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Transboundary water cooperation  in the Nile Basin:  generating and sharing benefits? Ana Elisa Cascão King’s College of London/ London Water Research Group DEV Seminars University of East Anglia 6th March 2009
Nile River Basin: Map
Nile River Basin: Overview
Nile Basin Hydropolitics SECURITISATION HYDRO-SOVEREIGNTY COOPERATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nile Basin: From conflict to cooperation?
Nile Basin Cooperation NILE BASIN INITIATIVE (1999) BENEFIT-SHARING PARADIGM
Benefit-Sharing Paradigm Benefits  to  the river Benefits  from  the river Benefits  because  of the river Benefits  beyond the river BENEFITS OF COOPERATION Environmental Social Economic Political Sadoff and Grey 2002, 2005 “ A focus on sharing the benefits derived from the use of water, rather than  the allocation of water itself,  provides far greater scope for identifying mutually beneficial cooperative actions”
Benefit & Cost Sharing Matrix Level Types of  benefits Environmental Social Economic Political Regional National Local BENEFIT & COST SHARING MATRIX Benefits Costs/Constraints
Hydro-Sovereignty: current scenario Aswan High Dam (Egypt) Merowe Dam (Sudan) Tekezze Dam (Ethiopia) ZERO-SUM  SCENARIO
Unilateral projects: limited benefits & high costs ,[object Object],Level Types of  benefits Environmental Social Economic Political Regional National Local BENEFITS: (unilateral) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COSTS/CONSTRAINTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Nile Basin Initiative:  Joint projects with potential for benefits ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],POSITIVE-SUM  SCENARIO
1. Hydropower Production and Trade
Hydropower Production and Trade Level Types of  benefits Environmental Social Economic Political Regional National Local BENEFITS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COSTS/CONSTRAINTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2. Watershed Management
Watershed Management ,[object Object],Level Types of  benefits Environmental Social Economic Political Regional National Local !! BENEFITS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COSTS/CONSTRAINTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3. Irrigation Development (upstream)
Irrigation Development (upstream) Level Types of  benefits Environmental Social Economic Political Regional National Local BENEFITS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],COSTS/CONSTRAINTS: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why the benefit-sharing paradigm did not work (so far) in the Nile Basin? CONCEPTUAL REASONS Poorly understood and not coherently developed Extremely theoretical and complex Rational and economicist model No clear rationale POLITICAL REASONS Water-Sharing is still the main political priority Self-interests and sovereignty still guides political decision Poor understanding of basin-wide management & cooperation NBI – no benefits delivered  * Need to develop the concept further * Need to identify concrete development opportunities, incentives and trade-offs * Need to integrate BS and WS negotiations
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Transboundary water cooperation in the Nile Basin:  generating and sharing benefits?
Thank you! [email_address]

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Cascao East Anglia Cooperation Benefit Sharing

  • 1. Transboundary water cooperation in the Nile Basin: generating and sharing benefits? Ana Elisa Cascão King’s College of London/ London Water Research Group DEV Seminars University of East Anglia 6th March 2009
  • 3. Nile River Basin: Overview
  • 4.
  • 5. Nile Basin: From conflict to cooperation?
  • 6. Nile Basin Cooperation NILE BASIN INITIATIVE (1999) BENEFIT-SHARING PARADIGM
  • 7. Benefit-Sharing Paradigm Benefits to the river Benefits from the river Benefits because of the river Benefits beyond the river BENEFITS OF COOPERATION Environmental Social Economic Political Sadoff and Grey 2002, 2005 “ A focus on sharing the benefits derived from the use of water, rather than the allocation of water itself, provides far greater scope for identifying mutually beneficial cooperative actions”
  • 8. Benefit & Cost Sharing Matrix Level Types of benefits Environmental Social Economic Political Regional National Local BENEFIT & COST SHARING MATRIX Benefits Costs/Constraints
  • 9. Hydro-Sovereignty: current scenario Aswan High Dam (Egypt) Merowe Dam (Sudan) Tekezze Dam (Ethiopia) ZERO-SUM SCENARIO
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 13.
  • 15.
  • 17.
  • 18. Why the benefit-sharing paradigm did not work (so far) in the Nile Basin? CONCEPTUAL REASONS Poorly understood and not coherently developed Extremely theoretical and complex Rational and economicist model No clear rationale POLITICAL REASONS Water-Sharing is still the main political priority Self-interests and sovereignty still guides political decision Poor understanding of basin-wide management & cooperation NBI – no benefits delivered * Need to develop the concept further * Need to identify concrete development opportunities, incentives and trade-offs * Need to integrate BS and WS negotiations
  • 19.