This document discusses curriculum development and provides definitions, importance, and steps in the curriculum development process. It defines curriculum development as a planned, purposeful, and progressive process aimed at creating positive improvements in education. The key steps outlined are: 1) identifying problems, 2) assessing needs, 3) defining goals and objectives, 4) choosing educational strategies, 5) implementing the curriculum, and 6) evaluating and providing feedback. The overall purpose of curriculum development is to address societal needs and improve education, individuals, and society.

1. Prepared by
FARHANA KHALIQ
1913cukmr20
Master of education(M.Ed)
Semester 111
Department of school of education
Central University of kashmir

2. Meaning of curriculum development
 Curriculum development is planned, purposeful, progressive and systematic process
in order to create positive improvements in the educational system. Every time there
are changes or developments happening around the world, the school curricula are
affected. There is a need to update them in order to address the society’s needs.

3. Defnitions :
1) Rogers and Taylor:
"Curriculum development describes all the ways in which training or teaching
organisation plans and guides learning. This learning can take place in groups or
with individual learners. It can take place inside or outside a classroom. It can take
place in an institutional setting like a school, college or training centre or in a
village or a field. It is central to the teaching and learning process."
2) Dela Cruz:
“Curriculum development is involves general aims, which the schools are to pursue
and about which the more specific objective of instruction are attained.”

4. Importance of Curriculum Development
1) Broad scope of a society:
Curriculum development has a broad scope because it is not only about the school the learners and
the teachers. It is also about the development of a society in general.
2) Vital role of a country in economy:
In today's knowledge economy, curriculum development plays a vital role in improving the
economy of a country. It also provides answers or solutions to the world's pressing conditions
and problems, such as environment, politics, socio-economic and other issues on poverty,
climate change and sustainable development.
3) Development of society:
There must be a chain of developmental process to develop a society. First, the school curriculum
particularly in higher education must be developed to preserve the country's national identity
and to ensure its economy's growth and stability.

5. 4) Improve the people's way of life:
 The country's economy can improve the people's way of life through curriculum
development and in order to develop it, curriculum experts or specialists should work hand
in hand with the lawmakers, the local government officials, such as governors, mayors and
others; the business communities and industries and stakeholders to set implementing rules
and policies for educational reforms

8. Step1 problem identification
…building the foundation for meaningful objectives
 Before planning the curriculum, diagnosis helps in general analysis of problems, conditions
and difficulties. The purpose is to generate a new emphasis and new ideas about the
curriculum, by knowing thoroughly from various sources such as students cumulative records
teachers` recordings, parents, interviews, children's cases and their IQ achievement. This kind
of analysis of various aspects would lead to come out with a new conception of curriculum.
Diagnosis leads to understand the prime needs at different stages of curriculum. It helps to
improvise the content formation and also highlights the issues relevance that needs
modification for an effective curriculum.

9. STEP 2: TARGETED NEEDS ASSESSMENT
…refining the foundation
 A needs assessment of one’s:
1) Targeted learners.
2)Targeted learning environment.

10. STEP 2: Targeted needs assessment
 Identifies the specific needs and preferences of targeted learners and other stakeholders, which
may be different from learners and stakeholders in general.
 Assesses the environment (including the hidden and informal curriculum) which will likely
influence behavioral / performance outcomes.
 Permits tailoring the educational intervention to specific needs.
 Increases efficiency, prevents duplication.
 Builds relationship with stakeholders.

11. STEP 3: GOALS & OBJECTIVES
 …focusing the curriculum
 …the reason for teaching

12. Goals
 Goals are broad educational objectives, the general ends toward which an effort is
directed. They are usually not measurable as written.
 Example: The goal of the communication skills curriculum is ensure that residents
become proficient in gathering relevant information from, building effective
relationships with, and effectively educating and counseling others.

13. objectives
 Objectives are specific & measurable.
Examples: By the end of the curricuclum, residents will have demonstrated their
proficiency in the following patient education skills:
 assessing patients’ knowledge, beliefs, needs;
 tailoring education to needs;
 giving information clearly and effectively;
 checking patients’ comprehension and agreement

14. Step 4 EDUCATIONAL STRATEGIES
….accomplishing educational objectives
Content of the Curriculum
 Educational Methods

15.  How will you determine the contents?
 State the learning objectives.
 Provide schedule of curriculum events and other practical information such as locations and
directions.
 Construct written curricular material
 Suggestions for additional reading.

16. How to choose appropriate educational strategy?
 What is the most appropriate method that is congruent with the domain of its objectives?
 What are the resources that you need to implement?
 What is the new educational strategy that you have adopted to prevent decay(learner centered
approaches, educational strategies to promote newer competencies and professionalism)?

17. STEP 5: IMPLEMENTATION
 …making the curriculum a reality
 …converting a good plan into an accomplishment.

18. Step 5 implementation
 What should you do to implement the curriculum?
 Identify resources.
 Obtain support(Institutional, External)
 Develop administrative mechanisms to support curriculum.
 Plan to introduce the curriculum.

19. STEP 6:EVALUATION AND FEEDBACK
 assessing the achievement of objectives and
stimulating continuous improvement

20.  To determine if goals and objectives met
 To provide information for improvement
 To assess individual achievement
 To document accomplishments of curriculum developers
 To maintain and garner support
 To serve as a basis for presentations/publications