Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. They are the primary source of energy and include sugars and starches. The simplest carbohydrates are monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose. Complex carbohydrates are either disaccharides made of two monosaccharides or polysaccharides made of three or more monosaccharides joined through dehydration synthesis, which can be broken down through hydrolysis.

1. Carbohydrates

2. Organic Vs Inorganic Organic Compound: a compound that contains Carbon and Hydrogen. Inorganic Compound: a compound that does not contain both carbon and hydrogen. Organic or inorganic CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 HCl NaCl

3. Categories of Organic Compounds 1) Carbohydrates (Sugars) 2) Proteins 3) Lipids (Fats) 4) Nucleic Acids

4. Carbohydrates Primary source of energy Includes sugars and starches.

5. Carbohydrates Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen In a ratio of 1:2:1. C 6 H 12 O 6

6. Carbohydrates The simplest Carbs are called Monosaccharides or simple sugars. Examples include Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose.

7. Carbohydrates Complex carbohydrates are called either Disaccharides, or polysaccharides. Di = two Poly = many (3 or more)

8. Dehydration Synthesis The chemical reaction that joins monosaccharides is called dehydration synthesis.

9. Hydrolysis To break down polysaccharides we need to use Hydrolysis