This document describes an automatic railway track crack detection system that uses IR sensors and a microcontroller. IR sensors transmit radiation patterns to detect cracks in railway tracks by comparing the received pattern to a threshold. When a crack is detected, a GPS system records the location and a GSM module sends an SMS alert with the coordinates to relevant authorities. The system aims to address derailments caused by undetected cracks that can result in loss of life and property.

1. AUTOMATIC RAILWAY TRACK CRACK
DETECTOR
• REPRESENTED BY :
• AMARJEET VERMA
• ESHAN MISHRA
• SHIVANGI SRIVASTAVA

2. INTRODUCTION
• This project the issue of enormous derailment
leading to loss of life and property is given attention.
• To detect the cracks and irregularities in railway
track using sensors and microcontrollers.

3. ABSTRACT
• To detect railway track crack using IR sensors
and microcontrollers.
• In this system a GPS system used whose
function is tracing the current latitude and
longitude data where the crack is detected.
• The GSM module is used to send the current
latitude and longitude data to the relevant
authority as an SMS for further action .

4. Functional Block Diagram Of System

5. IR Sensors
• The IR sensors transmits a radiation pattern and
detects it back then comparing the radiation pattern
generated with that of threshold pattern in the given
microcontroller circuit.
• The principle involved in this crack detection is that
light reaching the IR receiver is proportional to the
intensity of crack i.e. when maximum light transmitted
by transmitter reaches the receiver the crack intensity
is more. The IR transmitter will be attached to one side
of the rails and the IR receiver to the opposite side.

6. Microcontroller
• we use PIC16F877A microcontroller. It is a low
power, high speed CMOS FLASH/EEPROM
technology. It is also a low cost easy to
program microcontroller which have only 35
instruction set.

7. RS-232 Interface
• In telecommunications, RS-232 is a standard
for serial communication transmission of data.
• It formally defines the signals connecting
between a DTE (data terminal equipment)
such as a computer terminal, and a DCE( data
communication equipment), such as a
modem.
• The maximum data rate of RS-232C is 19.2 k
baud or bits per second.

8. Conclusion
• The Indian railways are the largest rail passenger
transport in today’s world and it is the back bone of the
country transport infrastructure.
• The main problem about a railway analysis is detection
of cracks in the structure.
• If these deficiencies are not controlled at early stages
they might lead to a number of derailments resulting in
a heavy loss of life and property.
• The proposed broken rail detection system
automatically detects the faulty rail track without any
human intervention.

9. Thanks