basic information of internal combustion engines
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1. The document discusses various concepts related to internal combustion engine efficiencies including definitions of engine terminology, the four strokes of an engine cycle, indicated power, thermal efficiency, and air-standard cycles. 2. It provides information on improving engine efficiency through variable valve timing which allows the engine to run most efficiently at all speeds rather than just one speed. 3. The document concludes with some frequently asked questions about concepts like brake thermal efficiency, mechanical efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, and ways to increase brake power in diesel engines.
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indicated and brake mean effective pressure
The document discusses various thermodynamic processes involved in air standard cycles that are used to model internal combustion engines. It describes the idealized assumptions of air standard cycles including using air as the working fluid, internally reversible processes, heat addition from an external source, and using heat rejection to restore the fluid to its initial state. It then discusses factors that cause actual engine cycles to deviate from the ideal cycles, such as finite rate of heat addition, heat transfer losses, blow-by and blow-down losses, friction losses, and pumping losses.
air standard, fuel air and actual cycles
The document discusses various factors that affect the efficiency of internal combustion engines such as specific heat, dissociation, premixed vs non-premixed fuel charges, and different types of losses in actual engine cycles compared to ideal cycles. It notes that the actual efficiency of a good engine is around 25% of the estimated efficiency from the ideal air standard cycle due to losses from factors like heat transfer, combustion, pumping, and blow-by. Fuel-air ratio can impact maximum power output due to chemical equilibrium losses. Variable specific heats can increase maximum pressure but decrease maximum temperature compared to constant specific heats.
Performance Parameters of IC engines
The explanation of Performance parameters of IC engines is as follows.
1.Indicated power (I.P):
The total Power developed by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber is called as Indicated power.
2.Break power (B.P):
The Power developed by an engine at the output shaft is called break power.
For more information, visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/ic-engines/
i c engines efficiencies
in this presentation , the different engine inefficiencies has been discussed including all sort of friction losses which affects the brake power of the engine. It includes volumetric efficiency, thermal efficiency, IMEP, BMEP, brake power etc.
Engine Performance Improvement
various methods for improving the engine performance have been discussed. Most significant upon them is to reduce the obstruction in the flow of fresh mixture and burnt products. In addition to this by improving the inlet and exhaust valve timing. Increase in compression ratio and swept volume may also improve the engine parformance
Ice l 1 22 dec 15
The document discusses internal combustion engines and how they convert chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy. It provides examples of internal combustion engines like gasoline and diesel engines. It also discusses external combustion engines, where combustion of fuel occurs outside the engine cylinder. The key differences are that internal combustion engines have one working fluid and combustion occurs inside the cylinder, while external combustion engines have two working fluids and combustion occurs outside. Internal combustion engines are smaller and have less heat losses than external combustion engines.
Acutal Cycles and Their Analysis - Unit-I
The document discusses different types of engine cycles including ideal, fuel-air, and actual cycles. It provides details on:
- Air standard cycles which are idealized and assume a perfect gas, no mass change, reversible processes, and constant specific heats. Examples include Otto, Diesel, and Dual cycles.
- Fuel-air cycles which are more accurate by considering the actual cylinder gas composition, variable specific heats, incomplete fuel-air mixing at high temps, and dissociation effects.
- Actual engine cycles use even more accurate models of the processes and working fluid, taking into account variable properties and chemical reactions.
torque , power, volumetric efficiency and their dependence on unit air charge...
the effort has been made to explain how engine power and torque can be enhanced by improving the volumetric efficiency
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indicated and brake mean effective pressure
The document discusses various thermodynamic processes involved in air standard cycles that are used to model internal combustion engines. It describes the idealized assumptions of air standard cycles including using air as the working fluid, internally reversible processes, heat addition from an external source, and using heat rejection to restore the fluid to its initial state. It then discusses factors that cause actual engine cycles to deviate from the ideal cycles, such as finite rate of heat addition, heat transfer losses, blow-by and blow-down losses, friction losses, and pumping losses.
air standard, fuel air and actual cycles
The document discusses various factors that affect the efficiency of internal combustion engines such as specific heat, dissociation, premixed vs non-premixed fuel charges, and different types of losses in actual engine cycles compared to ideal cycles. It notes that the actual efficiency of a good engine is around 25% of the estimated efficiency from the ideal air standard cycle due to losses from factors like heat transfer, combustion, pumping, and blow-by. Fuel-air ratio can impact maximum power output due to chemical equilibrium losses. Variable specific heats can increase maximum pressure but decrease maximum temperature compared to constant specific heats.
Performance Parameters of IC engines
The explanation of Performance parameters of IC engines is as follows.
1.Indicated power (I.P):
The total Power developed by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber is called as Indicated power.
2.Break power (B.P):
The Power developed by an engine at the output shaft is called break power.
For more information, visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/ic-engines/
i c engines efficiencies
in this presentation , the different engine inefficiencies has been discussed including all sort of friction losses which affects the brake power of the engine. It includes volumetric efficiency, thermal efficiency, IMEP, BMEP, brake power etc.
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various methods for improving the engine performance have been discussed. Most significant upon them is to reduce the obstruction in the flow of fresh mixture and burnt products. In addition to this by improving the inlet and exhaust valve timing. Increase in compression ratio and swept volume may also improve the engine parformance
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The document discusses internal combustion engines and how they convert chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy. It provides examples of internal combustion engines like gasoline and diesel engines. It also discusses external combustion engines, where combustion of fuel occurs outside the engine cylinder. The key differences are that internal combustion engines have one working fluid and combustion occurs inside the cylinder, while external combustion engines have two working fluids and combustion occurs outside. Internal combustion engines are smaller and have less heat losses than external combustion engines.
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The document discusses different types of engine cycles including ideal, fuel-air, and actual cycles. It provides details on:
- Air standard cycles which are idealized and assume a perfect gas, no mass change, reversible processes, and constant specific heats. Examples include Otto, Diesel, and Dual cycles.
- Fuel-air cycles which are more accurate by considering the actual cylinder gas composition, variable specific heats, incomplete fuel-air mixing at high temps, and dissociation effects.
- Actual engine cycles use even more accurate models of the processes and working fluid, taking into account variable properties and chemical reactions.
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1) The document discusses various topics related to internal combustion engines including vehicle growth trends, engine efficiency, engine terminology, combustion types, engine cycles, and emissions.
2) It provides statistics showing that the number of vehicles worldwide is expected to reach 1.1 billion by 2020 and circle the earth 125 times.
3) The maximum efficiency of a typical gasoline automobile engine is around 25% while the largest diesel engine peaks at 51.7% efficiency.
I.C.Engine performance parameters
PPT describes the engine performance parameters of the I.C. engine.
Engine performance is an indication of the degree of success of the engine performs its assigned task, i.e. the conversion of the chemical energy contained in the fuel into the useful mechanical work. The engine performance is indicated by the term efficiency, η. Five important engine efficiencies and other related engine performance parameters are:
Power
Indicated Thermal Efficiency (ηith)
Brake Thermal Efficiency (ηbth)
Mechanical Efficiency (ηm)
Volumetric Efficiency (ηv)
Relative Efficiency or Efficiency Ratio (ηrel)
Mean Effective Pressure (Pm)
Specific Fuel Consumption (sfc)
Fuel-Air or Air-Fuel Ratio (F/A or A/F)
Calorific Value (CV)
Power:-
The main purpose of running an engine is to obtain mechanical power.
Brake Power (B.P.)
The power developed by an Engine at the output shaft is called the brake power.
Brake Power= Brake Workdone/Time
B.P.=BWD/sec.
Indicated power (I.P.)
The total power developed by Combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber is called indicated power.
Indicated Power= Indicated Workdone/Time
I.P.=IWD/sec.
Frictional Power (F.P.)
The difference between I.P. and B.P. is called frictional power (f.p.).
FP = IP – BP
Thermal Efficiency (ηth)
Thermal efficiency is the ratio of Power to energy supplied by the fuel.
ηth= Power/ Energy
In I.C. Engine, thermal efficiency can be classified into two categories i.e.
Indicated Thermal Efficiency (ηith)
Indicated thermal efficiency is the ratio of indicated power to the heat supplied or added.
ηith= IP/Qs
2. Brake Thermal Efficiency (ηith)
Brake Thermal Efficiency is the ratio of brake power to the heat supplied or added.
ηbth= BP/Qs
Volumetric Efficiency (ηv)
This is one of the most important parameters which decide the performance of four-stroke engines. Four stoke engines have distinct suction stoke, volumetric efficiency indicates the breathing ability of the engine.
Volumetric efficiency is defined as the ratio of actual flow rate of air into the intake system to rate at which the volume is displaced by the system.
ηv= (푚 ̇"a/a" )/(푉푑푖푠푝푎푐푒푑 푋 푁/2)
"a"= Inlet density is taken atmospheric air density
N= Number of the cylinder in use
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- Rankine cycle, which uses steam to power turbines and is used in fossil fuel, nuclear, and other power plants.
- Brayton cycle, which is used in gas turbine engines with no phase change of the working fluid.
- Combined cycle, which uses exhaust from the Brayton cycle to power a Rankine cycle for higher overall efficiency.
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محركات احتراق داخلي معهد اعداد المدربين-مكائن ومعدات
The document is an educational workbook on the basic principles of internal combustion engines. It was prepared by Engineer Nazar Faisal Ouda Al-Obaidi for the Technical Training Institute's Machinery and Equipment Department. The workbook contains information on key concepts related to internal combustion engines like:
- Conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy in heat engines through thermodynamic power cycles.
- Analyzing engine cycles using pressure-volume and temperature-entropy diagrams.
- Characterizing the ideal Otto cycle that models spark-ignition engines and the ideal Diesel cycle that models compression-ignition engines.
- Explaining engine parameters like compression ratio, mean effective pressure, and thermal efficiency.
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This document discusses various engine performance parameters such as indicated power, brake power, thermal efficiencies, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency, mean effective pressure, mean piston speed, specific fuel consumption, air-fuel ratio, and calorific value. It provides definitions and equations for calculating these parameters including indicated thermal efficiency, brake thermal efficiency, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure, brake mean effective pressure, piston speed, brake specific fuel consumption, indicated specific fuel consumption, stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, equivalence ratio, and calorific value. The document was designed by Bhawesh Prajapati and references additional sources.
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The dual cycle is an important part of I mechanical engineering.
here I have to try to derive some of the rules and important parts.
such as,
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2.Comparison Between Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycle
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4.Characteristics
5.Parts Of Engine
6.Stroke
7.Sequence of Operations
8.Expression For Efficiency
9.Applications
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12.Marine Engines
I hope this will help you to get all your required information plz like it and share it.
Connect with me on :
Youtube: Harshal Bhatt
Instagram: harshalbhatt_official
Twitter: HarshalBhatt318
Snapchat: harshalbhatt31
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This document summarizes the testing and performance of diesel and petrol engines. It describes the key components and operating principles of diesel and petrol engines. It then discusses various performance characteristics of internal combustion engines that are used to evaluate engine performance, such as brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency, air fuel ratio, and mean effective pressure. The performance of engines is tested by measuring fuel consumption, brake power, and specific power output using various types of dynamometers.
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This document summarizes criteria for analyzing internal combustion engines, including indicator power, brake power, torque, specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, and volumetric efficiency. It provides formulas for calculating these values and includes examples of calculations for various engine parameters such as brake power, brake torque, brake mean effective pressure, thermal efficiency, and specific fuel consumption. A Morse test analysis is also described for evaluating the power contribution of each cylinder in a multi-cylinder engine.
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This document provides information on internal combustion engines. It discusses the basic components and cycles of IC engines, including two-stroke and four-stroke engines. It also covers fuels, carburetion, and mechanical and electronic fuel injection systems. The document contains over 100 individual points on topics related to IC engines.
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This document presents information about a dual combustion engine. It was presented to Sir Qazi Shehzad by five students. The document defines a dual combustion engine as a four-stroke internal combustion engine where combustion occurs in two parts, first at constant pressure and then at constant volume. This makes it more efficient than a diesel engine. It also describes the key parts of the engine, the combustion cycle process, an equation for calculating its thermal efficiency, and its applications in vehicles, generators, and potentially future energy systems.
internal combustion engine fundamentals are discussed
1) The document discusses various topics related to internal combustion engines including vehicle growth trends, engine efficiency, engine terminology, combustion types, engine cycles, and emissions.
2) It provides statistics showing that the number of vehicles worldwide is expected to reach 1.1 billion by 2020 and circle the earth 125 times.
3) The maximum efficiency of a typical gasoline automobile engine is around 25% while the largest diesel engine peaks at 51.7% efficiency.
I.C.Engine performance parameters
PPT describes the engine performance parameters of the I.C. engine.
Engine performance is an indication of the degree of success of the engine performs its assigned task, i.e. the conversion of the chemical energy contained in the fuel into the useful mechanical work. The engine performance is indicated by the term efficiency, η. Five important engine efficiencies and other related engine performance parameters are:
Power
Indicated Thermal Efficiency (ηith)
Brake Thermal Efficiency (ηbth)
Mechanical Efficiency (ηm)
Volumetric Efficiency (ηv)
Relative Efficiency or Efficiency Ratio (ηrel)
Mean Effective Pressure (Pm)
Specific Fuel Consumption (sfc)
Fuel-Air or Air-Fuel Ratio (F/A or A/F)
Calorific Value (CV)
Power:-
The main purpose of running an engine is to obtain mechanical power.
Brake Power (B.P.)
The power developed by an Engine at the output shaft is called the brake power.
Brake Power= Brake Workdone/Time
B.P.=BWD/sec.
Indicated power (I.P.)
The total power developed by Combustion of fuel in the combustion chamber is called indicated power.
Indicated Power= Indicated Workdone/Time
I.P.=IWD/sec.
Frictional Power (F.P.)
The difference between I.P. and B.P. is called frictional power (f.p.).
FP = IP – BP
Thermal Efficiency (ηth)
Thermal efficiency is the ratio of Power to energy supplied by the fuel.
ηth= Power/ Energy
In I.C. Engine, thermal efficiency can be classified into two categories i.e.
Indicated Thermal Efficiency (ηith)
Indicated thermal efficiency is the ratio of indicated power to the heat supplied or added.
ηith= IP/Qs
2. Brake Thermal Efficiency (ηith)
Brake Thermal Efficiency is the ratio of brake power to the heat supplied or added.
ηbth= BP/Qs
Volumetric Efficiency (ηv)
This is one of the most important parameters which decide the performance of four-stroke engines. Four stoke engines have distinct suction stoke, volumetric efficiency indicates the breathing ability of the engine.
Volumetric efficiency is defined as the ratio of actual flow rate of air into the intake system to rate at which the volume is displaced by the system.
ηv= (푚 ̇"a/a" )/(푉푑푖푠푝푎푐푒푑 푋 푁/2)
"a"= Inlet density is taken atmospheric air density
N= Number of the cylinder in use
Ic engines
The document discusses internal combustion engines. It defines an internal combustion engine as a heat engine that converts thermal energy from fuel into mechanical work. It then classifies internal combustion engines in several ways such as by design, working cycle, number of strokes, fuel used, and other factors. The key parts of internal combustion engines like the cylinder, piston, valves are also defined. Important terminology used in internal combustion engines such as cylinder bore, stroke, swept volume, compression ratio are explained. The workings of different types of internal combustion engines such as spark ignition engines, compression ignition engines, and 2-stroke engines are outlined. Their differences and various engine efficiencies are also compared.
Session 4 cycles and combustion
Thermodynamic cycles are used to convert heat into work. The key cycles discussed are:
- Carnot cycle, which establishes the theoretical maximum efficiency possible.
- Rankine cycle, which uses steam to power turbines and is used in fossil fuel, nuclear, and other power plants.
- Brayton cycle, which is used in gas turbine engines with no phase change of the working fluid.
- Combined cycle, which uses exhaust from the Brayton cycle to power a Rankine cycle for higher overall efficiency.
Combustion rates and temperatures are limited by mixing, heating, compression rates, and material properties. Chemical kinetics also determine how quickly a fuel can fully oxidize to release its energy. Carbon
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This document outlines an assignment for students to evaluate the performance of a 4-stroke petrol engine. It discusses key performance parameters like power, efficiency, fuel consumption, emissions. The objective is for students to understand how to calculate speed, fuel use, air use, and evaluate exhaust smoke and emissions in order to optimize engine performance. Parameters like power, efficiency, emissions are defined and methods to test them such as using a dynamometer are described.
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This document discusses three thermodynamic cycles - the Atkinson cycle, Ericsson cycle, and Stirling cycle. The Atkinson cycle consists of two adiabatic and two constant pressure/volume processes. The Ericsson cycle consists of two isothermal and two constant pressure processes. The Stirling cycle consists of two isothermal and two isochoric (constant volume) processes. Applications of each cycle such as engines are also mentioned.
محركات احتراق داخلي معهد اعداد المدربين-مكائن ومعدات
The document is an educational workbook on the basic principles of internal combustion engines. It was prepared by Engineer Nazar Faisal Ouda Al-Obaidi for the Technical Training Institute's Machinery and Equipment Department. The workbook contains information on key concepts related to internal combustion engines like:
- Conversion of thermal energy to mechanical energy in heat engines through thermodynamic power cycles.
- Analyzing engine cycles using pressure-volume and temperature-entropy diagrams.
- Characterizing the ideal Otto cycle that models spark-ignition engines and the ideal Diesel cycle that models compression-ignition engines.
- Explaining engine parameters like compression ratio, mean effective pressure, and thermal efficiency.
Engine performance parameters
This document discusses various engine performance parameters such as indicated power, brake power, thermal efficiencies, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency, mean effective pressure, mean piston speed, specific fuel consumption, air-fuel ratio, and calorific value. It provides definitions and equations for calculating these parameters including indicated thermal efficiency, brake thermal efficiency, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency, indicated mean effective pressure, brake mean effective pressure, piston speed, brake specific fuel consumption, indicated specific fuel consumption, stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, equivalence ratio, and calorific value. The document was designed by Bhawesh Prajapati and references additional sources.
Dual cycle
The dual cycle is an important part of I mechanical engineering.
here I have to try to derive some of the rules and important parts.
such as,
1.History
2.Comparison Between Otto, Diesel and Dual Cycle
3.Dual Combustion Engine
4.Characteristics
5.Parts Of Engine
6.Stroke
7.Sequence of Operations
8.Expression For Efficiency
9.Applications
10.Automobile
11.Generators/Aircrafts
12.Marine Engines
I hope this will help you to get all your required information plz like it and share it.
Connect with me on :
Youtube: Harshal Bhatt
Instagram: harshalbhatt_official
Twitter: HarshalBhatt318
Snapchat: harshalbhatt31
Testing and performance of IC engine
This document summarizes the testing and performance of diesel and petrol engines. It describes the key components and operating principles of diesel and petrol engines. It then discusses various performance characteristics of internal combustion engines that are used to evaluate engine performance, such as brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, specific fuel consumption, mechanical efficiency, volumetric efficiency, air fuel ratio, and mean effective pressure. The performance of engines is tested by measuring fuel consumption, brake power, and specific power output using various types of dynamometers.
internal combustion engines are discussed including combustion behaviour
The document provides information on engine performance and terminology. It discusses how engines convert the heat of burning fuel into useful energy. It explains that engine efficiency is typically much less than 100% due to factors like friction and heat loss. It also discusses different types of engines like Otto and Diesel engines, and key engine components and metrics like bore, stroke, displacement, compression ratio, power, and torque. It provides details on fuel types, properties, and requirements for different engines. Overall, the document is a technical overview of engine performance and key concepts.
DJA3032 CHAPTER 2
The document provides information about piston engine processes and various engine cycles. It discusses the Otto, diesel, and dual/combined cycles. For each cycle it provides the pressure-volume and temperature-entropy diagrams. It also discusses air standard cycles and assumptions made in the analysis. Key points covered include defining the cycles, explaining the processes in each cycle (e.g. compression, combustion, expansion), and providing examples of calculating temperatures, pressures, efficiencies using the relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature.
DJA3032 CHAPTER 4
This document summarizes criteria for analyzing internal combustion engines, including indicator power, brake power, torque, specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency, and volumetric efficiency. It provides formulas for calculating these values and includes examples of calculations for various engine parameters such as brake power, brake torque, brake mean effective pressure, thermal efficiency, and specific fuel consumption. A Morse test analysis is also described for evaluating the power contribution of each cylinder in a multi-cylinder engine.
Volumetric efficiency calculating your cars volumetric efficiency
1) Volumetric efficiency is a measurement of how close the actual air flow into an engine is to the theoretical maximum air flow, given the engine's displacement. It is affected by various losses within the engine.
2) To calculate a car's volumetric efficiency, one must log engine speed, mass air flow rate, and intake air temperature data using a scan tool. These values are used to find actual air flow, which is divided by theoretical air flow to yield a percentage for volumetric efficiency.
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The document discusses key performance parameters of engines including thermal efficiencies, power outputs, specific fuel consumption, air-fuel ratios, and volumetric efficiency. It defines indicated thermal efficiency as the ratio of indicated power to fuel energy, and brake thermal efficiency as the ratio of brake power to fuel energy. Mechanical efficiency is the ratio of brake power to indicated power. Volumetric efficiency is the ratio of actual to theoretical air intake. Mean effective pressures and specific power input are also discussed.
Ic engines
The document provides an introduction to internal combustion engines. It discusses the basic differences between internal and external combustion engines and classifications of internal combustion engines based on fuel, cycle of operation, and combustion process. It then describes the basic parts and working principles of 4-stroke petrol and diesel engines as well as 2-stroke petrol engines. Key differences between petrol and diesel engines are also highlighted. The document concludes by defining common terminology used in internal combustion engines.
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internal combustion engine fundamentals are discussed
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محركات احتراق داخلي معهد اعداد المدربين-مكائن ومعدات
محركات احتراق داخلي معهد اعداد المدربين-مكائن ومعدات
internal combustion engines are discussed including combustion behaviour
internal combustion engines are discussed including combustion behaviour
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Similar to basic information of internal combustion engines
Effect Of Compression Ratio On The Performance Of Diesel Engine At Different ...
Variable compression ratio (VCR) technology has long been recognized as a method for improving the
automobile engine performance, efficiency, fuel economy with reduced emission. The main feature of the VCR
engine is to operate at different compression ratio, by changing the combustion chamber volume, depending on
the vehicle performance needs .The need to improve the performance characteristics of the IC Engine has
necessitated the present research. Increasing the compression ratio to improve on the performance is an option.
The compression ratio is a factor that influences the performance characteristics of internal combustion engines.
This work is an experimental investigation of the influence of the compression ratio on the brake power, brake
thermal efficiency, brake mean effective pressure and specific fuel consumption of the Kirloskar variable
compression ratio duel fuel engine. Compression Ratios of 14, 15, 16 and 18 and engine loads of 3kg to 12 kg,
in increments of 3kg, were utilized for Diesel.
Diesel Engine Power Plant - Syed Anser Hussain Naqvi
This document provides information on diesel engines and related power generation topics. It begins with an introduction to diesel engines and their uses in medium and small power outputs. It then covers classifications of engines, basic engine parts and operation, efficiency parameters, and miscellaneous topics such as alternators, transmission, and system stability. The key points are that diesel engines are commonly used for power generation where price and availability are considerations, and the document outlines the basic physical principles and components of how diesel engines convert thermal energy to mechanical power.
Variable compression ratio engine
This document discusses variable compression ratio (VCR) engines. It explains that VCR engines can modify the compression ratio to match power demands, ranging from 7:1 to 21:1. This allows for increased fuel efficiency of up to 30% reduction in fuel consumption. VCR engines can also reduce combustion emissions. The document describes different ways to modify the compression ratio and outlines experiments conducted to analyze fuel consumption at various ratios for a single cylinder VCR test rig. It concludes that VCR engines have great potential to improve engine power and fuel economy when combined with other technologies.
selfstudy-1.ppt
This document provides an overview of thermodynamic analysis and modeling of internal combustion engines. It discusses ideal thermodynamic cycles that are used to model different types of engines, including the Otto cycle for spark ignition engines, the Diesel cycle for early compression ignition engines, and the Dual cycle to model modern compression ignition engines. The key cycles and processes are defined and the calculations for thermal efficiency are shown. Factors that influence work output and efficiency, such as compression ratio, specific heat ratio, and fuel-air ratio, are also examined.
Aiaa paper final 2015 (2)
1. An innovative IC Engine concept for UAV
2. Low emissions, high SFC,
3. Computational Combustion Based Analysis
An Innovative IC Engine Concept for UAV Application
This paper presents some innovative concepts on an efficient Internal Combustion engine for UAV Applications
Innovative IC Engine Concept
This document summarizes an innovative internal combustion engine concept for UAV applications. The engine uses stratified charge combustion with rich and lean zones to improve efficiency. It also incorporates a turbo compound configuration with multiple expansion stages to recover exhaust energy. Initial CFD analysis shows the stratified combustion and scavenging processes work as intended. The concept could enable high efficiency engines across a wide range of sizes, from 100 HP automotive engines to 7000 HP engines for UAVs.
Internal Combustion Engine Part - 1
The document discusses various types of heat engines and internal combustion engines. It provides details on reciprocating engines, gas turbines, steam turbines, and compares internal combustion engines to external combustion engines. It describes the working of 4-stroke spark ignition and compression ignition engines. The key advantages of internal combustion engines are their mechanical simplicity, ability to use high working fluid temperatures, and better power-to-weight ratio compared to steam turbines. Common applications mentioned are automobiles, motorcycles, ships, aircrafts and locomotives. The document also discusses engine components, classification of internal combustion engines, performance parameters, and thermodynamic cycles like Otto, Diesel and Carnot cycles.
Ic engine
The document discusses the internal combustion engine. It defines the internal combustion engine as a heat engine that converts chemical energy in fuel into mechanical energy. It then covers various classifications of internal combustion engines including ignition type (spark ignition or compression ignition), engine cycle (four-stroke or two-stroke), valve location, basic design, cylinder positioning and number, air intake process, fuel used, application, cooling type, and components. The components discussed include the cylinder block, cylinders, cylinder head, valve train, camshaft, piston and rings, connecting rod, and crankshaft.
Measurementandtestingoficengine 160410092948
The document discusses key metrics for evaluating internal combustion engine performance:
1) Indicated power, mean effective pressure, brake power, mechanical efficiency, specific fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency are the basic measurements.
2) Indicated power is the total power developed by combustion in the cylinder, while brake power is the power available at the crankshaft.
3) Mechanical efficiency is the ratio of brake power to indicated power, and is always less than 1 due to friction losses within the engine.
Evaluation of Electric-Turbo-Compounding Technology applied to Marine Diesel-...
The document evaluates applying an Electric-Turbo-Compound system to recover waste heat from marine diesel engines. Modeling shows a system with an expansion ratio of 1.5 and engine design point of 85% could generate 490kWe per engine on a frigate, saving 43 tons of fuel annually and reducing payback time to 4.2 years with projected 2021 costs. Overall, the analysis found waste heat recovery via Electric-Turbo-Compound can provide cost-effective emissions reductions on certain vessel types.
Chapter-1-ICE.ppt
The document provides information about internal combustion engines. It discusses:
- The basic operation of internal combustion engines, which convert chemical energy from fuel into mechanical energy through a combustion process within the engine.
- The different types of internal combustion engines including classifications based on ignition type, engine cycle, valve location, design, cylinder positioning, air intake process, fuel input, fuel used, application, and cooling type.
- The key components of internal combustion engines like the cylinder block, cylinders, cylinder head, valve train, pistons, connecting rods, and crankshaft.
- The basic four-stroke and two-stroke engine cycles for spark ignition and compression ignition engines.
eti_03_EngineTestingOverview.pdf
Engine testing is done to develop and validate engine performance before mass production. It involves comprehensive testing of engine parameters like power, torque, emissions, fuel consumption, and validation against regulatory standards. A variety of instrumentation is used to monitor engine speeds, air and fuel flow rates, temperatures, pressures and emissions during testing. Dynamometers provide load on the engine and measure its output power and torque. Test results are used to improve engine design and efficiency.
Performance and Testing of Internal Combustion Engines.ppt
The document discusses performance testing of internal combustion engines. It covers several key parameters that are evaluated to understand engine performance, including power, efficiency, fuel consumption, pressure, torque, and air-fuel ratio. It also describes various methods for measuring these parameters, such as using a dynamometer to measure torque, measuring fuel consumption with a burette, and constructing a heat balance sheet. The goal of performance testing is to evaluate how successfully an engine converts chemical energy from fuel into useful mechanical work under different operating conditions.
IC ENGINE PARTS STUDY AND INTRODUCTION
The document discusses the basics of internal combustion engines. It covers engine classification based on the combustion chamber design, fuel used, strokes, cylinders and charging methods. The key cycles, components, performance parameters and factors affecting engine operation are explained. Testing engines on dynamometers and the different types of dynamometers are also introduced.
IC engine performance.ppt
This document discusses methods for improving engine performance, including through artificially aspirated engines. It analyzes parameters like indicated work, specific fuel consumption, indicated mean effective pressure, and fuel-air ratios. The document suggests that engines are most efficient near peak load and that artificial breathing attachments can help overcome the necessary design compromise between engine size and efficiency. It proposes turbocharging as an effective artificial respiratory system for engines through the inclusion of two pure control volumes.
Variable compression ratio and heat balance sheet
Variable compression ratio is a technology to adjust the compression ratio of an internal combustion engine while the engine is in operation. This is done to increase fuel efficiency while under varying loads.
INFLUENCE OF DRAG CO-EFFICIENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE VEHICLE
This document presents a study comparing the aerodynamic drag of two vehicles - the Maruti Suzuki Swift hatchback and Swift Dzire sedan - that have the same engine specifications. It finds that while the engine performance is identical, the sedan has a slightly higher aerodynamic drag due to its larger frontal area. Calculations show the sedan requires more power to overcome its drag at 40km/hr, which could impact fuel efficiency compared to the hatchback model. The document analyzes the vehicles' body designs and dimensions to calculate their drag coefficients and forces.
An Analysis of Effect of Variable Compression Ratio in C.I. Engine Using Turb...
1) The document analyzes the effect of variable compression ratio in a single cylinder diesel engine using a turbocharger.
2) A turbocharger increases engine efficiency and performance by boosting the intake air pressure. This allows more air and fuel to enter the cylinders to increase power.
3) The study varies the compression ratio from 12.1 to 18.1 and analyzes the impact on performance parameters like brake power, specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency at different loads.
The turbocharger improves engine performance by recycling exhaust energy to compress the intake air, allowing more fuel to be burned in each cylinder. Varying the compression ratio provides an opportunity to optimize these parameters.
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Effect Of Compression Ratio On The Performance Of Diesel Engine At Different ...
Effect Of Compression Ratio On The Performance Of Diesel Engine At Different ...
Diesel Engine Power Plant - Syed Anser Hussain Naqvi
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An Innovative IC Engine Concept for UAV Application
An Innovative IC Engine Concept for UAV Application
Evaluation of Electric-Turbo-Compounding Technology applied to Marine Diesel-...
Evaluation of Electric-Turbo-Compounding Technology applied to Marine Diesel-...
Performance and Testing of Internal Combustion Engines.ppt
Performance and Testing of Internal Combustion Engines.ppt
INFLUENCE OF DRAG CO-EFFICIENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE VEHICLE
INFLUENCE OF DRAG CO-EFFICIENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE VEHICLE
An Analysis of Effect of Variable Compression Ratio in C.I. Engine Using Turb...
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Upes 4 10-2019
sustainable village, how village income can be doubled by intervention of technology say by conservation of water, energy, skilling of rural youth etc
Aicte3
The document outlines AICTE's vision for 2025 which includes the following key goals:
1. Revising curriculum every three years and providing language content online for all.
2. Developing world-class infrastructure in higher education institutions.
3. Mandating AICTE certification for faculty and developing them further.
4. Requiring all institutions to obtain accreditation.
5. Connecting each institute to at least five industries.
6. Providing holistic and learner-centric education to all students.
7. Establishing research and innovation cells in all institutions and enabling one lakh startups by 2025.
Aicte2
many new initiatives have been taken by aicte to improve the quality of technical education India. These initiatives includes model curriculum, induction program for students, internship policy, examination reforms, mandatory internship, industry institute cells in every college, mandatory accreditation, perspective plan for technical education etc.
Aicte initiatives
AICTE during past two years have taken many new initiatives under the dynamic leadership of Prof Anil Sahasrabudhe, Chairman AICTE. The major initiatives are implementation of Sh M K Kaw Committee report. The committee suggested that AICTE should prove its functioning as facilitator. The curriculum should be changed as per the needs of the society as a whole. Use of blended learning (SWAYAM), teachers training, skill and vocational education, improving the level of weak institutes, more funding to AICTE by government of India, third party ranking system of technical institutes, single entry test for admission etc, rigorous accreditation system etc.
se of Information and Communication (ICT) in teaching learning
the need of ict in teaching learning has been explained. The shortge of teachers particularly in higher learning institution and difficulty in effective pedagogy have paved the way to effective ict approaches in teaching learning. This may be very essential in countries like india where class size is very large.
key chalenges in indian technical education
The document discusses key challenges in engineering education in India. It outlines 7 main challenges: 1) changing requirements and need for more skills-based learning; 2) issues with employability of graduates; 3) lack of industry interaction; 4) deficiencies in language and soft skills; 5) shortage of faculty; 6) lack of student initiative and absorbing capacity; 7) lesser exposure to reality outside of academics. It emphasizes the need for reforms in pedagogy, teaching methods, and making learning more practical to better prepare students.
Students skills for success
This document discusses the importance of developing 21st century skills in students. It outlines 10 key skills: verbal communication, teamwork, commercial awareness, analyzing and investigating, initiative/self-motivation, determination, written communication, planning and organizing, flexibility, and time management. It emphasizes that education needs to shift from an exam-oriented approach to developing these lifelong skills. The role of teachers is also discussed, highlighting that teachers should light the fire of curiosity in students rather than just filling them with information.
Skills and competencies
The document summarizes key points from a presentation given by Prof. M.P. Poonia, Director of NITTTR Chandigarh on January 13, 2016. Some of the main topics discussed include:
1. India has a large and young population and workforce but needs to improve vocational skills training. The education system focuses too much on examinations.
2. Teaching can be a rewarding profession due to factors like autonomy in the classroom, summer vacations, job security, and impacting students' futures.
3. The education system in India needs reforms like making it more skills-based and reducing emphasis on examinations to reduce pressure on students.
4. Institutes need to focus
internal combustion engine fundamentals
- In petrol engines, air and fuel are mixed and compressed up to 1/8-1/12 of the original size, while in diesel engines only air is compressed up to 1/14-1/25 of the original size. Petrol engines use spark plugs to ignite the fuel-air mixture, while diesel engines rely on the high temperature of compressed air to ignite injected fuel.
- Petrol engines are lighter, cheaper to maintain, and require less compression than diesel engines. However, diesel engines are more thermally efficient, can pull heavier loads, and benefit from cheaper fuel. The type of engine used depends on the specific power and efficiency needs of the vehicle.
skill and competencies in enginerring students
role of teachers and students competencies requirements are discussed. how NITTTR Chandigarh can help in improving the competencies of teachers and students are also discussed
Harvest innovative students
This document provides an overview of the National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research (NITTTR) in Chandigarh, India. It discusses NITTTR's vision, mission, programs and activities which include education and training, curriculum development, research and development, and extension/consultancy. It also highlights some of NITTTR's efforts to promote hands-on, minds-on, and hearts-on learning through community engagement projects, collaboration with NGOs, and events like Abilympics.
Goals and value system of NITTTR Chandigarh, India
special efforts being done by NITTTR Chandigarh for Improving Hands on, Minds on and Hearts on abilities of teachers and students is discussed.
Vision, mission and values of NITTTR Chandigarh India
Special efforts made by NITTTR Chandigarh India is presented for converting it into a dream institute for every teacher and making special efforts to inculcate ethics and values in newer generations
Energy technologies
The document discusses various types of energy technologies. It begins by defining energy and its different forms like light, sound, and wind. It then discusses the history of energy usage by humans from the invention of fire to early power projects in India. The document also provides context on India's current energy sector, including facts around capacity, sources of energy like thermal, nuclear, and hydro power. It concludes by discussing new and future wind energy technologies like vertical axis wind turbines, turbines integrated into buildings, and windmills in different innovative designs.
Geothermal and bio energy
Geothermal energy uses heat from within the Earth to provide heating and cooling. World geothermal electricity generation capacity was over 12,000 MW in 2015. The temperature below the Earth's surface increases with depth, typically around 17-30 degrees Celsius per kilometer. India has over 350 identified geothermal locations and an estimated potential of 10,000 MWe of geothermal power. Geothermal resources are used for district heating, greenhouses, fish and alligator farms, melting snow on sidewalks and roads, and electricity generation in power plants without producing emissions.
Industry Ready Engineering Graguates
1) Sixteen panel discussions were held between 2012-2013 covering major industries to evaluate technical graduates' readiness for industry.
2) The panels concluded graduates lack fundamental discipline knowledge, practical skills like reading drawings, and soft skills like teamwork and communication. They prefer white collar jobs over core engineering roles.
3) Suggestions were made to involve industry in curriculum design, emphasize hands-on learning through projects and training, and develop ethics and values to make graduates more well-rounded and industry-ready.
Strategic planning of NITTTR Chandigarh
the strategic development plan of national institute of technical teachers training and research is presented. Stress is given to improve our-self only, rest of the world will change automatically.
Skilling India issues and challenges
India faces significant skills challenges due to its large and young population. It has a workforce of 459 million but only 2% of youth receive formal vocational training, resulting in 260 million unemployed or underemployed Indians aged 18-50. To address this "skill gap", the government launched the Skill India initiative to provide skills training to 500 million people by 2020 through public-private partnerships, focusing on both traditional and emerging sectors. The goal is to boost employment and entrepreneurship among Indian youth.
Teachers and dedication
The document discusses reasons why teaching is a great profession and provides benefits of being a teacher. It lists 7 reasons: 1) autonomy in the classroom, 2) summer vacation time, 3) job security as teachers are in high demand, 4) schedule works well for families, 5) staying mentally young by learning about students and trends, 6) impacting students who will be the future, and 7) finding humor and enjoyment in teaching daily. It promotes teaching as a fulfilling and rewarding career.
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basic information of internal combustion engines
- 1. Internal Combustion Engine Efficiencies Prof. (Dr.) M P Poonia Director NITTTR, Chandigarh
- 2. What is Engine? Engine is a Machine which Converts Heat Energy of Fuel into Mechanical Power
- 4. Chemical Energy Heat Energy Mech. Work
- 5. Electrical and Chemical Energy is Concentrated in a Small Space. The Molecules or Particles that Store these Forms of Energy are Highly Ordered and Compact. High-Grade Energy
- 6. Low-Grade Energy Molecules, in which energy is stored more randomly than the molecules of carbon in a coal, classified as low-grade energy. Heat is low-grade energy.
- 9. Suction Stroke TDC BDC S 1 2 VC VS CR=(VC+VS)/VC
- 14. Indicated Power (QH-QC) BDCTDC ɳth= (QH-QC)/QH
- 15. Indicated Power
- 17. Thermal Efficiency vs CR ɳth = 1 − 1 rɤ−1 Otto Cycle ɳth CR
- 18. Air-Standard Cycle Assumptions • Working fluid is air as ideal gas. • No change in composition. • Heat addition from an External Source. • No Suction and Exhaust Strokes • All the processes are internally reversible • Specific heats are constant
- 19. P V pm patm Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (bar) VS
- 21. • L-2Brake mean effective pressure Meaning.mp4
- 22. Indicated Power (IP) IP= 𝑷 𝒎 ×𝑳×𝑨×𝑵 𝟏𝟐𝟎 IP= 𝑷 𝒎 ×𝑽𝑺×𝑵 𝟏𝟐𝟎 Where IP= Indicated Power, W Pm= Mean Effective Pressure N/m2 L = Stroke Length , m A = Piston Top Area , m2 N = Engine RPM
- 23. 1. Only 25% of the power produced by the burning fuel is useful . 2. Now, Computers control every aspect of Car. 3. Even most improving effect, the valve timing. 4. The cam is the brains of an engine. 5. It tells the engine when to fire its spark , when and how long to breathe in and out. Engine Future
- 24. An engine is setup to run most efficiently at one speed. Every other speed the engine has no chance to run as efficiently . There are companies that are now trying to make engines with variable valve timing. Engine Future
- 25. FAQ • The ratio of the heat equivalent to one kW hour to the heat in fuel per B.P. hour is termed as brake thermal efficiency. a)True b) False
- 26. FAQ • The ratio of the work obtained at the crankshaft in a given time to the energy supplied during the same time is called a) Mechanical efficiency b) Overall efficiency c) Indicated thermal efficiency d) Volumetric efficiency
- 27. FAQ • The ratio of the brake power to the indicated power is called a) Mechanical efficiency b) Overall efficiency c) Indicated thermal efficiency d) Volumetric efficiency
- 28. FAQ • The ratio of the indicated thermal efficiency to the air standard efficiency is known as a) Mechanical efficiency b) Overall efficiency c) Relative efficiency d) Volumetric efficiency
- 29. FAQ • The correct sequence of the decreasing order of brake thermal efficiency a) Four stroke C.I. , four stroke S.I. , two stroke S.I. engine b) Four stroke S.I. , four stroke C.I. , two stroke S.I. engine c) Four stroke C.I. , two stroke S.I. , four stroke S.I. engine
- 30. FAQ • The brake power of a diesel engine, keeping other parameters constant, can be increased by a) Decreasing the density of intake air b) Increasing the temperature of intake air c) Increasing the pressure of intake air d) Decreasing the pressure of intake air
- 31. Thanks