The document discusses seven approaches to educational planning: 1. The intra-educational extrapolation model which focuses on expanding one program based on existing data. 2. The demographic projection model which estimates future population needs to determine new school/college permissions. 3. School mapping which considers geographical locations of schools from national to local levels. 4. The manpower/human resource development approach which plans education around developing needed skills. 5. The social demand approach which aims to fulfill educational needs at all levels based on societal demands. 6. The rate of return approach which views education as an investment and measures costs and benefits. 7. The social justice approach which focuses on planning education for deprived groups

1. 4.2 Approaches to Educational Planning Prof.S.G.Isave, Tilak College of Education, Pune-30

2. Approaches Intra-educational extrapolation model. Demographic projection model. School mapping. Manpower or human resource development approach or model. Social demand approach or model. Rate of return approach or model. Social justice approach or model

3. 1.Intra-educational Extrapolation model. Planning based on data available. Concentration on one aspect / program. Size of target, time, money. Govt. schemes, organization of workshop

4. 2.Demographic Projection Model Demographic development has become a source of planning. Estimating the population that future educational system is to serve. Useful to take decision on new school/college permission.

5. 3.School mapping. Micro planning. Geographical location of school is considered. From national frame to regional and local conditions and constraints

6. 4.Manpower or Human Resource Development Approach or Model Planning should consider of human resource in all fields required for country. Education planning should be skill based, expected man power. Based on demand supply principle. Need based .

7. 5.Social Demand approach or model. Educational planning should be given according to the demand from society. It should be able to fulfill to need of all level education . It focuses on quantitative planning.

8. 6.Rate of Return approach or Model Economics approach Capitalist approach. Cost – effectiveness/ cost-benefits More benefits – more investment. Education as an investment. Measurement is difficult. Ignoring personal satisfaction, social development.

9. 7.Social Justice Approach or Model Planning for social development. Constitutional goals. Education for Deprived groups of society like dalits, women, minority. Equal opportunity .

10. All approaches are related with each other. In a single plan there will be degree of all approaches.

11. MORE APPROACHES 1. Pattern oriented approaches.– Following the successful pattern of education implemented elsewhere. 2. Need based (Educationists) approaches. International , national , social , personal needs. 3. Resource based approach (Economists) Correlation of human and financial resources.

12. DURATION BASED APPROACHES Short term planning Long term planning

13. THANKS !