CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION
• CELL CYCLE
The orderly sequence of events by which the cell duplicates its contents and divides into two is termed as the cell cycle. The event is genetically controlled. It consists of two periods-(a) interphase (b)mitosis.
• MITOSIS
Occurs in somatic cells. Equational division. Duplicated chromosomes distributed equally to the daughter cells. Consists of 4 stages –prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
• MEIOSIS
Occurs in germ cells. Involves two sequential cycles that are meiosis I and meiosis II. There is only a single cycle of DNA replication. Meiosis I is initiated after is S phase. Meiosis involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination between them. Four haploid cells are formed called germ cells.
Cell cycle & Mitosis presentation to help understand the basic concepts related to the topic. This topic is included in the Maharashtra Board curriculum for XIth Std Biology paper. All videos inserted in this powerpoint have their respective copyrights. Unauthorized distribution and copying of the same is prohibited
CELL CYCLE AND CELL DIVISION
• CELL CYCLE
The orderly sequence of events by which the cell duplicates its contents and divides into two is termed as the cell cycle. The event is genetically controlled. It consists of two periods-(a) interphase (b)mitosis.
• MITOSIS
Occurs in somatic cells. Equational division. Duplicated chromosomes distributed equally to the daughter cells. Consists of 4 stages –prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
• MEIOSIS
Occurs in germ cells. Involves two sequential cycles that are meiosis I and meiosis II. There is only a single cycle of DNA replication. Meiosis I is initiated after is S phase. Meiosis involves the pairing of homologous chromosomes and recombination between them. Four haploid cells are formed called germ cells.
Cell cycle & Mitosis presentation to help understand the basic concepts related to the topic. This topic is included in the Maharashtra Board curriculum for XIth Std Biology paper. All videos inserted in this powerpoint have their respective copyrights. Unauthorized distribution and copying of the same is prohibited
Infer the significance of cell division.
Differentiate a DNA molecule, a chromosome, and a chromatid.
Characterize the phases of the cell cycle and their control points.
Describe the major events associated with stages of mitosis.
Explain the process of cytokinesis.
Learning Objectives
Describe the role of apoptosis in the life cycle of a cell.
Relate cancer as a result of the malfunction of the cell during the cell cycle.
It is the presentation on the MEIOSIS phase of the Cell division.
It includes all the details and definitions that are related to the topic of meiosis with the labelled diagrams.
If you have any query or a question, you may ask in the comment box.
thanks.
Most relevant information about the cell, its discovery, types and various kinds of organelles and their function. it also focus on how molecules are transported across the cell membrane.
2018/2019
Infer the significance of cell division.
Differentiate a DNA molecule, a chromosome, and a chromatid.
Characterize the phases of the cell cycle and their control points.
Describe the major events associated with stages of mitosis.
Explain the process of cytokinesis.
Learning Objectives
Describe the role of apoptosis in the life cycle of a cell.
Relate cancer as a result of the malfunction of the cell during the cell cycle.
It is the presentation on the MEIOSIS phase of the Cell division.
It includes all the details and definitions that are related to the topic of meiosis with the labelled diagrams.
If you have any query or a question, you may ask in the comment box.
thanks.
Most relevant information about the cell, its discovery, types and various kinds of organelles and their function. it also focus on how molecules are transported across the cell membrane.
2018/2019
DNA replication is a semiconservative process. It means that each strand acts as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. Therefore, this process takes us from one parent molecule to two daughter molecules, with each newly formed double helix containing one new and one old strand.
The study of the cell cycle focuses on mechanisms that regulate the timing and frequency of DNA duplication and cell division. As a biological concept, the cell cycle is defined as the period between successive divisions of a cell. During this period, the contents of the cell must be accurately replicated.
The cell cycle is regulated by cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases.
How long is one cell cycle?
Depends. Eg. Skin cells every 24 hours. Some bacteria every 2 hours. Some cells every 3 months. Cancer cells very short. Nerve cells never.
Programmed cell death:
Each cell type will only do so many cell cycles then die. (Apoptosis)
CELL DIVISION- Decoding Cell Division: The Dance of Life's ContinuityNursing Mastery
Decoding Cell Division: The Dance of Life's Continuity
Step into the mesmerizing world of cell division with our illuminating SlideShare presentation. From the elegant choreography of mitosis to the intricacies of meiosis, witness the remarkable processes that underpin life's continuity and diversity.
In this captivating presentation, we delve deep into the mechanisms of cell division, unraveling the stages and significance of mitosis and meiosis. Explore how cells meticulously replicate their DNA, segregate their chromosomes, and orchestrate their division to ensure the transmission of genetic information with precision and fidelity.
Through vivid illustrations, clear explanations, and real-world examples, we illuminate the significance of cell division in growth, development, and reproduction. Gain a newfound understanding of how errors in cell division can lead to diseases like cancer and genetic disorders, and learn about the cutting-edge research driving advancements in this field.
Whether you're a student, educator, or enthusiast of life sciences, our presentation offers valuable insights into one of the most fundamental processes of life. Join us as we unravel the mysteries of cell division and marvel at the beauty and complexity of nature's continuity.
Don't miss this opportunity to deepen your knowledge and appreciation of cell biology. Embark on a journey into the heart of cell division and discover the dance of life's continuity unfolding before your eyes.
This presentation include the process of cell division. It hope it will helpful for all the medical students. Cell division is the series of events of equally dividing of one single mother cell into two identical daughter cell. Cell cycle and cell division terms are alternately used. Cell division is an important part of the all living processes.
At the time of cell division, RNA replication is a natural process.
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle, is the series of events that take place in a cell that cause it to divide into two daughter cells.
These events include the duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) and some of its organelles, and subsequently the partitioning of its cytoplasm and other components into two daughter cells in a process called cell division.
There are two types of cell division
A) Mitosis and Binary fission – (Asexual reproduction) and B) Meiosis – (Sexual reproduction)
In prokaryotic cell, the cell division occurs via a process termed as Binary fission.
• In eukaryotic cell, the cell cycle can be divided in two periods i.e Interphase and Mitosis.
• During Interphase, the cell grows and DNA is replicated.
During Mitotic phase, the replicated DNA and cytoplasmic contents are separated, and cell divides.
The duration of cycle varies from hours to years. A typical human cell cycle has duration of 24 hours.
Some cells, such as skin cells, are constantly going through cell cycle, while other cells may divide rarely.
Some cells don’t grow and divide once they mature for ex. Neuron
Eukaryotic cell have a more complex cell cycle than prokaryotic cell.
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2. • Cell division:- DNA replication & Cell
growth
• They takes place in a coordinated way
to ensure correct division & formation
of progeny cells which contains intact
genomes.
• Cell cycle- the events by which a cell
duplicates its genome ,synthesises the
constituents of the cell divides into
daughter cells.
3. • Cell growth is a continuous process but
DNA synthesis takes only once in this
stage.
• DNA Daughter nuclei
(complex series of event – cell division).
• DNA processes are under genetic
control.
4. • Eukaryotic cell – divide once in approx. every
24 hrs.
• This varies from organism – organism & cell –
cell type.
• E.g. Yeast – the cell cycle of yeast progress in
90 minutes.
5. There are 2 basic phases:-
1) M Phase(mitosis phase) – the actual cell
division/mitosis occurs.
2) Interphase - phase between 2 successive M
phases.
Duration of Interphase is 24 hrs in a cell
cycle.
Karyokinesis – (nuclear division) separation of
daughter chromosomes.
Cytokinesis – division of cytoplasm.
7. The Interphase is divided into 3 phases:-
a) G1 Phase (Gap 1)
Interval Between mitosis & initiation of DNA
replication.
It is also known as growth phase & the cell is
metabolically active.
b) S Phase (Synthesis)
DNA synthesis & replication takes place
c) G2 Phase (Gap 2)
Proteins are synthesized in preparation for mitosis
while cell growth continues.
8. A diagrammatic view of cell cycle indicating
formation of two cells from one cell.
9. • Some cells do not divide further exit G1 Phase
to enter an interactive stage – Quiescent stage
(G0).
M phase(mitosis) involve reorganization of
virtually all components of the cell.
Mitosis is divided into four stages
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
10. Equational Division
The number of chromosomes in the parent
and progeny cells is the same.
46
23 23
11. • It is marked by the initiation of condensation of
chromosomal material.
• Chromosomal material mitotic
chromosomes.
• Spindle fiber – a set of thread like structures made by
an organelle called centriole.
• The centriole moves towards the opposite poles of the
cell.
• Two (sister) chromatids attach together at the
centromere.
15. • Disintegration(breakup) of the nuclear envelope
marks the start of metaphase.
• In this phase the chromosomes are made of
sister chromatids held together by the
centromere.
• Kinetochores (site of attachment of spindle
fibers)– small disc shaped structures at the
surface of the centromere.
16. • Chromosomes moves to the centre of the
cell(spindle equator).
• One chromatid of each chromosome connected n
kinetochore to spindle fibers from one pole
• Sister chromatids connected in the opposite
poles by the kinetochores.
• Metaphase Plate – plane of alignment of the
chromosomes at the metaphase.