This document discusses the priority given to agriculture in the Nile Basin Initiative over the past 10 years. It summarizes two programs within the NBI - the Efficient Water Use for Agriculture program and the Eastern Nile Subsidiary Action Program's irrigation and drainage work. It finds that while these programs have conducted studies and provided training, they have had limited results on the ground. Major challenges include bringing agriculture development back to the center of the NBI agenda, assessing water availability for irrigation projects, and negotiating water allocations between countries. The document argues that more priority should be given to agriculture within the NBI, as it is critical for development yet remains a politically sensitive issue requiring sustainable cooperation.

3. Institutional Analysis of the NBI

4. Institutional Analysis of the NBI

7. Agriculture: Investment?

9. Institutional challenges

10. Possible scenarios