This document describes an automatic railway gate control system using infrared sensors. The system uses a microcontroller, IR transmitters and receivers, a stepper motor, and LCD display. It aims to overcome issues with manual gate control like human error and delays. When a train approaches, the IR sensors detect it and send a signal to the microcontroller. The microcontroller then controls the stepper motor to automatically open and close the gate. This system reduces risks at unmanned railway crossings by automating the gate operation.

1. AUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATEAUTOMATIC RAILWAY GATE
CONTROL USING IRCONTROL USING IR
Presented byPresented by
 S. SUDHARSHAN REDDYS. SUDHARSHAN REDDY
 Y.ANURAGY.ANURAG
 K.HARISHK.HARISH GUIDED BY VIJAY SIRGUIDED BY VIJAY SIR
ASST.PROFESSORASST.PROFESSOR

3. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
 BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION
 ADVANTAGES
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSION

4. INTRODUCTION
 Railways being the cheapest mode ofRailways being the cheapest mode of
transportation are preferred over all thetransportation are preferred over all the
other means.other means.
 Everyday we come across many railwayEveryday we come across many railway
accidents.accidents.
 due to the carelessness in manual operationsdue to the carelessness in manual operations
or lack of workers or unnamed railwayor lack of workers or unnamed railway
stationsstations

5. Existing System:-
 Manual/Physical gate closing & opening.
 Manual switch based gate closing & opening.
Limitations of exiting system:-
 Chances of human error.
 Time consuming.
 A lot of human resource is required.

6.  Present project is designed usingPresent project is designed using
8051microcontroller.8051microcontroller.
 It has powerful IR transmitters and receivers.It has powerful IR transmitters and receivers.
 One pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed atOne pair of transmitter and receiver is fixed at
up side, the other pair is fixed at down side ofup side, the other pair is fixed at down side of
the train direction.the train direction.
 We,We, In order to overcome these dangerousIn order to overcome these dangerous
problems in this project came up with a solutionproblems in this project came up with a solution
for thefor the same.

7.  HARDWARE DESCRIPTION:HARDWARE DESCRIPTION:
 Micro controllerMicro controller :: AT89X seriesAT89X series
 CrystalCrystal :: 11.0592 MHz11.0592 MHz
 Power supply : 12vPower supply : 12v
 TransformerTransformer :: 12V step down12V step down
 FilterFilter :: 1000uf/25V1000uf/25V
 Voltage RegulatorVoltage Regulator :: LM7805LM7805
 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION:
 Keil IDE( INTEGRATED Development
Environment)
 Keil complier
 UC flash

8. BLOCK DIAGRAM

9. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTIONBLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION
• MICROCONTROLLER
• POWER SUPPLY
• IR SENSOR
• STEPPER MOTER
• LCD

10. MICROCONTROLLER
 It has a 40 pins
 4096 bytes on chip program memory
 128 bytes on chip data ram memory
 32 bidirectional i/o lines
 16 bit timers/counters
 64 kilobytes external memory addressability
 High speed programmable serial port
 128 user defined flags

11.  POWER SUPPLY:
 12V Power Supply is Required
 8051 operates on dc power supply of +5v
 +5v is connected to vcc(40pin)&vss(20pin)
 It’s operating frequency is 12MHZ
 IR SENSOR:
 This circuit has two stages: a transmitter unit and aThis circuit has two stages: a transmitter unit and a
receiver unitreceiver unit
 The transmitter unit consists of an infrared LEDThe transmitter unit consists of an infrared LED
 Transmitter sensor gives the infra red raysTransmitter sensor gives the infra red rays
depending
upon the input frequency of the sensor

12. STEPPER MOTORSTEPPER MOTOR
 Stepper motor is used for controlling theStepper motor is used for controlling the
gates.gates.
 They are used in accurate motion control byThey are used in accurate motion control by
counting number of steps applied to it.counting number of steps applied to it.
 Three types:Three types:
* Unipolar motor* Unipolar motor
* Bipolar motor* Bipolar motor
* Variable reluctance motor* Variable reluctance motor
 ULN2003 is used to increase driving capacity.ULN2003 is used to increase driving capacity.

13. LCD DISPLAYLCD DISPLAY
 LCD display are widely used in robotics, mobile phones, DVDLCD display are widely used in robotics, mobile phones, DVD
players.players.
 Are of two types:Are of two types:
* Text display* Text display
* Graphics display* Graphics display
 Here we have used 16x2pin LCDHere we have used 16x2pin LCD

14.  ADVANTAGES:ADVANTAGES:
 Avoids railway accidents at remote areas.Avoids railway accidents at remote areas.
 Reduces man-power.Reduces man-power.
 Elimination of human error.Elimination of human error.
 Time delay due to manual work.Time delay due to manual work.
APPLICATIONS:APPLICATIONS:
 Railway gate controlling.Railway gate controlling.
 Parking gate controlling.Parking gate controlling.

15. CONCLUSION
 Finally we conclude, by avoiding man
power and manual operation of system
risk towards the railway gate control can
be over come using automatic railway
gate control using Ir.

16. THANK YOUTHANK YOU