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Automatic Train collision and Accident Avoidance system
This document proposes three ideas to help avoid train collisions and accidents: 1. An automated braking system for trains that can detect obstacles from long distances and apply the brakes optimally. 2. Real-time train monitoring systems along tracks that provide trains' speed, direction, and location to prevent vehicle collisions at crossings. 3. An alert system using pattern recognition of images along the tracks to detect changes like animals and notify personnel of potential collisions. Implementing these ideas could greatly reduce rail accidents from collisions in the future.
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Automatic Train collision and Accident Avoidance system
- 1. Automatic Train Collision and AccidentAvoidance System By, R.Pradeep Raj III Year EEE, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College.
- 2. Contents • Importance ofthis topic • Rail accidents – An overview • Ideas suggested : – Automated Braking in Trains – Real-time Train monitoring – Alert system using Pattern Recognition
- 3.
- 4. Rail accidents • 4January 1961 - Frontal collision of two passenger trains near Umeshnagar. 35 dead, 61 wounded. • 13 August 1998: Nineteen killed and 27 injured as a bus rams into the Chennai–Madurai Express train at an unmanned level-crossing. • 13 November 2013 - A herd of 40 elephants was struck by a passenger train in Chapramari Wildlife Sanctuary.
- 5. 1. Automated braking •To detect the presence of obstacle even from a long range • Human inaccuracy • Optimal level of brake application Need :
- 6. Braking System Types : •Vacuum brake (obsolete) • Air brake (currently in use) - Westinghouse Brake The average braking distance of a train moving at a speed of 100 km/hr is about 300m. Dynamic Braking
- 7.
- 8. Ultrasonic Transducer Productionof high frequency sound waves around 18,000 hertz Works on the principle of Piezo-electric Effect Generated by Piezo-electric crystal Also produced by Magneto-striction effect Time interval between sending and reception
- 9.
- 10. O B S T A C L E ADC Microcontroller Driver circuitand Actuator T R A N C E I V E R Application of Brakes Intimate the Loco-driver
- 11. 2. Real-time TrainMonitoring Placing for every 300m – 500m in unmanned level crossing and accident prone zones. It gives the real time parameters of train : Speed of the train Direction of the train Location of the train
- 12. Piezo-electric sensor • Changesin pressure • Acceleration • strain or force by converting to electrical signals To measure
- 13.
- 14. What can weachieve? • An easiest way to get the real-time parameters • Intelligent alert system at crossing • Best way to eradicate Train-Vehicle collision
- 15. 3. Pattern Recognition AnApplication of Digital Image Processing Based on Bayesian Decision Theory Types : 1. Statistical Pattern Recognition 2. Structural Pattern recognition
- 16. Alert using PatternRecognition • It compare the sensed image with predefined image pattern which is stored and takes decision.
- 17. Ecological Gateway A geographicallocation along or between the forest where migration of animals occurs.
- 18. What we planned? • Image pattern of track is predefined in Image processor and monitored regularly. • If any major change in image pattern is sensed it will alert personnel in control room.
- 19. START CAMERA MONITORS THE TRACK IF CHANGE OCCURS ALERTSTHE DETECTION TO CONTROL ROOM DECISION WAS TAKEN STOP NO ACTION (IDLE STATE) NO YES FLOW CHART :
- 20. Pros of theIdea • No need to monitor the track for 24*7 • Animal collision is greatly reduced • Needs to be installed only in specified area
- 21. Conclusion 0 10 20 30 40 Year 1890's 1900's 1950's 1970's 1980's 1990's 2000's 2011-13 2020's When these ideasare implemented in the future, surely the rate of rail-accidents due to collision can be drastically reduced.