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Changing research workflows at the
University of Pretoria (UP) and the CSIR:
results of an international survey
Dr Heila Pienaar UP, Dr Martie van Deventer CSIR,
Siphethile Gcukumana CSIR / ARC,
Elsabe Olivier UP, Zenzile Msweli UP
UP Logo CSIR logo
Content
• Background of the international survey
• The survey (international, UP, CSIR)
• Example of the survey
• Examples of the results (data)
• International, UP and CSIR trends
• So what? What should the role of the research
library be?
Background
• Many new websites and online tools have come into
existence to support scholarly communication in all
phases of the research workflow.
• To what extent researchers are using these and more
traditional tools has been largely unknown. This 2015-
2016 survey aimed to fill that gap.
• Its results may help decision making by stakeholders
supporting researchers and may also help researchers
wishing to reflect on their own online workflows.
• In addition, information on tools usage can inform
studies of changing research workflows.
International survey
• The survey ran from the 10th of May 2015 to the
10th of February 2016.
• In over 9 months the survey received 20 663
responses.
• More than 100 academic institutions and
publishers used the custom URL and distributed it
to researchers in their institutions.
• The survey was written in 7 languages which
contributed to the high response rate.
• The response rate is estimated at 1.5%
• The survey is part of an on going effort to chart
the changing landscape of scholarly
communication. http://f1000research.com/articles/5-692/v1
UP & CSIR survey
• Both the University of Pretoria and the CSIR took up
the survey and were each given a unique custom URL
which was then distributed to researchers at these
institutions.
• Period of the survey: 19 January to 10 February
• The University of Pretoria received 183 results (6.5%
response rate) and the CSIR received 43 results (5.7%
response rate)
• NB: This survey (international & local) is a non-
representative survey. Results can not be generalised.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212977413000331
• This is an example of big data research where
hypotheses can be deducted from the data for further
research
• Interesting trends and patterns can also be identified
The Survey
Research workflow tools
Six research workflow phases, with examples of
research workflow tools & sites:
• Discovery: Google Scholar, Paperity, ResearchGate,
Deepdyve, Browzine, Mendeley
• Analysis: R, SPSS, Matlab, OpenSci, Benchfly
• Writing: Word, Google, LaTeX, Scalar, Endnote, Zotero
• Publication: arXiv.org, IR, bioRxiv, GitHub, Figshare,
Dryad, BitBucket, Scopus, SherpaRomeo, Topical
journal, Data journal
• Outreach: Slidehare, Figshare, Speakerdeck, Wikipedia,
Pint of Science, Famelab, ORCID, Adademia.edu
• Assessment: Peerage of Science, PubPeer, PaperCritic,
Altmetric, ImpactStory, Web of Science, Scopus
https://101innovations.files.wordpress.com/2016/02/101-innovations-
survey-english.pdf
Figure 4. Survey response levels per 100 billion US$ GDP (2013).
Kramer B and Bosman J 2016 [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review] F1000Research 2016,
5:692 (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8414.1)
Figure 2. Example of automatic feedback received by survey participants.
Kramer B and Bosman J 2016 [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review] F1000Research 2016,
5:692 (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8414.1)
Questionnaire example
What tool/sites do you use to search
literature/data?
Data example
Most used tools & sites (preset answers)
Research
activity
International University of
Pretoria
CSIR
Discovery Search Google Scholar Google Scholar Google Scholar
Get access Institutional
Access
Institutional
Access
Institutional
Access
Alerts Google Scholar Google Scholar Google Scholar
To read, view &
annotate
Acrobat Reader Acrobat Reader Acrobat Reader
Analysis Data & text MS Excel MS Excel MS Excel
Sharing notes,
protocols &
workflows
Other
(OSF / Dropbox)
Other Other
Writing tools Write and
prepare
manuscripts
MS Word MS Word MS Word
Reference
management
EndNote EndNote Refworks
Most used tools and sites (preset answers)
Research activity International University of
Pretoria
CSIR
Publication tools Archive & share
publications
ResearchGate ResearchGate
Institutional
Repository
Institutional
Repository
ResearchGate
Archive & share data
& codes
Github Other Other
Github
Deciding which
journal to submit a
manuscript to
JCR (impact factors) JCR Scopus
Publishing Topical journal
(traditional)
Topical journal
(traditional)
Topical journal
(traditional)
Outreach tools Archive/share posters
and presentations
Slideshare Slideshare Other
Spreading research
outside academia
Twitter Twitter Twitter
Researcher profiles ResearchGate
Google Scholar
Citations
ResearchGate
Google Scholar
ResearchGate
Google Scholar
Assessment tools Peer review outside
normal Journal peer
review
PubMed Commons
Peerage of Science
Publons
PubMed Commons
PubPeer; Peerage of
Science, PaperCritic
Measure impact Web of Science
JCR
Scopus Scopus
Do you support open access
goals?
• Do you support open science
goals?
90%
3%
7%
Open access goals
Yes
No
I don’t know
86%
4%
10%
Open science goals
Yes
No
I don’t know
UP
CSIR
• Do you support open access goals?
77%
14%
9%
Yes
No
I don’t know
• Do you support open science goals?
82%
9%
9%
Yes
No
I don’t know
What is your research role?
31% of the total respondent
group identified themselves as
professors/assistant professors,
26% as bachelor/masters
students, 16% as PhD students,
9% as post-doctoral students, 5%
as librarians and the remaining
respondents identified
themselves as “other”, publisher
or industry/government
employees.
56
48
29
20
17
10
2
1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Professor/Associate Professor/Assistant Professor
Bachelor/Masters Student
PhD Student
Other
Postdoc
Librarian
Publisher
Industry/Government
UP
What is your Research Role?
39% of the total respondents
identified themselves as
industry/government, 14% as
bachelor/masters students, 12% as
postdoctoral students, 12% as PhD
students, 12% as “other”, 9% as
librarians and the remaining 2%
identified themselves as
professor/associate
professor/assistant professor.
0
1
4
5
5
5
6
17
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Publisher
Professor/Associate Professor/Assistant
Professor
Librarian
Other
PhD Student
Postdoc
Bachelor/Masters Student
Industry/Government
CSIR
So what? What should the role of the
research library be?
• Research libraries and research librarians should
tap into this trove of research workflow data to
identify what their researchers are doing
• More in-depth surveys, e.g. interviews and focus
groups could be used to verify the results in your
institution
• Should research libraries take on the role of
keeping tabs on new research tools and sites, and
train researchers how to use it???
Bibliography
• Kramer B and Bosman J. Innovations in
scholarly communication - global survey on
research tool usage [version 1; referees:
awaiting peer review]. F1000Research 2016,
5:692 (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8414.1)

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Changing research workflows at the University of Pretoria (UP) and the CSIR: results of an international survey

  • 1. Changing research workflows at the University of Pretoria (UP) and the CSIR: results of an international survey Dr Heila Pienaar UP, Dr Martie van Deventer CSIR, Siphethile Gcukumana CSIR / ARC, Elsabe Olivier UP, Zenzile Msweli UP UP Logo CSIR logo
  • 2. Content • Background of the international survey • The survey (international, UP, CSIR) • Example of the survey • Examples of the results (data) • International, UP and CSIR trends • So what? What should the role of the research library be?
  • 3. Background • Many new websites and online tools have come into existence to support scholarly communication in all phases of the research workflow. • To what extent researchers are using these and more traditional tools has been largely unknown. This 2015- 2016 survey aimed to fill that gap. • Its results may help decision making by stakeholders supporting researchers and may also help researchers wishing to reflect on their own online workflows. • In addition, information on tools usage can inform studies of changing research workflows.
  • 4. International survey • The survey ran from the 10th of May 2015 to the 10th of February 2016. • In over 9 months the survey received 20 663 responses. • More than 100 academic institutions and publishers used the custom URL and distributed it to researchers in their institutions. • The survey was written in 7 languages which contributed to the high response rate. • The response rate is estimated at 1.5% • The survey is part of an on going effort to chart the changing landscape of scholarly communication. http://f1000research.com/articles/5-692/v1
  • 5. UP & CSIR survey • Both the University of Pretoria and the CSIR took up the survey and were each given a unique custom URL which was then distributed to researchers at these institutions. • Period of the survey: 19 January to 10 February • The University of Pretoria received 183 results (6.5% response rate) and the CSIR received 43 results (5.7% response rate) • NB: This survey (international & local) is a non- representative survey. Results can not be generalised. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212977413000331 • This is an example of big data research where hypotheses can be deducted from the data for further research • Interesting trends and patterns can also be identified
  • 7. Research workflow tools Six research workflow phases, with examples of research workflow tools & sites: • Discovery: Google Scholar, Paperity, ResearchGate, Deepdyve, Browzine, Mendeley • Analysis: R, SPSS, Matlab, OpenSci, Benchfly • Writing: Word, Google, LaTeX, Scalar, Endnote, Zotero • Publication: arXiv.org, IR, bioRxiv, GitHub, Figshare, Dryad, BitBucket, Scopus, SherpaRomeo, Topical journal, Data journal • Outreach: Slidehare, Figshare, Speakerdeck, Wikipedia, Pint of Science, Famelab, ORCID, Adademia.edu • Assessment: Peerage of Science, PubPeer, PaperCritic, Altmetric, ImpactStory, Web of Science, Scopus https://101innovations.files.wordpress.com/2016/02/101-innovations- survey-english.pdf
  • 8. Figure 4. Survey response levels per 100 billion US$ GDP (2013). Kramer B and Bosman J 2016 [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review] F1000Research 2016, 5:692 (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8414.1)
  • 9. Figure 2. Example of automatic feedback received by survey participants. Kramer B and Bosman J 2016 [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review] F1000Research 2016, 5:692 (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8414.1)
  • 11. What tool/sites do you use to search literature/data? Data example
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Most used tools & sites (preset answers) Research activity International University of Pretoria CSIR Discovery Search Google Scholar Google Scholar Google Scholar Get access Institutional Access Institutional Access Institutional Access Alerts Google Scholar Google Scholar Google Scholar To read, view & annotate Acrobat Reader Acrobat Reader Acrobat Reader Analysis Data & text MS Excel MS Excel MS Excel Sharing notes, protocols & workflows Other (OSF / Dropbox) Other Other Writing tools Write and prepare manuscripts MS Word MS Word MS Word Reference management EndNote EndNote Refworks
  • 15. Most used tools and sites (preset answers) Research activity International University of Pretoria CSIR Publication tools Archive & share publications ResearchGate ResearchGate Institutional Repository Institutional Repository ResearchGate Archive & share data & codes Github Other Other Github Deciding which journal to submit a manuscript to JCR (impact factors) JCR Scopus Publishing Topical journal (traditional) Topical journal (traditional) Topical journal (traditional) Outreach tools Archive/share posters and presentations Slideshare Slideshare Other Spreading research outside academia Twitter Twitter Twitter Researcher profiles ResearchGate Google Scholar Citations ResearchGate Google Scholar ResearchGate Google Scholar Assessment tools Peer review outside normal Journal peer review PubMed Commons Peerage of Science Publons PubMed Commons PubPeer; Peerage of Science, PaperCritic Measure impact Web of Science JCR Scopus Scopus
  • 16. Do you support open access goals? • Do you support open science goals? 90% 3% 7% Open access goals Yes No I don’t know 86% 4% 10% Open science goals Yes No I don’t know UP
  • 17. CSIR • Do you support open access goals? 77% 14% 9% Yes No I don’t know • Do you support open science goals? 82% 9% 9% Yes No I don’t know
  • 18. What is your research role? 31% of the total respondent group identified themselves as professors/assistant professors, 26% as bachelor/masters students, 16% as PhD students, 9% as post-doctoral students, 5% as librarians and the remaining respondents identified themselves as “other”, publisher or industry/government employees. 56 48 29 20 17 10 2 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Professor/Associate Professor/Assistant Professor Bachelor/Masters Student PhD Student Other Postdoc Librarian Publisher Industry/Government UP
  • 19. What is your Research Role? 39% of the total respondents identified themselves as industry/government, 14% as bachelor/masters students, 12% as postdoctoral students, 12% as PhD students, 12% as “other”, 9% as librarians and the remaining 2% identified themselves as professor/associate professor/assistant professor. 0 1 4 5 5 5 6 17 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Publisher Professor/Associate Professor/Assistant Professor Librarian Other PhD Student Postdoc Bachelor/Masters Student Industry/Government CSIR
  • 20. So what? What should the role of the research library be? • Research libraries and research librarians should tap into this trove of research workflow data to identify what their researchers are doing • More in-depth surveys, e.g. interviews and focus groups could be used to verify the results in your institution • Should research libraries take on the role of keeping tabs on new research tools and sites, and train researchers how to use it???
  • 21. Bibliography • Kramer B and Bosman J. Innovations in scholarly communication - global survey on research tool usage [version 1; referees: awaiting peer review]. F1000Research 2016, 5:692 (doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8414.1)