Bordatella pertusis - Theory class PPT -SECOND MBBS STUDENTS - UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS - MEDICAL COLLEGE - POWERPOINT

1. Bordatella
Dr. R. Someshwaran, MD., Assistant professor,
Dept. of Microbiology, KFMS&R
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2. General characteristics
• Obligate aerobe
• Gram negative cocco bacilli
• Catalase positive
• Oxidase positive
• Indole negative
• Sugars negative
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3. Bordetella species of
clinical importance
Bordetella species of
clinical importance
B. pertussis
B. parapertussis
B. bronchosepticus
B. avium
B. pertussis
B. parapertussis
B. bronchosepticus
B. avium
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4. 1. What is the organism and what are its physiologic
characteristics?
2. What are the pathogenic factors of this organism?
3. Why is there a preponderance of lymphocytes?
4. What is the epidemiology of and prophylaxis for the
disease?
Q: A 2-year-old male is presented to you with a 10-day
history of persistent cough. The long cough spells are
followed by a deep breath. The cough often leads to
choking, vomiting, gasping and cyanosis. His pulse rate
is 190 (n: 100-160) and respiratory rate is 72 (n: 10-20).
Chest x-ray is normal. WBC counts are16,000/cm2 with
70% lymphocytes.
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5. Bordetella pertussisBordetella pertussis
Causative agent of whooping cough
Gram negative cocobacillus
Requires special media to grow
Causative agent of whooping cough
Gram negative cocobacillus
Requires special media to grow
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6. Bordetella pertussisBordetella pertussis
Gram negative
coccobacilli
Small, transparent
hemolytic colonies
on BG medium
Gram negative
coccobacilli
Small, transparent
hemolytic colonies
on BG medium
Oxidase+
,Urease-
;
(B. parapertussis:
oxidase-
, urease+
; B.
brochosepticus: +/+)
Oxidase+
,Urease-
;
(B. parapertussis:
oxidase-
, urease+
; B.
brochosepticus: +/+)
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7. Pertussis: epidemiologyPertussis: epidemiology
pertussis is a
disease mainly
of children
pertussis is a
disease mainly
of children
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8. Pertussis: course of diseasePertussis: course of disease
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9. Pertussis: virulence factorsPertussis: virulence factors
Pertussis toxin (pertussigen)*
Adenylate cyclase toxin
Tracheal toxin
Dermonecrotic toxin
Filamentous haemagglutinin*
Lipopolysaccharide
Pertussis toxin (pertussigen)*
Adenylate cyclase toxin
Tracheal toxin
Dermonecrotic toxin
Filamentous haemagglutinin*
Lipopolysaccharide
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10. Pertussigen:
(an AB-toxin, oligopeptide)
Pertussigen:
(an AB-toxin, oligopeptide)
Increases histamine and LPS
sensitivity
Increases IgE levels
T-cell lymphocytosis
Impairs phagocyte functions
ADP-ribosylates the Gi protein
(results in increased cAMP)
Increases histamine and LPS
sensitivity
Increases IgE levels
T-cell lymphocytosis
Impairs phagocyte functions
ADP-ribosylates the Gi protein
(results in increased cAMP)
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11. Pertussigen:
Structure
Pertussigen:
Structure
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12. Pertussigen: dysregulation of
adenylate cyclase
Pertussigen: dysregulation of
adenylate cyclase
Pertussis
toxin
cAMPATP
Cholera
toxin
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13. Pertussis:
adenylate cyclase toxin
Pertussis:
adenylate cyclase toxin
Activated by
calmodulin
Activated by
calmodulin
Catalyses
ATP to
cAMP
conversion
Catalyses
ATP to
cAMP
conversion
Ac tox
Ac tox
Calm
cAMP
H2O
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14. Pertussis
tracheal Toxin
Pertussis
tracheal Toxin
A peptidoglycan-like molecule
Binds to ciliary epithelial cells
Inhibits ciliary movement
Kills ciliary ciliary epithelial cells
A peptidoglycan-like molecule
Binds to ciliary epithelial cells
Inhibits ciliary movement
Kills ciliary ciliary epithelial cells
Causes pertussis
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15. Pertussis:
dermonecrotic toxin
Pertussis:
dermonecrotic toxin
Strong vasoconstrictor
Causes ischemia
Synergizes with tracheal toxin
to causes tracheal necrosis
Strong vasoconstrictor
Causes ischemia
Synergizes with tracheal toxin
to causes tracheal necrosis
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16. Pertussis:
filamentous haemagglutinin
Pertussis:
filamentous haemagglutinin
Causes binding of bacteria to
ciliated epithelial cells
Causes binding of bacteria to
ciliated epithelial cells
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17. B. pertussis:
interactions with pneumocyte
B. pertussis:
interactions with pneumocyte
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18. B. pertussis:
lipopolysaccharide
B. pertussis:
lipopolysaccharide
Activates inflammatory
cytokines
Activates complement
In larger quantities, causes
shock and cardiac arrest
Activates inflammatory
cytokines
Activates complement
In larger quantities, causes
shock and cardiac arrest
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19. Pertussis:
diagnosis
Pertussis:
diagnosis
Based on symptoms
Culture on Bordet-Gengou (potato-
glycerol-blood agar) medium
Based on symptoms
Culture on Bordet-Gengou (potato-
glycerol-blood agar) medium
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20. Laboratory Diagnosis
Specimens Post / per nasal swab (no cotton
swab) / cough plate
Microscopy Gram negative coccobacilli
Culture Bordet – Gengou Medium
mercury drop pearl appearance
colonies
Antibiotic Erythromycin / Co-trimoxazole
Identification Microscopy & slide agglutination
Fluorescent antibody stain
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21. Pertussis:
treatment
Pertussis:
treatment
Erythromycin is the drug of choice
Vaccine is extremely effective
Erythromycin is the drug of choice
Vaccine is extremely effective
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22. Immunization
D P T VACCINE
Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus
3 doses
Intervals of 4 - 6 wks
4th
dose year after
School entryPrimary Booster
1st Pertussis vaccine- whole cell Acellular vaccine now used
Combination vaccines
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23. Thank you
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