This research proposal outlines a structured approach for conducting educational research, focusing on developing a remedial program for underachieving seventh-grade geography students. It discusses the phases of research design, including problem statement, objectives, methodologies, and data analysis, while emphasizing the importance of action research in addressing educational challenges. The proposal also highlights the definitions of key terms and the role of hypothesis and research questions in guiding the inquiry process.

1. Research Proposal
Suresh G. Isave
Associate Professor
Tilak College of Education, Pune

2. Introduction:
• This Activity will enable teachers to
identify problems in daily school
interactions and solve it in a systematic
way.
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3. What is research ?
• Research is a studious inquiry or examination
especially investigation or experimentation
aimed at the discovery and interpretation of
facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in
the light of new facts, or practical application
of such new or revised theory or laws.
• Merriam- Webster.com (Feb 2015)
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4. What is Research?
• In a scientific method, first a person clarifies her
idea what she want to acquire. She reviews
previous studies and combines with its own
experience and defines the problems. Then she
collects the data from the informants and
subjects. After gathering the data she summaries
and analysis it and try to come on the particular
conclusion. Further she makes intervention as
per the findings to prove or to change the
conclusion and make the decision with proof. At
the end she does documentation of the
investigation that she carried out and
shares/submits or publishes.
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5. Educational Research
• Educational Research is applied science.
When the research procedure is adapted to
solve the problems in education, to find out
facts in education, to answer the questions in
education is called educational research.
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6. Action Research
• The research undertaken to find the solutions
of day to day academic issues is called action
research.
• The field of education often uses action
research, an interactive method of collecting
information that's used to explore topics of
teaching, curriculum development and
student behavior in the classroom.
(http://study.com/academy/lesson/action-research-in-education-examples-methods-quiz.html)
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7. Research Area in Educational Research
• Learning difficulties
• Learning styles
• Subjects specific skills
• Achievement
• Aptitude
• Interest
• Behavioral issues of
learners
• Issues related to parents
• Use of new methods
• Application of ICT
• Program Development
• Case study
• Inclusive education
• Teaching styles
• Evaluation
• Administration
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8. Research Proposal
• A research proposal is a concise and coherent
summary of your proposed research.
• It sets out the central issues or questions that
you intend to address.
• It outlines the general area of study within
which your research falls, referring to the
current state of knowledge and any recent
debates on the topic.
www.birmingham.ac.uk/schools/law/courses/research/research-proposal.aspx
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9. How to write a research proposal
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10. Title Page
Title of the research
A proposal submitted to YCMOU for the partial fulfillment of
DSM Course
Researcher,
Name of student (Roll No)
Guide,
Name of the Guide
Centre
Tilak College of Education, Pune
2017-18 10www.sureshisave.in/

11. Development of a remedial program for
under-achiever students of std 7th in Geography
Subject and testing its effectiveness
A proposal submitted to Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open
University, Nashik for the partial fulfillment of Diploma in School
Management Course
Researcher,
Pradnya Gaikwad (Roll No 43)
Guide,
Prof.Suresh Isave
Centre
Tilak College of Education, Pune
2017-18
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12. 1.Backgroud of the research
• Explain and prove how the problem exist with
various references.
• Describe the background, theory, facts,
reports, news related to the topic/
problem/issue that is selected for the study.
• Under achiever students : Concept, types,
theories, causes etc.
• Remedial program : nature and effectiveness
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13. 2.Review of related literature
• Review of previous researches of DSM, M.Ed.,
M.Phil., Ph.D., research articles-papers.
• Review of books and articles related to the topic.
• Exact match is not possible, so it should be
related with any of the research variables –
e.g. Development of a remedial program for
under-achiever students of std 7th in Geography
Subject and testing its effectiveness.
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14. 3.Need and Importance of the
research
• Describe how the study is useful to address
the broader issue and how the study will help
to find the possible solutions.
• E.g. the present research will be helpful to
provide solutions for better achievement of
under achiever students.
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15. 4.Title of the research
• Nature of the research, Population and
Variables should be mentioned in the title.
• It should be in title form and not statement
form, avoid verb in a title.
• Nature of the research (development),
Population (under achiever students of Std
7th) and Variables(Achievement and of the
remedial program )
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16. 5.Statement of the Problem
• Statement is an extended form of the title.
e.g.- Development of activity based remedial
program for under-achiever students of std 7th
in Geography Subject to improve scores in
written exam and testing the effectiveness of
the program to improve achievement.
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17. 6.Operational Definition
• Conceptual definitions are taken from
books/articles.
• Operational definitions of the terms, defines
the meaning of the terms in reference to the
research.
• e.g.- Geography subject – the subject
prescribed in Maharashtra State Board
Curriculum as a third language for Marathi
medium.
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18. 7.Objectives
• Should be precise.
• Each should contain single statement.
• An objective should be assigned to each phase
of the research.
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Find the
status
Development
of the
program
Pre-test
Implementation
of
intervention
Post-test

19. Objectives (Phases wise)
• To find out the status of the problem
( ..achievement of the students in Geography
..)
• To find out/determine/assess the nature of the
problem ( ..Geography achievement..)
• To develop program ( to improve ……………..)
• To test the effectiveness of the program
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20. 8.Hypothesis
• Hypothesis – for quantitative study
(Experimental research)
• An hypothesis is a specific statement of
prediction of result of a study.
• It describes in concrete, rather than
theoretical, terms what researcher expects,
will be outcome of a study.
• Hypothesis is wise guess/ tentative
answer/expected result of a problem.
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21. 8.Hypothesis
• Types of Hypothesis –
i) Research Hypothesis : Its is the expected
answer of the intervention.
e.g.-a)The achievement of the students in
Geography Subject will be increased after
implementation of remedial program.
b)The errors of the students in drawing
diagram will be reduced after a program.
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22. 8.Hypothesis
• Types of Hypothesis –
i) Null Hypothesis : Null Hypothesis is made for
testing the effectiveness by using statistical
tools.
e.g. There will be no significant difference
between scores of students of Std. 7th in
pre-test and post-test with reference to
remedial program.
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23. 8.Research Question
• Research Questions – Included in qualitative
study e.g. Survey
• Research questions should be form as per
objectives of a study.
e.g.- objective -To find out the status of the
problem achievement of the students in
Geography subject
R.Q.- What is the status of the problem
achievement of the students in Geography
subject ?
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24. 8.Research Question
e.g.- objective -To find out the status of the
problem achievement of the students in
Geography subject
R.Q.- What is the status of the problem
achievement of the students in Geography
subject ?
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25. 9.Assumptions
• Assumptions are the base of the issue and
program.
• Assumptions may be taken from previous
experiences, researchers.
• These are expectations of a researcher from
situation and a target group.
• e.g.- 1) students of Std 7th has problems in
Geography Subjects.( Morris,2016)
• 2) Remedial program help to improve learning
(Patil, 2007)
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26. 10. Variables
• Dependent - On which the impact will be
done ( impact/effect/change)
• Achievement, attitude, learning style,
problems
• Independent – With which the impact will be
done ( treatment/intervention/Program)
• Remedial program, use of ICT, use of different
strategies)
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27. 10.Variable
• Extraneous/ confounding variable –
age, interest, previous knowledge,
socio-economical status of the
students.
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28. 10.Variable
• Independent variable is a tool to
change dependant variable and
extraneous variable which may
interrupt the change.
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29. 11.Scope, Delimitations and
Limitations
• Scope – Level and Place
• Delimitations – Delimitations are
determined by a researcher about
attributes of population
• Limitations – Flaws/lackunas of the
research procedures or tools.
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30. 12.Population and Sample
• Population – the results applicable to a
specific group of common characteristics
• e.g.- 8th STD students of Geography medium
of state board
• Sample – small size group form population for
actual study e.g.- 8th STD students of
Geography medium of state board from
Priydarshani School, Pune
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31. • Sampling – The method to select the sample
from population Research-methodology.net
12.Sampling
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32. 13.Research Method
Types of
Research
methods
Historical
(Past)
Descriptive
(Present)
Experimental
(Future)
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33. Historical Research
• What was the status of variables?
• Historical research tends to find facts in the
past. Researchers focuses on historical sources
to collect the data.
• e.g. Case-study
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34. Descriptive Research
• What is the status of variables?
• A researcher may analyze the data that
he has collected and discovers that
different variables are correlated. It is
about finding the status of variable in
present situation.
• E.g.- Survey
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35. Experimental Research
• Is the status of variables changeable?
• Experimental research provides the control
on the variable and give opportunity to
modify the variable in controlled situation.
Researcher establishes a systematic and
logical association between manipulated
factors and observed effects.
• Action Research is a type of Experimental
method.
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36. Research Procedure
Selection of a
problem
Review of
related
literature
Defining
objectives &
methodology
Development
of data
collection tool
Development
of treatment
PretestExperimentPost test
Data analysis Conclusions Report writing
Presentation/
publication
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37. Sr. Purpose Data Collection Tools
1 To collect the
responses/views on a
particular issue
Questionnaire
2 To test one’s subject
knowledge
Achievement Test
3 To interview Interview Schedule
4 To find out the one’s interest Interest inventory
5 To know one’s aptitude Aptitude test
14.Tools of Data Collection
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38. 15.Tools of Data Analysis
• Data presentation – graphs, tables and tables
• Data Analysis & Interpretation – Percentage,
percentile, mean, mode, etc.
(Advanced Statistical tools - t-test, F-test etc.)
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39. 16.Schedule
Sr. Task Period
1 Proposal Writing
2 Review of Related Literature
3 Proposal Submission
4 Tool Development
5 Data Collection
6 Data Analysis & Interpretation
7 Report Writing
8 Presentation & Submission of a report
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40. 17.Budget
Sr. No. Head Amount in Rs.
1 Traveling
2 Development of tools
3 Development of program
4 Study material for students
5 Equipment
6 Report typing
7 Miscellaneous
Total
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41. 18.Bibliography
• A bibliography is a list of all of the sources you
have used in the process of researching your
work.
• APA style is used to write bibliography.
• In general, a bibliography should include, the
authors' names, year of work, the titles of the
works and publisher.
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42. References & Bibliography
• References :
• When a content
from sources copied
as it is, from original
source.
• Bibliography :
• When the content is
studied to
understand, not
copied as it is from
the original source.
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43. Books
• Bhandarkar ,K.M. (2014). Statistics in
education. Neelkamal Publications Pvt. Ltd.
Hyhrabad- 500 095.
• Koul Lokesh. (2011). Methodology of
educational research in education. Vikas
• Publishing House Pvt.Ltd. New Delhi.
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44. Article
• Minila K George .(2013). Development of E
learning materials for enhancing
• process skills in physics and its effectiveness in
retention among secondary school students in
Kerla Researcher. Retrieved
from http://hdl.handle.net/10603/63780
Appears in Departments: Government
Brennen College.
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45. Reports
• OECD.(2004). New perspective on ICT skills
and employment. Organization
• for Economic – Co operation and
Development, Paris, France. Retrieved from
www.oecd.org/internet/ieconomy/34769393.
pdf
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46. Thanks !
• Write me for suggestion or
appreciation on
www.sureshisave.in/
sgisave@gmail.com
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