthrew the tsar and established the Soviet Union, which he initially led before Joseph Stalin took control and centralized power. Stalin purged his enemies, leaving the Soviet Union feeling secure by 1939. Japan modernized after the Meiji Restoration and became an imperial power that expanded into Manchuria and China by 1937. Germany's Weimar Republic failed following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles, allowing fascism and Adolf Hitler to rise to power as he remilitarized Germany and expanded its territory rapidly by 1939.
His 122 ch 28 the second world war part 1
The document provides an overview of World War 2 and the rise of totalitarian regimes in the Soviet Union, Italy, and Germany in the early 20th century. It summarizes that Stalin consolidated power in the Soviet Union through collectivization, industrialization, and the Great Terror. Mussolini rose to power in Italy amid economic and political instability after WWI. Hitler and the Nazis capitalized on Germany's defeat in WWI and economic depression to gain popular support and consolidate power, becoming Chancellor in 1933 and establishing a fascist dictatorship.
Fascism
Fascist regimes arose in Italy and Germany in the early 20th century led by Mussolini and Hitler respectively. Both dictators rose to power by exploiting economic instability, popular discontent over territorial losses after WWI, and promoting nationalist, anti-Semitic, and authoritarian ideologies. Their regimes established totalitarian control and aggressively expanded territory through military force, until they were eventually defeated during World War II as Germany and Italy fell to the Allied powers.
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CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: AIMS MUSSOLINI FOREIGN POLICY
Mussolini pursued an aggressive foreign policy in the 1920s and 1930s driven by his egotism and desire to distract Italians from fascism's failures domestically. He had some early successes like occupying Corfu and Fiume that boosted his popularity. However, his invasion of Abyssinia damaged Italy's reputation and his involvement in the Spanish Civil War and alliance with Hitler led to humiliation and defeat. Ultimately, Mussolini's overconfidence in Italy's power led his foreign policy to fail and breed animosity among Italians.
Fascism
Fascism arose in Italy and Germany in the early 20th century in response to economic crisis and perceived threats from communism. Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy in 1922 after threatening a march on Rome, becoming dictator by 1925 and banning all other parties. Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany in 1933 and soon established a Nazi dictatorship, outlawing other parties and persecuting minorities like Jews. Both regimes were characterized by extreme nationalism, cults of personality around Mussolini and Hitler, propaganda control, repression of opposition, and racism.
The totalitarian state
The document provides an overview of the rise of totalitarian regimes following World War 1. It discusses how the Treaty of Versailles led Germany to resent the guilt and losses imposed on it. The League of Nations was unable to prevent aggression due to lack of support from major powers. This created a vacuum for non-traditional political solutions like fascism in Italy and Germany. Mussolini rose to power in Italy amid economic and political instability after WWI. He transformed Italy into a dictatorship and crushed opposition while maintaining Catholic support through agreements with the Vatican.
Weimar republic ivan
The Weimar Republic was established in Germany in 1919 after the Kaiser fled following World War I. It aimed to create a democratic government but faced significant challenges from right-wing groups who believed Germany was betrayed in the war. Paramilitary groups like the Freikorps and left-wing groups like the Spartacists engaged in revolts and uprisings that destabilized the new republic. In the early 1920s, France occupied Germany's industrial Ruhr region, crippling the economy and leading to hyperinflation until a new Chancellor, Gustav Stresemann, stabilized the currency and economy in 1923.
Italy And Fascism
The document provides an overview of Italy from unification in 1861 through World War 2 and the rise of fascism. It discusses Italy's entry into WWI in 1915 with the goal of territorial gains, the economic struggles in the postwar period, and the March on Rome in 1922 that brought Mussolini and the Fascists to power. It also outlines Italy's alliance with Germany leading up to WWII and role in the Mediterranean theater during the war.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: MUSSOLINI DIPLOMACY BETWEEN 1923 AND 1934
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: MUSSOLINI DIPLOMACY BETWEEN 1923 AND 1934. Contains: Mussolini main policy aims, methods and strategies 1920-1924, 1925-1935, 1936-1945, key successes and failures, judgement and effect of policies, homework.
Rise New Leaders & Ideas - Europe 1930s
The document discusses the rise of new political ideologies and leaders in Europe during the 1930s. It introduces totalitarianism and describes its key characteristics, including complete government control over all aspects of society, nationalism, censorship, propaganda, a single charismatic leader, and conformity. It then profiles the main totalitarian ideologies that emerged during this period: communism under Joseph Stalin, fascism under Benito Mussolini, and Nazism under Adolf Hitler. The document also outlines some of the key organizations and policies used by the Nazi regime in Germany to maintain control, and discusses the failed policy of appeasement used by countries towards Nazi Germany that ultimately contributed to the start of World War II.
Weimar republic felie
The Weimar Republic faced challenges from radical left and right forces from its beginning in 1918. The Freikorps were paramilitary groups composed of ex-soldiers and others that opposed radical left groups like the Spartacists and provided support for the young republic. In 1921 and 1923, the French occupied the industrial Ruhr region in response to Germany falling behind on reparations payments, crippling the German economy until the Dawes Plan was adopted in 1924. Gustav Stresemann served as foreign minister and chancellor in the 1920s and worked to negotiate international agreements to stabilize Germany. The 1920 Kapp Putsch was an attempted right-wing coup to overthrow the Weimar government.
Rise of mussolini
1) After WWI, Italy faced economic and political problems including unemployment among veterans, economic depression, and a weak government split along factional lines. This led to unrest and rise of militant leftist groups.
2) Mussolini, originally a socialist, formed the fascist party and utilized militant tactics known as "Black Shirts" to attack socialists. By the 1920s, his party gained popularity and seats in parliament.
3) In 1922, Mussolini threatened a "March on Rome" which intimidated the king into appointing Mussolini as Prime Minister. By 1925 Mussolini had seized dictatorial powers and established a fascist single-party state, abolishing opposition and instituting propaganda and a secret
The weimar republic agu
The Weimar Republic refers to Germany's government between 1918-1933 after World War 1. It attempted to create a liberal democracy in Germany which had little experience with liberalism or democracy. The Freikorps were ex-soldiers who remained armed and opposed the new government. They helped defeat a communist uprising led by the Spartacists in 1919 but the government had little control over them, contributing to instability. France occupied the Ruhr region in 1923 when Germany missed reparation payments, worsening inflation. The Locarno Treaty of 1925 stabilized relations as Germany agreed to its new borders with France and Belgium. However, the Kapp Putsch of 1920 showed the government could not enforce its authority and relied on public strikes to maintain
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: THE PACT OF STEEL
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: THE PACT OF STEEL. Contains: general overview, opposition, different agendas, pact of steel, humiliation for Mussolini, military deficient Italy, Germany's vision.
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY REVISION - AGE OF EXTREMISM: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Mussolini's foreign policy aimed to restore Italy's power and make the Mediterranean under Italian control. His invasion of Abyssinia in 1935 marked a shift to a more aggressive approach as he sought domestic support. By 1939 he had allied with Hitler but had achieved little of real value for Italy. The disunity of Republican forces and support for Franco from Germany and Italy contributed to the Nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War. Hitler rapidly expanded German power by remilitarizing the Rhineland, annexing Austria and Czechoslovakia. The Nazi-Soviet pact allowed the invasion of Poland but worried German generals as it expanded the war.
Reasons the Nazis gained power - Appeal of Hitler and the Nazis
The German Workers' Party was an obscure political group that Hitler joined and took over as leader. He renamed it the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nazi Party) and used his skills as an orator to promote the party's message at huge rallies, attracting thousands of supporters. Though an early attempt by Hitler to seize power in the Beer Hall Putsch failed, he was able to grow the Nazi Party's influence through propaganda and by addressing Germans' grievances over the Treaty of Versailles and economic hardship during the Depression.
Fascism and Nazism
The document defines nationalism, fascism, and Nazism. It discusses the rise of extreme nationalism in Europe prior to World War 1, specifically focusing on the rise of the Nazi party in Germany and the fascist party in Italy led by Mussolini. It explains how Hitler and Mussolini rose to power in their countries in part by appealing to nationalist sentiments and establishing totalitarian regimes based on extreme nationalism, cultural superiority, and opposition to communism.
Weimar and Nazi Germany
This document provides an overview of key events in early Nazi Germany from 1919 to 1929:
1. It outlines the founding of the Nazi party and highlights from their 25-point programme.
2. It describes Hitler's failed Munich Putsch of 1923 and how he used the subsequent trial to publicize the party.
3. It explains how the Nazis organized and expanded their propaganda efforts from 1924-1929 to appeal especially to the middle class, targeting their fears and grievances.
4. Despite these efforts, the Nazis struggled to gain widespread popularity and support during the relatively stable years under the Weimar Republic's Stresemann era.
NAZI GERMANY: HITLER RISE TO POWER 1919-1933
This document provides biographical information about Adolf Hitler. It describes that he was born in Austria and wanted to be an artist but was rejected from art school. During WWI he fought for Germany and was inspired by nationalist ideas. After the war he joined the Nazi party which he transformed into a mass movement. The Nazi party gained popularity by blaming Jews and others for Germany's defeat in WWI and economic problems. Hitler led the failed Munich Putsch in 1923 but used the time in prison to write Mein Kampf outlining his ideology. The Nazis continued to grow in the late 1920s gaining more support as Germany struggled with high unemployment and inflation during the Great Depression.
Road to War
The document summarizes the rise of fascism in Europe in the 1930s and the US policy of neutrality in response. It describes how Germany, Italy, and Japan increasingly violated international law by invading other nations. The US pursued appeasement and isolationism through acts like the Neutrality Act. After Germany invaded Poland in 1939 starting WWII, the US began increasing defense spending but remained officially neutral until the 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor.
Geschiedenis german nazism
German Nazism promoted ideas of German racial superiority and blamed Jews for Germany's problems, calling for their removal. The Nazi party rose to power in the 1930s by exploiting economic instability and fears of communism. It established a totalitarian dictatorship under Hitler that aggressively pursued territorial expansion, genocide of Jews and other groups, and the creation of a racially-pure German society through eugenics and forced assimilation policies.
The rise of fascism
The document discusses the rise of fascism in Europe following World War 1 and the Great Depression. It describes how fascism first came to power in Italy under Mussolini after a period of social and economic instability. It then explains how fascist movements and governments also emerged in other countries like Germany under Hitler, Spain under Franco, and for a time in Australia. The document attributes the spread of fascism to issues like nationalism, economic troubles, and opposition to communism and socialism following World War 1.
The Interwar Years
Karl Marx founded communism in response to the 1848 revolutions and wrote the Communist Manifesto. Vladimir Lenin led the Russian Revolution that overthrew the tsar and established the Soviet Union, which he initially led before Joseph Stalin took control and centralized power. Stalin purged his enemies, leaving the Soviet Union feeling secure by 1939. Japan modernized after the Meiji Restoration and became an imperial power that expanded into Manchuria and China by 1937. Germany's Weimar Republic failed following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles, allowing fascism and Adolf Hitler to rise to power as he remilitarized Germany and expanded its territory rapidly by 1939.
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CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: AIMS MUSSOLINI FOREIGN POLICY
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CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: MUSSOLINI DIPLOMACY BETWEEN 1923 AND 1934
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY: MUSSOLINI DIPLOMACY BETWEEN 1923 AND 1934
CAMBRIDGE AS HISTORY REVISION - AGE OF EXTREMISM: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Reasons the Nazis gained power - Appeal of Hitler and the Nazis
Reasons the Nazis gained power - Appeal of Hitler and the Nazis
Similar to Chapter 29 the road to wwii
His 122 ch 28 the second world war part 1
The document provides an overview of World War 2 and the rise of totalitarian regimes in the Soviet Union, Italy, and Germany in the early 20th century. It summarizes that Stalin consolidated power in the Soviet Union through collectivization, industrialization, and the Great Terror. Mussolini rose to power in Italy amid economic and political instability after WWI. Hitler and the Nazis capitalized on Germany's defeat in WWI and economic depression to gain popular support and consolidate power, becoming Chancellor in 1933 and establishing a fascist dictatorship.
Fascism
Fascist regimes arose in Italy and Germany in the early 20th century led by Mussolini and Hitler respectively. Both dictators rose to power by exploiting economic instability, popular discontent over territorial losses after WWI, and promoting nationalist, anti-Semitic, and authoritarian ideologies. Their regimes established totalitarian control and aggressively expanded territory through military force, until they were eventually defeated during World War II as Germany and Italy fell to the Allied powers.
World history the rise of dictatorship and
1. Benito Mussolini rose to power in Italy in the aftermath of World War 1 by capitalizing on nationalist sentiment and economic instability. He created the Fascist party and used militant squads known as Blackshirts to intimidate opponents. By 1926 he had become the totalitarian dictator of Italy.
2. The Weimar Republic in Germany was weakened by the harsh Treaty of Versailles after World War 1, which imposed heavy reparations and restrictions. Economic turmoil in the late 1920s allowed Adolf Hitler and the Nazis to rise to power.
3. After World War 1, Adolf Hitler joined the German Workers Party which he transformed into the Nazi party. His Beer Hall Putsch failed but gained him attention. Imprisoned
3. The rise of totalitarianism. fascism and nazism
In the years following World War 1 and the Great Depression, some European countries turned to totalitarian regimes like fascism and Nazism. Countries like Germany and Italy adopted one-party states led by dictators like Hitler and Mussolini that eliminated democracy and freedoms. They gained support from those hurt by economic troubles and those who opposed communism. Totalitarian states had complete government control over all aspects of society through propaganda, censorship, and repression of opposition.
8. The Interwar period
The document summarizes key events and developments in Europe during the interwar period following World War 1. It discusses the global economic imbalances that emerged, with the US as the leading power and European nations indebted. The Great Depression started with the 1929 Wall Street crash and led to widespread unemployment and economic crisis. Totalitarian regimes arose in Germany and Italy as democratic governments struggled with unrest. Nazi Germany established a totalitarian state under Hitler focused on racial ideology and rearmament for expansion.
Chapter 17 section 1 notes
1) In the 1930s, several dictators rose to power taking advantage of economic crisis and instability following World War 1. These included Josef Stalin in the Soviet Union, Benito Mussolini in Italy, and Adolf Hitler in Germany.
2) Stalin pursued policies like rapid industrialization and farming collectivization that had terrible human costs, including over 1 million executions.
3) Mussolini consolidated power by intimidating opponents with his paramilitary Blackshirts and suspending elections. He improved Italy's economy and invaded Ethiopia in 1936.
4) Hitler rose to power by exploiting German frustrations over the Treaty of Versailles, gaining popularity for the Nazi party. He was appointed chancellor in 1933 and quickly consolidated
Causes of world war ii
The document summarizes several key causes that led to World War II:
1) After World War I, Western democracies like Britain, France and the US were weakened by the war's destruction while extremist political parties gained popularity amid economic struggles and rising unemployment.
2) In Germany, the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms that angered citizens and destabilized the Weimar Republic, allowing the rise of Hitler and Nazism.
3) Italy also faced economic troubles in the aftermath of WWI, fueling support for Mussolini's fascist ideology and takeover.
4) In Russia, Stalin consolidated power as a totalitarian dictator after Lenin's death and established a repressive regime through propaganda
How far did the Weimar Republic recover 1919 29.docx
The Weimar Republic recovered in the mid-1920s due to the leadership of Gustav Stresemann and the economic prosperity brought by the Dawes Plan, which provided American loans. This led to a period of cultural flowering in Germany. However, the recovery was dependent on American money and economic success. When the Great Depression hit in 1929, it revealed the underlying weaknesses of the Weimar system and allowed Hitler to rise to power by exploiting German resentment over Versailles and campaigning on a message of hatred, especially against Jews. By January 1933, with growing support for the Nazis, President Hindenburg mistakenly appointed Hitler as Chancellor, believing he could control him.
Rise of Dictators
1. After WWI, Italy and Germany faced difficult economic conditions which led to the rise of dictators like Mussolini and Hitler who promised to return their countries to glory.
2. Mussolini created fascist "blackshirt" units that intimidated political opponents, allowing him to take power in Italy. In Germany, Hitler exploited people's desperation and blamed Jews for their problems, rising to power through his Nazi party and paramilitary brownshirts.
3. Once in power, dictators eliminated opposition through secret police, imprisonment, and violence. They consolidated control and imposed totalitarian regimes focused on militarism, nationalism, and often brutal repression of citizens. Millions suffered under these new dictatorships.
Interwar period
Interwar, soviet, russian, revolution, fascism, nazism, totalitarian, economic, depression, 1929, stock exchange, Roosevelt, Keynes
Rise of totalitarian_dictators
The document discusses the rise of totalitarian leaders in Europe in the 1920s and 1930s after World War 1 and the Great Depression. It describes Joseph Stalin establishing communist rule in the Soviet Union, seizing property and using secret police to eliminate opponents. It also discusses Benito Mussolini rising to power in Italy by promising to revive the economy and expanding the country, creating a fascist party. Finally, it talks about Adolf Hitler and the Nazis gaining popularity in Germany by promising to restore national pride and conquer neighboring lands, establishing a dictatorship after becoming Chancellor.
AP WH Chapter 29 PowerPoint
The document summarizes key events in Europe and Asia between 1929 and 1949, including:
1) Stalin's rise to power in the Soviet Union and implementation of authoritarian policies like collectivization and industrialization under the Five-Year Plans.
2) The global Great Depression starting with the 1929 stock market crash, which impacted Germany and Japan more severely and led to the rise of fascism.
3) World War 2, in which Germany and Japan aggressively expanded their territories until defeated by the Allied powers of the US, Britain, Soviet Union and China.
4) The war saw unprecedented death and human suffering due to new technologies and strategic bombing of civilians, as well as the Holocaust carried out by Nazi Germany
The World After Ww1
The document summarizes postwar conditions in several European countries after World War 1. Britain faced high taxes, economic issues like strikes, and debt from the war. France had vast amounts of destroyed land and infrastructure. Germany transitioned to a democratic republic but faced currency devaluation and economic struggles. Italy emerged weakened from the war despite being a victor. The rise of fascist leaders like Mussolini and Hitler began amid economic and nationalist tensions. Stalin took control in the Soviet Union and instituted authoritarian policies and rapid industrialization. Conditions were ripe for the rise of aggression and a potential second world war.
Rise of totalitarian dictators
After World War I, many European nations struggled economically and politically. Totalitarian dictators rose to power, promising stability and return to nationalist glory. These included Stalin in the Soviet Union, Mussolini in Italy, and Hitler in Germany. They consolidated total control over government and society through secret police, censorship, and eliminating political opposition. Their aggressive expansionism, particularly Germany and Japan's invasions of neighboring lands, heightened tensions and ultimately led to the start of World War II.
Notes on International Relations in the 20th Century
Junior Certificate History notes on International Relations in the Twentieth Century. For students in the Irish Second Level Education System
Fascism
Fascism rose in Europe in the early 20th century. In Italy, Benito Mussolini founded the fascist party and seized power in 1922, becoming the dictator known as "Il Duce". He abolished democracy, outlawed other parties, jailed opponents, and censored publications. In Germany, Adolf Hitler rose to power as the leader of the Nazi party, becoming Chancellor in 1933. He banned other parties, imprisoned opponents, and used propaganda to ensure obedience. Anti-Semitism was a key part of Nazi ideology, and laws were passed stripping rights from Jewish people.
Lesson 1 Dictators & War
Totalitarian states arose in several European and Asian countries in the 1930s in response to economic hardship and nationalist sentiment following World War I. These regimes, led by figures like Stalin, Mussolini, and Hitler, promised to restore prosperity but ruled through oppression and violence. They pursued aggressive expansionist policies, with Germany rearming and invading neighboring lands while Japan invaded Manchuria and parts of China. Britain and France responded weakly, pursuing appeasement rather than standing up to the growing threats to peace.
Fascism and nationalism
During the 1920s and 1930s, totalitarian regimes emerged in Italy, Germany, and the Soviet Union. These regimes were authoritarian and characterized by a single leader like Mussolini, Hitler, or Stalin who controlled all aspects of government, eliminated political opposition, and emphasized propaganda and nationalism. They imposed strict social and economic controls over their populations. The best known were Italian Fascism under Mussolini and German Nazism under Hitler.
9 his(nazism)
The document provides background information on the rise of Nazism in Germany. It describes how Germany was defeated in World War I and faced harsh conditions in the Treaty of Versailles. This created economic and political instability under the Weimar Republic. When the Great Depression hit, the Nazi party gained support by promising to restore Germany's power and dignity. Hitler took over the Nazi party in 1919 and rose to power as Chancellor in 1933, establishing a dictatorship after the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act.
Nazism
The Nazi ideology was based on racial hierarchy and anti-Semitism. It promoted the supremacy of the Nordic/Aryan race over all others. The Nazis believed the Aryan race had to retain purity and dominate the world, borrowing ideas from social Darwinism about survival of the fittest. They considered Jews and other non-Aryan groups as undesirable and a threat to the German nation.
Similar to Chapter 29 the road to wwii (20)
3. The rise of totalitarianism. fascism and nazism
3. The rise of totalitarianism. fascism and nazism
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More from Kent Hansen
The great war
The document summarizes the origins and key events of World War I. Rising international tensions due to imperialism, nationalism, and military buildup contributed to the outbreak of war. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand provided the spark that ignited the powder keg of alliances, pulling countries into war. The war became a stalemate and dragged on for years with new weapons and unprecedented casualties on both sides. Germany was ultimately defeated in 1918 and faced severe consequences in the Treaty of Versailles.
Cold war era
The document outlines key events of the Cold War era including the Cuban Missile Crisis where Khrushchev wanted to challenge JFK and remove US influence from Berlin, leading to the closest confrontation between the US and Soviet Union. It also discusses the spread of communism through the Korean and Vietnam Wars, the building of the Berlin Wall to stop East German emigration, and the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 as Gorbachev lost support and republics declared independence. Other global events during this period included Indian independence, the creation of Israel, conflicts in the Middle East, and increasing globalization.
Chapter 31 wwii
The document summarizes key events leading up to World War 2 in Europe, including Japan's invasion of Manchuria, Italy's conquest of Ethiopia, and Germany's remilitarization and annexation of territories in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. It then details Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 and swift defeat of the country, followed by Germany's conquest of Denmark, Norway, France, and much of Western Europe in 1940. Britain resisted Germany in the Battle of Britain. In 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union but became bogged down in the siege of Stalingrad, leading to major Soviet victories and the eventual defeat of Nazi Germany by Allied forces invading from the west in 1944-1945.
Chaper 26 reaction and nationalism
The document discusses political developments in several European countries in the 19th century. It describes how nationalism grew after the Napoleonic Wars and led to the unification of Italy and Germany. For Italy, it discusses Count Cavour's diplomacy that helped create a united Italy by 1861. For Germany, it outlines Bismarck's strategic wars that defeated Denmark, Austria, and France, allowing Prussia to unite most German states by 1871. It also discusses the establishment of the dual monarchy in Austria-Hungary in 1867 in response to revolutions in 1848. For Russia, it notes Alexander II's reforms like emancipating serfs but also increased revolutionary sentiments, leading his successor Alexander III to implement harsher policies
Bolshevik revolution impact of war
The document summarizes key events in Japan, Russia, and Europe following World War 1. In Japan, the Meiji Restoration modernized the country under Western influence. Japan then grew increasingly militaristic and expansionist, annexing Korea in 1910 and invading Manchuria in 1931. In Russia, the Bolshevik Revolution overthrew the Czarist government in 1917 and established the Soviet Union under Lenin and later Stalin. In Europe, Germany struggled with political instability and hyperinflation under the Weimar Republic, while Britain and France also faced economic troubles in the postwar period. The U.S. emerged as a new global power.
Chapter 25 democracy and reform
Democratic reforms spread through England in the 19th century, establishing principles like merit-based government positions, adjusted voting districts, and workers' rights. France experienced repeated political upheavals, overthrowing King Charles X in 1830 after he tried to restore absolutism, and King Louis Philippe in 1848, leading to the rise of Louis Napoleon. Multiple wars weakened France, including defeat by Prussia in 1870, while internal conflicts included the revolutionary Paris Commune being crushed in 1871. The Dreyfus Affair trial divided France along anti-Semitic and pro-Jewish lines but demonstrated the stability of the new Third Republic.
Chapter 24 cultural revolution
This document summarizes major economic, social, scientific, and cultural developments that occurred during the 1800s. It discusses the rise of capitalist ideas with thinkers like Adam Smith and the emergence of socialism with Karl Marx. Significant scientific advancements are noted, including the theories of evolution, genetics, vaccines, and atomic theory. Socially, it describes the abolition of slavery in Britain, new worker protections, population growth, urbanization, and expanded education and leisure activities. In art, the document outlines the Romanticism, Realism, Impressionism, and Postimpressionism movements.
Chapter 22 the french revolution
The French Revolution began in 1789 due to growing discontent with the privileges of the nobility and clergy under the Old Regime. The Third Estate demanded political representation and equality, leading them to form the National Assembly. On July 14th, mobs stormed the Bastille prison, beginning widespread violence. The Revolution abolished the monarchy and established a republic, executing King Louis XVI. However, internal unrest and war with other European nations led to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte, who established himself as dictator in 1799 and formed a vast empire before his defeat in 1812-1815.
Chapter 21 english civil war
The English Revolution occurred due to opposition to the increasingly absolute rule of the Crown. Under Elizabeth I, Parliament gained power, but James I and Charles I both believed in the divine right of kings and repeatedly dissolved Parliament over taxation issues. This led to the English Civil War between Charles I and the Puritan-led Parliament, culminating in Charles' execution in 1649. Oliver Cromwell ruled as Lord Protector until 1660, when the monarchy was restored under Charles II with constitutional limits on the king's power. The Glorious Revolution of 1688 established Parliament as the primary ruler and required future monarchs to be Protestants.
Chapter 20 scientific revolution
The document summarizes key aspects of the Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment period in Europe. It discusses early scientific theories from Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler that challenged the geocentric model. Isaac Newton then used the scientific method and mathematics to develop theories of gravity and expand on earlier work. During the Enlightenment, philosophers such as Voltaire and Rousseau applied principles of reason and natural rights to critique traditions and argue for reforms. This period saw advances in fields like philosophy, science, and political thought that emphasized rational thought over religious authority and tradition.
Reformation
This document summarizes some of the key events of the Protestant Reformation in Europe between the 16th-17th centuries, including Martin Luther nailing his 95 Theses and being excommunicated, the establishment of the Church of England under Henry VIII and Edward VI, the spread of Calvinism under John Calvin in Switzerland, the Catholic Reformation and Council of Trent, and the political and religious divisions that emerged between Catholic and Protestant states.
Northern renaissance
The Renaissance spread from Italy to Northern Europe in the 15th century after the Hundred Years' War ended. It began in Flanders and was influenced by wealthy rulers who employed Italian artists. Northern Renaissance art had more Christian themes and a focus on realism, as seen in the works of Flemish painters. The printing press also spread ideas. Northern Humanism, exemplified by Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More, focused more on Christianity and education reform than classical texts. Erasmus criticized the exorbitance of church leaders in his book "The Praise of Folly". Shakespeare lived in Elizabethan England and performed at the Globe Theatre, drawing from classics but focusing on human flaws and emotions.
Italian renaissance
The document summarizes key aspects of the Italian Renaissance, including that Italy's location, Roman ruins, and isolated city-states contributed to its emergence. A shift to humanism renewed classical thinking and emphasized education and the individual. Humanist literature focused on personal feelings and ambition. Powerful families ruled independent city-states engaged in diplomacy rather than war. Florence and Rome became cultural centers, with Florence supporting the arts under the Medicis and Rome rebuilt by the wealthy Pope. The Renaissance arts mixed classical and biblical themes and were greatly influenced by humanism.
Chapter 19 royal power and conflict
This document provides an overview of the monarchies in Europe during the Age of Absolutism. It discusses several key monarchs including Philip II of Spain, Elizabeth I of England, Louis XIV of France, and the conflicts between Protestant and Catholic states in the German territories. The main points covered are Philip II's rule over Spain from 1556-1598 and his religious persecution policies, the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, Louis XIV's consolidation of power in France through policies like the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, and the devastation caused by the Thirty Years War in the German states from 1618-1648.
Chapter 17 early explorations
Europeans explored the world in the 15th-16th centuries seeking new trade routes to Asia and its riches. Portugal pioneered exploration down the coast of Africa. Under Spain, Columbus landed in the Caribbean in 1492 thinking he reached Asia. Magellan proved in 1522 that the world was round by circumnavigating it and establishing no direct western route to Asia existed. Portugal dominated trade in Africa and India, while Spain sought wealth and conversion in the Americas, conquering the Aztecs and Incas. The Atlantic slave trade developed to support colonial economies through a trade triangle of Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The Columbian Exchange resulted in new global trade and the spread of crops, diseases, and ideas worldwide
Chapter 6 the roman republic
The document provides an overview of the history of ancient Rome from its founding through the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It describes how the Greeks and Etruscans influenced early Rome and the establishment of the Roman Republic. Key events included the Punic Wars with Carthage and the rise of powerful individuals like Julius Caesar which contributed to the transition from Republic to Empire. The Roman Empire reached its height under strong emperors before experiencing instability, economic problems, and invasions from barbarian groups which ultimately led to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD.
Chapter 5 height of greek civilization
The document discusses several aspects of ancient Greek culture. It describes how the Parthenon was a prime example of Greek architecture and how Greeks excelled at sculpting the human form. It also discusses important Greek philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and how they established foundations for fields like logic, science, and political science. Finally, it summarizes the career of Alexander the Great, how he conquered the Persian Empire and spread Greek culture throughout his realm, establishing many new cities including the important city of Alexandria.
Chapter 4 rise of ancient greece
Greece is a mountainous land of peninsulas and thousands of islands where the Minoans and Mycenaeans established early civilizations. The Greeks developed a polytheistic religion and cultural traditions like drama and the Olympics. City-states called poleis emerged, each centered around an acropolis and temple. Athens and Sparta grew to dominate as rival powers - Athens established a direct democracy while Sparta focused on its powerful military. The Persian Wars united the Greeks against invasion, and a Golden Age followed for Athens under Pericles' leadership, but the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta weakened Greece.
Chapter 13 height of medieval europe
By the 11th century, Christians blamed Jews for their problems and some church leaders required Jews to wear identifying badges. Many Jews were forced from their land and became peddlers and money lenders, with many moving to Eastern Europe. The Crusades began in 1095 when the Pope called knights and peasants to take back the Holy Land from Muslim rule. On their way to Jerusalem, Crusaders killed many Jews and massacred most residents when they conquered the city. Subsequent Crusades failed to retake lost land. The Crusades had lasting effects, including strengthening monarch power in Europe and opening new trade routes after Europeans were exposed to Muslim and Byzantine knowledge.
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Chapter 29 the road to wwii
- 1. The Road To WWII Chapter 29
- 2. Italy Economic struggles led to totalitarianism Mussolini rose to power by preventing a communist take over Blackshirts used force to eliminate Mussolini’s competition Consolidated power in Italy and built up Italy’s Military
- 3. Weimar Republic In 1919, Germans created a democratic republic People never bought into gov’t Owed $35 Billion in reparations High inflation crippled economy In the mid 1920’s Germany began to recover thanks to American loans
- 4. Adolph Hitler Born in Austria (4/20/1889) Only child to survive Influences on Weltanschauung Failure at School Vienna years (1907-1913) Munich Years & WWI WWI War Hero After war joined the board of the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP-Nazis)
- 5. Rise of National Socialism Conservative party consisting mostly of former soldiers in Munich Beerhall Putsch-(10/8/1923) Imitate Mussolini Fails due to leaks in party Tried for Treason-Jail-MeinKampf During mid 20’s prosperity, party lost influence After market crash, Nazi party became very popular
- 6. Hitler Comes to Power During Great Depression, Hitler’s message was heard Political Instability Nazis gain seats in Reichstag (1930- 33) Hitler as Chancellor (1/30/1933) Reichstag Burns (2/27/1933) Blamed Socialists/Communists Feb. 28- “Protection of Ger. People” Reichstag granted Hitler complete power to “fix” Germany
- 7. Gleichshaltung Enabling Act (April 1st , 1933) Law for the Coordination of the States (April 7th , 1933) Restoration of Civil Service Eliminated opposition within own party in 1934 (Night of Long Knives) Hindenburg dies in Aug. 1934 Hitler becomes Fuhrer
- 8. Nuremburg Rallies Wagnerian Opera Unity, Harmony, Strength Filmed and shown as propaganda
- 9. Growth of Germany Promoted industry Built Autobahn Military Rearmament Wanted Germany to be an Autarchy 1936 Olympics 4 Year Plan (1936) to be ready for war Hitler had to keep people happy
- 10. Instrument of Terror: Rise of the SS Led by Heinrich Himmler Embodied the Aryan Ideal Created a police state and a system of terror Developed complex ideology Lebensborne program
- 11. Persecution of the Jews Phase I-Jewish Boycott (1933) Phase II-Social Segregation (1935) Phase III-Violence (1938) Kristallnacht-Nov.9-10 Phase IV-Final Solution 1939-1945
- 12. Policy of Appeasement Geneva Disarmament Conf. (1933) German Rearmament (1935) Remilitarized Rhineland (1936) Alliance with Mussolini Anschluss w/ Austria (Mar. 1938) Sudetenland Crisis (1938)