Cryptococcosis also called as Torulosis is a subacute or chronic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. It leads to compications such as fatal meningoencephalitis. It is an opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients. The PPT discuss on the morphology of the fungus, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and treatment.
Cryptococcosis also called as Torulosis is a subacute or chronic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. It leads to compications such as fatal meningoencephalitis. It is an opportunistic infection in HIV-infected patients. The PPT discuss on the morphology of the fungus, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and treatment.
Micosis causada por diversas especies de levaduras oportunistas del genero Candida, en especial Candida albicans; presenta una variedad de cuadros clínicos; afecta en particular mucosas (boca, vagina, etc.), piel, uñas y de manera excepcional otros órganos como pulmones e intestino.
This is a simple description of vaginal candidiasis (moniliasis), which is one of the most common opportunistic yeast gynecological ailment that affects mostly the debilitated and immunosuppressive patients like the pregnant mothers, cancerous patients, stem cell transplantation recipients etc.
Yeast infections are generally caused by an organism called Candida albicans. Natural cures are simple, less expensive, and by far the most important point, they actually work. Get few tips for avoiding this disease with ease.
http://www.yeastinfectionheal.com/
Este trabajo fue elaborado por uno de los grupos del 3° F de secundaria del Liceo Naval Montero sobre candidiasis,infección de mucha incidencia en las mujeres. Invito a verlo,puede resultar interesante para quien desee saber sobre el tema. Los autores de este archivo :
Brillith, CABRAL
Juan, DAGNINO
Adriana, ESTRADA
Lynn, GONZALO
Bryan, GUERRERO V.
Carmen, PORRAS
www.yolandaflores.net
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Síndrome anatomo-clínico de tipo inflamatorio crónico, constituido por aumento de volumen, deformación de la región que afecta y lesiones de aspecto nodular, fistulizadas, de donde drena un exudado filante que contiene las formas parasitarias denominadas “granos”; por su etiologia se divide en dos tipos: eumicetoma, causado por hongos filamentosos, y actinomicetoma, por diversos actinomicetos filamentosos aerobios
Current Developments in Prevention and Treatment of Candidiasis Prodipta Chakraborty
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that is responsible for candidiasis in human hosts.
C. albicans grow in several different morphological forms, ranging from unicellular budding yeast to true hyphae with parallel-side wall .
Candida albicans is a unicellular, oval-shaped diploid fungus (a form of yeast ) Typically, C. albicans live as harmless commensals in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract and are found in over 70% of the population. Overgrowth of these organisms, however, will lead to disease
Also known as Oral thrush
Oral infection caused by fungi
(yeast) of the genus candida
Multiple species of candida
(candida albican most common cause)
Often an opportunistic infection
Can transmit via direct contact
If it is in the mouth or throat, it is called oral candidiasis, oropharyngeal
candidiasis, or Thrush.
If it affects the genital area, it is called a yeast infection. In women, it may be called a
Vulvovaginal yeast infection.
If yeast infects the skin on a baby’s bottom area, it causes a diaper rash.
If the infection enters your bloodstream, it is called invasive candidiasis
or candidemia.
TRANSMITTED FROM MOTHER TO INFANT THROUGH CHILDBIRTH
BY KISSING
THE OVERGROWTH OF C.ALBICANS LEADS TO SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE,
AND IT OCCOURS WHEN THERE ARE IMBALANCES
RARELY SPREAD THROUGH SEXUAL INTERCOURCE
In general case:- In general, you can prevent most Candida infections
by keeping your skin clean and dry, by using antibiotics only as your
doctor directs, and by following a healthy lifestyle, including proper nutrition.
Treatments for candidiasis for managing Candida infections are usually based upon the anatomic location of the infection, immune status of the patient, risk factors for patients with infection, species responsible and lastly, upon the susceptibility of the Candida species towards the anti-fungal drug.
Medically Important Candida albicans.pptxNawangSherpa6
The Presentation here is about Medically important Candida species. How does it infect the Human host? What are it's clinical manifestations and How can we diagnose for their infection and potential application for other studies.
detailed explanation and treatment plans for all types of fungal infections.
precaution and lifestyle modifications are explained.
well-detailed explanation of superficial and invasive types of fungal infections.
superficial infections like vulvovaginal candidiasis, oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis, and mycotic infections of the skin, hair, and nail.
invasive fungal infections like fungal infections in HIV patients, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, candiduria, and aspergillosis.
explained with well-detailed treatment plan with patient counseling points
There are nearly 100 viruses of the herpes group that infect many different animal species.
Official name of herpesviruses that commonly infect human is Humans herpesvirus (HHV)
herpes simplex virus types 1 (HHV 1)
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HHV 2)
Varicella-zoster virus (HHV 3)
Epstein-Barr virus, (HHV 4)
Cytomegalovirus (HHV 5)
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV 6)
Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV 7)
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV 8) (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus).
Herpes B virus of monkeys can also infect humans
hELMINTHS#corona virus#Aspergillosis#BUGANDO#CUHAS#CUHAS#CUHAS
Oral Candidiasis also referred to as oral thrush is commonly encountered in a daily life of a dentist. An overview on this topic for undergraduate students.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...Oleg Kshivets
Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
ABDOMINAL TRAUMA in pediatrics part one.drhasanrajab
Abdominal trauma in pediatrics refers to injuries or damage to the abdominal organs in children. It can occur due to various causes such as falls, motor vehicle accidents, sports-related injuries, and physical abuse. Children are more vulnerable to abdominal trauma due to their unique anatomical and physiological characteristics. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, tenderness, distension, vomiting, and signs of shock. Diagnosis involves physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management depends on the severity and may involve conservative treatment or surgical intervention. Prevention is crucial in reducing the incidence of abdominal trauma in children.
1. Candidiasis
Presented By : Nawaraj Adhikari
BPH 3rd Batch (3rd Year)
Roll No: 10
Chitwan Medical College(CMC)
Candidiasis
2. a) Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus (yeast).
b) It can infect the mouth, vagina, skin, stomach, and urinary
tract.
c) About 75% of women will get a vaginal yeast infection during
their lifetime.
d) A yeast infection results from an overgrowth of yeast anywhere
in the body.
e) Candidiasis is by far the most common type of yeast infection.
f) There are more than 20 species of Candida, the most common
being Candida albicans.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 2
Candidiasis
3. Candidiasis
f) These fungi live on all surfaces of our bodies. Under
certain conditions, they can become so numerous they
cause infections, particularly in warm and moist areas.
g) Candidiasis encompasses infections that range from
superficial, such as oral thrush and vaginitis, to systemic
and potentially life-threatening diseases.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 3
6. Epidemiology
• Oral candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the mouth,and
it also represents the most common opportunistic oral infection in
humans.
• In the Western Hemisphere, about 75% of females are affected at some
time in their lives with a vaginal yeast infection.
• Esophageal candidiasis is the most common esophageal infection in
persons with AIDS, and accounts for about 50% of all esophageal
infections, often coexisting with other esophageal diseases. About two-
thirds of people with AIDS and esophageal candidiasis also have oral
candidiasis.
• Candida is the fourth most common cause of bloodstream infections
among hospital patients in the United States.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 6
7. Epidemiology
•Occurrence – Worldwide. Candida albicans is often part of
the normal human flora.
•Reservoirs – Humans
•Mode of transmission –
1. contact with secretions or excretions of mouth, skin,
vagina and feces, from patients or carriers.
2. Passage from mother to neonate during childbirth.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 7
8. 1. Incubation period – variable.
2. Period of communicability - presumably while lesions
are present.
3. Susceptibility and resistance –
i. Susceptibility is very low except in low host defense. It is
common in diabetes, HIV infected; women are prone to
vulvovaginitis in the third trimester of pregnancy.
ii. Oral contraceptive users, individuals with prolonged
steroid therapy are susceptible.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 8
9. Signs and symptoms
1. Signs and symptoms of candidiasis vary depending on the
area affected.
2. Most candidal infections result in minimal complications
such as redness, itching, and discomfort, though
complications may be severe or even fatal if left untreated.
3. In immunocompetent persons, candidiasis is usually a very
localized infection of the skin or mucosal membranes,
including the oral cavity(thrush), the pharynx or esophagus,
the gastrointestinal tract, the rectum, anus,
perianal/perirectal or ano-rectal area (in men as well as
women), the perineum, the urinary bladder, the fingernails
or toenails (onychomycosis), and the genitalia
(vagina, penis, etc.).
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 9
10. Signs and symptoms
3. Infection of the vagina or vulva may cause severe itching,
burning, soreness, irritation, and a whitish or whitish-
gray cottage cheese-like discharge.
4. In immunocompromised patients, Candida infections can
affect the esophagus causing more serious condition, called
candidemia.
5. Thrush is commonly seen in infants.
6. Children, mostly between the ages of three and nine
years of age, can be affected by chronic mouth yeast
infections, normally seen around the mouth as white
patches. However, this is not a common condition.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 10
11. 7) Symptoms of infection of the male genitalia (balanitis thrush) include
red skin around the head of the penis, swelling, irritation, itchiness
and soreness of the head of the penis, thick, lumpy discharge under
the foreskin, unpleasant odour, difficulty retracting the foreskin
(phimosis), and pain when passing urine or during sex.
8) Esophageal candidiasis can cause difficulty swallowing, or less
commonly painful swallowing. Abnormal proliferation of the candida
in the gut may lead to dysbiosis.
9) While it is not yet clear, this alteration may be the source of
symptoms generally described as the irritable bowel syndrome, and
other gastrointestinal diseases.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 11
Signs and symptoms
12. Clinical manifestation
•Severe vulvar pruritis (prominent feature An intense itching
sensation that can have various causes)
•vaginal discharge (scanty, whitish, yellow, thick to form
curds, non-offensive)
•sore vulva due to itching
•speculum examination – thick whitish plugs attached to
vaginal wall
•vaginal epithelium bleeds when the plug is removed but the
cervix is normal
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 12
13. Causes
•A weakened or undeveloped immune system or metabolic
illnesses such as diabetes are significant predisposing factors
of candidiasis.
•Candida yeasts are commonly present in humans, and their
growth is normally limited by the human immune system and
by other microorganisms, such as bacteria occupying the
same locations in the human body.
•Diseases that increase the risk of candidiasis
include HIV/AIDS, mononucleosis, cancer treatments, steroi
ds, stress, antibiotics, diabetes, and nutrient deficiency.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 13
14. •Pregnancy and the use of oral contraceptives have been
reported as risk factors.
•Diabetes mellitus and the use of antibiotics are also linked to
increased rates of yeast infections.
•Diets high in simple carbohydrates have been found to affect
rates of oral candidiasis.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 14
15. Conditions
•Candida infection more likely to develop in some cases,
including:
-Diabetes,
-HIV infection,
-Cancer,
-Dry mouth, and
-Pregnancy.
•Cases of oral and esophageal candidiasis in HIV/AIDS
patients were estimated at 10,347 and 2950, respectively
in Nepal according to medical research in 2015.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 15
16. Prognosis
•Among individuals being treated in intensive care units,
the mortality rate is about 30-50% when systemic candidiasis
develops.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 16
17. Diagnosis
•Based on clinical grounds
•Microscopic demonstration of pseudohyphae or yeast cells in
infected tissue or body fluids (vaginal discharge)
•Culture (vaginal discharge)
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 17
18. Treatment
Candidiasis is commonly treated with antimycotics;
these antifungal drugs include :
1. Topical Nystatin Vaginal Pessary or
2. Miconazole Or Topical Clotrimazole Creams or
3. Topical Ketoconazole or
4. Fluconazole in recurrent cases
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 18
19. Prevention and control
•Case treatment
•Treatment of underlying medical conditions or predisposing
factors
•Maintaining personal cleanliness and hygiene by regular
cleaning of genital organs
•Health education regarding the preventive and curative aspect
of candidiasis infections to women and adolescent girls
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 19
20. Prevention and control
•A diet that supports the immune system and is not high in
simple carbohydrates contributes to a healthy balance of the
oral and intestinal flora.
•Wearing cotton underwear may help to reduce the risk of
developing skin and vaginal yeast infections, along with not
wearing wet clothes for long periods of time.
•Oral hygiene can help prevent oral candidiasis when people
have a weakened immune system.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 20
22. Thrush
•Thrush is a yeast infection of
the mucus membrane lining the
mouth and tongue.
•Oral infections are most
common in infants, elderly
people, and those with a
weakened
immune system.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 22
23. Causes
•Thrush is caused by forms of a fungus called Candida. A
small amount of this fungus lives in our mouth most of the
time. It is usually kept in check by your immune system and
other types of germs that also normally live in your mouth.
•However, when our immune system is weak, the fungus can
grow.
•Thrush is commonly seen in infants. It is not considered
abnormal in infants unless it lasts longer than a couple of
weeks.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 23
24. Symptoms
• Thrush usually develops suddenly, but it may become
chronic, persisting over a long period of time.
• A common sign of thrush is the presence of creamy white,
slightly raised lesions in your mouth -usually on tongue.
•The lesions, can be painful and may bleed slightly when
scrape them or brush teeth.
•In severe cases, the lesions may spread into your esophagus,
or swallowing tube, causing pain or difficulty swallowing.
•Thrush can spread to other parts of the body, including the
lungs, liver, and skin.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 24
26. Treatment
•Medications that inhibit the growth of fungi (antifungals) are
the standard treatment for thrush.
•These medications are either applied directly to the affected
area (topical) or swallowed (oral).
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27. Cutaneous candidiasis
•Cutaneous candidiasis include:
•Paronychia and onychomycosis.
•Diaper candidiasis.
•Intertrigo candidiasis.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 27
28. Cutaneous candidiasis
Paronychia:-
•Paronychia of the finger nails may develop in persons
whose hands are subject to continuous wetting, especially
with sugar solutions or contact with flour, that softens the
nail folds and cuticle.
9/24/2016 Candidiasis Presented By Nawaraj 28
• In chronic cases the
infection may progress to
cause onychomycosis with
total detachment of the
cuticle from the nail plate.
30. Cutaneous candidiasis
Diaper candidiasis :-
•Diaper candidiasis is common in infants under unhygienic
conditions of chronic moisture and local skin maceration
associated with ammonitic irritation due to irregularly
changed unclean diapers.
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