Anatomy unit 7 physiology of the skeletal system
•Download as PPT, PDF•
19 likes•8,670 views
The skeletal system consists of 206 bones that provide structure, protection, movement, storage, and blood cell formation. Bones are made of collagen, hydroxyapatite, and other tissues. The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton (skull and vertebrae) and appendicular skeleton (limbs). Long bones have an epiphysis, diaphysis, articular cartilage, and epiphyseal plate. Joints connect bones and include ligaments, cartilage, and fluid-filled capsules. Bone tissue contains periosteum, compact bone, spongy bone, marrow cavity, and Haversian systems. Bones develop from cartilage and are constantly remodeling through osteoblasts, osteoclasts,
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
The musculoskeletal system Anatomy and physiology
The musculoskeletal system is made up of bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and muscles, which form a framework for the body. Tendons, ligaments and fibrous tissue bind the structures together to create stability, with ligaments connecting bone to bone, and tendons connecting muscle to bone.
Skeletal system
The skeletal system comprises bones and cartilages that support the body, allow for movement, protect internal organs, and produce blood cells. There are two main types of bones - long bones in the limbs and flat/irregular bones in the skull, vertebrae, and pelvis. Bones form through either intramembranous or endochondral ossification and are constantly remodeled throughout life. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage, providing structure and protection to the head, neck and trunk.
Tissues
Tissues are groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. The four main types of tissues are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues cover external and internal surfaces of the body, and glandular epithelial tissue produces secretions. Connective tissues bind and support other tissues, and include specialized varieties such as bone, cartilage, and blood. Muscle tissues control movement, with skeletal muscle enabling voluntary movement, and smooth and cardiac muscles involved in involuntary functions such as digestion and heartbeat. Nervous tissue transmits signals around the body through neurons and neuroglia support cells.
Human Skeleton System
The skeleton is made up of bones and cartilages that form the framework of the body. Bones provide structure, protect organs, allow for muscle attachment, and store minerals. There are various types of bones classified by shape, development, and structure. Long bones like the femur have a shaft and two ends, while flat bones make up surfaces like the skull. Bones develop through intramembranous ossification from mesenchymal tissue or endochondral ossification that forms from cartilage models. The skeleton is highly vascular and innervated, with bones receiving blood supply and nerves along blood vessels to allow for growth, remodeling, and repair.
Skeletal system.pptnursing
The document discusses the skeletal system and bones. It covers the structure and function of bones, classification of bones, bone tissues, bone cells, bone growth and healing, joints, and common bone diseases. The skeletal system includes bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints. It is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and thoracic cage, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the limbs and their attachments.
Tissues- types and functions, glands and membranes
it consist of tissues their types, glands and membranes. it also consist of colorful images which will help the students to identify and differentiate the different types of tissues from one another. different types of glands and membranes are also explained with the help of images.
Human tissue
This document provides an overview of the four basic types of tissues in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue. It describes their general characteristics, classifications, and locations. Epithelial tissue covers and lines body surfaces and organs. It is classified based on cell layers and shapes. Connective tissue connects and supports other tissues. Its classifications include connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, and blood. Muscular tissue is excitable and contractile, with three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Nervous tissue is the most complex and forms the brain, spinal cord, and nerves to regulate body functions.
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OF JOINT
1) There are three main types of joints in the body: fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints.
2) Fibrous joints are joined by connective tissue, cartilaginous joints are joined by cartilage, and synovial joints contain a fluid-filled cavity allowing for movement.
3) Important synovial joints include the ball and socket shoulder and hip joints, the hinge elbow and knee joints, and gliding joints between vertebrae. These joints are important for movement and have structures like cartilage, ligaments, and synovial fluid that allow the bones to articulate smoothly.
Recommended
The musculoskeletal system Anatomy and physiology
The musculoskeletal system is made up of bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons and muscles, which form a framework for the body. Tendons, ligaments and fibrous tissue bind the structures together to create stability, with ligaments connecting bone to bone, and tendons connecting muscle to bone.
Skeletal system
The skeletal system comprises bones and cartilages that support the body, allow for movement, protect internal organs, and produce blood cells. There are two main types of bones - long bones in the limbs and flat/irregular bones in the skull, vertebrae, and pelvis. Bones form through either intramembranous or endochondral ossification and are constantly remodeled throughout life. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage, providing structure and protection to the head, neck and trunk.
Tissues
Tissues are groups of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function. The four main types of tissues are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues cover external and internal surfaces of the body, and glandular epithelial tissue produces secretions. Connective tissues bind and support other tissues, and include specialized varieties such as bone, cartilage, and blood. Muscle tissues control movement, with skeletal muscle enabling voluntary movement, and smooth and cardiac muscles involved in involuntary functions such as digestion and heartbeat. Nervous tissue transmits signals around the body through neurons and neuroglia support cells.
Human Skeleton System
The skeleton is made up of bones and cartilages that form the framework of the body. Bones provide structure, protect organs, allow for muscle attachment, and store minerals. There are various types of bones classified by shape, development, and structure. Long bones like the femur have a shaft and two ends, while flat bones make up surfaces like the skull. Bones develop through intramembranous ossification from mesenchymal tissue or endochondral ossification that forms from cartilage models. The skeleton is highly vascular and innervated, with bones receiving blood supply and nerves along blood vessels to allow for growth, remodeling, and repair.
Skeletal system.pptnursing
The document discusses the skeletal system and bones. It covers the structure and function of bones, classification of bones, bone tissues, bone cells, bone growth and healing, joints, and common bone diseases. The skeletal system includes bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints. It is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and thoracic cage, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the limbs and their attachments.
Tissues- types and functions, glands and membranes
it consist of tissues their types, glands and membranes. it also consist of colorful images which will help the students to identify and differentiate the different types of tissues from one another. different types of glands and membranes are also explained with the help of images.
Human tissue
This document provides an overview of the four basic types of tissues in the human body: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue. It describes their general characteristics, classifications, and locations. Epithelial tissue covers and lines body surfaces and organs. It is classified based on cell layers and shapes. Connective tissue connects and supports other tissues. Its classifications include connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, and blood. Muscular tissue is excitable and contractile, with three types: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Nervous tissue is the most complex and forms the brain, spinal cord, and nerves to regulate body functions.
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OF JOINT
1) There are three main types of joints in the body: fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints.
2) Fibrous joints are joined by connective tissue, cartilaginous joints are joined by cartilage, and synovial joints contain a fluid-filled cavity allowing for movement.
3) Important synovial joints include the ball and socket shoulder and hip joints, the hinge elbow and knee joints, and gliding joints between vertebrae. These joints are important for movement and have structures like cartilage, ligaments, and synovial fluid that allow the bones to articulate smoothly.
Skeletal system
The skeletal system consists of 206 bones and other connective tissues that provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, and produce blood cells. It is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton comprising the pectoral and pelvic girdles and upper and lower limbs. Bones can be classified as long, short, flat, or irregular. Diseases like osteoporosis and fractures are common skeletal issues. The skeletal system works with muscles to support the body and enable movement.
Anatomy of bones
BONE – AN INTRODUCTION
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.
There are around 270 to 300+ bones in Infants which gets reduced to 206 bones in adults.
Bones are dynamic structures that are undergoing constant change and remodelling in
response to the ever-changing environment.
Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells,
store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity.
The largest bone in the body is the femur or thigh-bone, and the smallest is the stapes in
the middle ear.
Joints
The document discusses different types of joints in the human body. There are three main types of joints: fixed or immovable joints where bones overlap and do not move; slightly movable joints where bones can move a little and are connected by ligaments and cartilage; and freely movable or synovial joints where bones move freely, including ball-and-socket joints in the hips and shoulders. The document further describes six types of synovial joints based on their movement: ball and socket, hinge, pivot, gliding, saddle, and condyloid joints. Examples are provided of each type of joint and how they enable different motions.
Anatomy & Physiology Lecture Notes - Skeletal system
website: http://am-medicine.com
Youtube Channel : https://www.youtube.com/user/ammedicine
Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/am.medicine
Tissues. types
The document summarizes the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue. It describes the structures, functions and examples of each type of tissue. The largest section focuses on connective tissue and its subclasses, including adipose, cartilage, bone and blood.
Anatomy and physiology of human tissues.pptx
This document provides an overview of the four basic kinds of tissues in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It describes the general functions of each type of tissue, as well as some specific examples, including squamous, cuboidal, and columnar epithelial cells; adipose, bone, and hyaline cartilage connective tissues; skeletal muscle tissue; and neurons as an example of nervous tissue. The purpose is to introduce the student to the fundamental tissues that make up the human body and their roles.
cartilage structure and function
Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body, including joints, ribs, spine, ears and nose. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic. Hyaline cartilage is the most common and is found at bone joints and in embryonic skeletons. It provides smooth surfaces and flexibility. Fibrocartilage is strong and found in joints like the meniscus. Elastic cartilage is yellow and found in ears and the epiglottis, providing shape and support to these structures.
Connective tissues
Connective tissues provide structure and support throughout the body. They are composed of cells separated by intercellular substance and fibers. The main cell types are fibroblasts, macrophages, and fat cells. Connective tissues include loose connective tissue, dense regular and irregular connective tissue, adipose tissue, elastic tissue, hematopoietic tissue, mucous tissue, cartilage, and bone. They provide structure, bind organs, support the body, store fat and minerals, enable nutrient exchange, aid in wound healing, and offer protection from infection.
The muscular system
This PowerPoint presentation covers the anatomy, physiology and common disorders of the muscular system.
The skeletal system anatomy
The human skeleton can be divided into two parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones including the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum, and forms the core of the body providing support and protecting organs. The appendicular skeleton is made up of 126 bones organized into the upper and lower limbs, including shoulders, pelvis, arms, forearms, hands, thighs, legs, feet, and ankles. Together the skeleton provides structure, movement, protection, storage, and production of blood cells to the body.
Anatomy and physiology Tissue Chapter
Epithelial tissue covers the surfaces and lines organs throughout the body. It is classified based on the number of cell layers (simple vs stratified) and cell shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar). Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue and binds other tissues together. It includes loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, fibrous tissue, cartilage and bone. Muscle tissue includes cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle. Nervous tissue forms the central and peripheral nervous systems.
general anatomy and development of bones
Bones can be classified based on location in the skeletal system or shape. There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone forming the outer walls and spongy bone in the interior. Bones form through two processes - intramembranous ossification where connective tissue is replaced with bone, and endochondral ossification where cartilage is replaced with bone. Blood supply to long bones comes from nutrient arteries in the diaphysis and metaphyses and periosteal vessels on the surface.
Nervous system
This document outlines the key topics covered in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. It describes the structure and functions of the central nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrum and its lobes, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. It also discusses neurons, neuroglia, and the peripheral nervous system including the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Key functions of the nervous system like sensory, integrative and motor functions are summarized.
Chap07 Bone Tissue
The document provides an overview of bone tissue, including its histology, development, shapes, and functions. Bone is a type of connective tissue composed of cells and an organic/inorganic matrix. There are four main types of bone cells that form or break down bone tissue through intricate biological processes. The skeletal system performs critical roles like supporting the body, protecting organs, enabling movement, and maintaining mineral balances in the blood.
Anatomy and Physiology Muscular System
The muscular system consists of three main types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Muscles are composed of bundles of fibers called fascicles. Individual muscle fibers contain myofibrils which are made up of overlapping actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model where the thin actin filaments slide past the thick myosin filaments. Energy for muscle contraction comes from ATP generated through cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
The skeletal system (slide show)
The document discusses the anatomy and features of the human skeletal system. It describes the main components and functions of the skeletal system, including support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell production, and energy storage. It provides details on the types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. It also summarizes the main parts of the axial and appendicular skeleton, focusing on the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and bones of the upper and lower limbs.
Types of tissue in the body
There are four main types of tissues in the human body: connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Connective tissue protects, supports, and binds other tissues. It includes bone, cartilage, fat, and blood. Epithelial tissue forms linings and coverings and produces secretions. It includes skin and lung linings. Muscle tissue contracts to enable movement and includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Nervous tissue conducts electrical signals to carry information throughout the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory organs.
Skeletal system
The skeletal system consists of bones, joints, and cartilage that provide structure, protection, movement, and support. There are two main divisions - the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the limbs and girdles. Bones can be classified by their shape as long, short, flat, or irregular. The skeletal system allows movement through articulations between bones at joints like the ball and socket hip joint. Common diseases include arthritis, fractures, osteoporosis, and various cancers that affect the bones and bone marrow.
The Skeletal System
The skeletal system provides structure and protection to the body. It is composed of bones, cartilage, and ligaments. The skeleton is divided into the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton, which includes the upper and lower limbs. Bones are living tissues that are continuously remodeled through the actions of osteoblasts, which build bone, and osteoclasts, which break down bone.
skeletal-system.ppt
The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight and reaches maximum density around age 21
Anatomy Unit 7 Anatomy Of The Skeletal System
This document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including the bones of the cranium and appendicular skeleton. It lists and shows images of the frontal and lateral views of the bones of the cranium, such as the frontal, parietal, temporal, and mandible bones. It also lists the sutures that connect the cranial bones, such as the frontal, sagittal, and lambdoid sutures. Additionally, it lists and images the bones that make up the appendicular skeleton, including the clavicle, scapula, ribs, sternum, vertebrae, pelvis, and long bones of the upper and lower limbs.
Skeletal System Anatomy and Physiology
The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the body's central axis and includes the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax. The skull is composed of two sets of bones - the cranium and facial bones. The cranium is made up of eight flat bones: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
More Related Content
What's hot
Skeletal system
The skeletal system consists of 206 bones and other connective tissues that provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, store minerals, and produce blood cells. It is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton comprising the pectoral and pelvic girdles and upper and lower limbs. Bones can be classified as long, short, flat, or irregular. Diseases like osteoporosis and fractures are common skeletal issues. The skeletal system works with muscles to support the body and enable movement.
Anatomy of bones
BONE – AN INTRODUCTION
A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the vertebrate skeleton.
There are around 270 to 300+ bones in Infants which gets reduced to 206 bones in adults.
Bones are dynamic structures that are undergoing constant change and remodelling in
response to the ever-changing environment.
Bones support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells,
store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility.
It has a honeycomb-like matrix internally, which helps to give the bone rigidity.
The largest bone in the body is the femur or thigh-bone, and the smallest is the stapes in
the middle ear.
Joints
The document discusses different types of joints in the human body. There are three main types of joints: fixed or immovable joints where bones overlap and do not move; slightly movable joints where bones can move a little and are connected by ligaments and cartilage; and freely movable or synovial joints where bones move freely, including ball-and-socket joints in the hips and shoulders. The document further describes six types of synovial joints based on their movement: ball and socket, hinge, pivot, gliding, saddle, and condyloid joints. Examples are provided of each type of joint and how they enable different motions.
Anatomy & Physiology Lecture Notes - Skeletal system
website: http://am-medicine.com
Youtube Channel : https://www.youtube.com/user/ammedicine
Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/am.medicine
Tissues. types
The document summarizes the four main types of tissues in the body: epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissue. It describes the structures, functions and examples of each type of tissue. The largest section focuses on connective tissue and its subclasses, including adipose, cartilage, bone and blood.
Anatomy and physiology of human tissues.pptx
This document provides an overview of the four basic kinds of tissues in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It describes the general functions of each type of tissue, as well as some specific examples, including squamous, cuboidal, and columnar epithelial cells; adipose, bone, and hyaline cartilage connective tissues; skeletal muscle tissue; and neurons as an example of nervous tissue. The purpose is to introduce the student to the fundamental tissues that make up the human body and their roles.
cartilage structure and function
Cartilage is a firm but flexible connective tissue found in many areas of the body, including joints, ribs, spine, ears and nose. There are three main types of cartilage - hyaline, fibrocartilage, and elastic. Hyaline cartilage is the most common and is found at bone joints and in embryonic skeletons. It provides smooth surfaces and flexibility. Fibrocartilage is strong and found in joints like the meniscus. Elastic cartilage is yellow and found in ears and the epiglottis, providing shape and support to these structures.
Connective tissues
Connective tissues provide structure and support throughout the body. They are composed of cells separated by intercellular substance and fibers. The main cell types are fibroblasts, macrophages, and fat cells. Connective tissues include loose connective tissue, dense regular and irregular connective tissue, adipose tissue, elastic tissue, hematopoietic tissue, mucous tissue, cartilage, and bone. They provide structure, bind organs, support the body, store fat and minerals, enable nutrient exchange, aid in wound healing, and offer protection from infection.
The muscular system
This PowerPoint presentation covers the anatomy, physiology and common disorders of the muscular system.
The skeletal system anatomy
The human skeleton can be divided into two parts: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton consists of 80 bones including the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum, and forms the core of the body providing support and protecting organs. The appendicular skeleton is made up of 126 bones organized into the upper and lower limbs, including shoulders, pelvis, arms, forearms, hands, thighs, legs, feet, and ankles. Together the skeleton provides structure, movement, protection, storage, and production of blood cells to the body.
Anatomy and physiology Tissue Chapter
Epithelial tissue covers the surfaces and lines organs throughout the body. It is classified based on the number of cell layers (simple vs stratified) and cell shape (squamous, cuboidal, columnar). Connective tissue is the most abundant tissue and binds other tissues together. It includes loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, fibrous tissue, cartilage and bone. Muscle tissue includes cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle. Nervous tissue forms the central and peripheral nervous systems.
general anatomy and development of bones
Bones can be classified based on location in the skeletal system or shape. There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone forming the outer walls and spongy bone in the interior. Bones form through two processes - intramembranous ossification where connective tissue is replaced with bone, and endochondral ossification where cartilage is replaced with bone. Blood supply to long bones comes from nutrient arteries in the diaphysis and metaphyses and periosteal vessels on the surface.
Nervous system
This document outlines the key topics covered in neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. It describes the structure and functions of the central nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrum and its lobes, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. It also discusses neurons, neuroglia, and the peripheral nervous system including the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. Key functions of the nervous system like sensory, integrative and motor functions are summarized.
Chap07 Bone Tissue
The document provides an overview of bone tissue, including its histology, development, shapes, and functions. Bone is a type of connective tissue composed of cells and an organic/inorganic matrix. There are four main types of bone cells that form or break down bone tissue through intricate biological processes. The skeletal system performs critical roles like supporting the body, protecting organs, enabling movement, and maintaining mineral balances in the blood.
Anatomy and Physiology Muscular System
The muscular system consists of three main types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. Muscles are composed of bundles of fibers called fascicles. Individual muscle fibers contain myofibrils which are made up of overlapping actin and myosin filaments. Contraction occurs via the sliding filament model where the thin actin filaments slide past the thick myosin filaments. Energy for muscle contraction comes from ATP generated through cellular respiration in the mitochondria.
The skeletal system (slide show)
The document discusses the anatomy and features of the human skeletal system. It describes the main components and functions of the skeletal system, including support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell production, and energy storage. It provides details on the types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. It also summarizes the main parts of the axial and appendicular skeleton, focusing on the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and bones of the upper and lower limbs.
Types of tissue in the body
There are four main types of tissues in the human body: connective tissue, epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Connective tissue protects, supports, and binds other tissues. It includes bone, cartilage, fat, and blood. Epithelial tissue forms linings and coverings and produces secretions. It includes skin and lung linings. Muscle tissue contracts to enable movement and includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle. Nervous tissue conducts electrical signals to carry information throughout the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory organs.
Skeletal system
The skeletal system consists of bones, joints, and cartilage that provide structure, protection, movement, and support. There are two main divisions - the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the limbs and girdles. Bones can be classified by their shape as long, short, flat, or irregular. The skeletal system allows movement through articulations between bones at joints like the ball and socket hip joint. Common diseases include arthritis, fractures, osteoporosis, and various cancers that affect the bones and bone marrow.
The Skeletal System
The skeletal system provides structure and protection to the body. It is composed of bones, cartilage, and ligaments. The skeleton is divided into the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton, which includes the upper and lower limbs. Bones are living tissues that are continuously remodeled through the actions of osteoblasts, which build bone, and osteoclasts, which break down bone.
skeletal-system.ppt
The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight and reaches maximum density around age 21
What's hot (20)
Anatomy & Physiology Lecture Notes - Skeletal system
Anatomy & Physiology Lecture Notes - Skeletal system
Viewers also liked
Anatomy Unit 7 Anatomy Of The Skeletal System
This document provides an overview of the skeletal system, including the bones of the cranium and appendicular skeleton. It lists and shows images of the frontal and lateral views of the bones of the cranium, such as the frontal, parietal, temporal, and mandible bones. It also lists the sutures that connect the cranial bones, such as the frontal, sagittal, and lambdoid sutures. Additionally, it lists and images the bones that make up the appendicular skeleton, including the clavicle, scapula, ribs, sternum, vertebrae, pelvis, and long bones of the upper and lower limbs.
Skeletal System Anatomy and Physiology
The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the body's central axis and includes the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax. The skull is composed of two sets of bones - the cranium and facial bones. The cranium is made up of eight flat bones: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
Skeletal System
The document summarizes key topics related to the skeletal system and bone structure and function:
- Bones provide structural support, protection of organs, leverage for muscle attachment, storage of minerals, and production of blood cells.
- Long bones have a diaphysis, epiphyses, periosteum, endosteum, and contain compact or cancellous bone.
- Bones are remodeled throughout life by osteoblasts which build bone and osteoclasts which resorb bone.
- Bones grow in length via the epiphyseal plate until closure in early adulthood. Nutrition, hormones, and mechanical stresses influence bone growth and remodeling.
Skeletal System Ppt
The skeletal system is composed of 206 bones that provide structure, protect organs, allow movement, and produce blood cells. Bones are living tissues made of cells and composed of minerals and collagen. The skeletal system includes bones in the hands, face, and longest bone being the femur, with the smallest being the stirrup bone in the ear. Joints connect bones to enable the body's 230 movable joints, and giraffes have the same number of neck bones as humans.
Interactive Powerpoint: Skeletal System
The document summarizes the key components and functions of the human skeletal system. It describes that the skeletal system is made up of bones and cartilage, with adults having 206 bones that provide structure, protect organs, allow for movement, and store minerals. It also outlines some of the main bones in areas like the spine, ribs, hands, feet, hips, legs, arms, and provides information on bone composition and joints.
The skeletal system ytt
The skeletal system has several key functions including support, protection, movement, storage of minerals, and blood cell formation. It is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebral column, and chest, and the appendicular skeleton of the upper and lower limbs. There are three planes (sagittal, frontal, transverse) and anatomical directions used to describe body positions and movements. Major joints like the shoulder, hip, knee, and vertebrae are discussed along with common injuries. Key bones, joints, and ranges of motion in the limbs and spine are outlined.
Human Skeletal System
The skeletal system consists of the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. The appendicular skeleton includes the pectoral and pelvic girdles and limb bones. The adult human skeleton has 206 bones, including 80 bones in the axial skeleton and 126 bones in the appendicular skeleton. Key bones of the axial skeleton are the skull, vertebral column consisting of 26 vertebrae, and 12 pairs of ribs. The skull has 29 bones that form the cranium and face. The appendicular skeleton includes the shoulder and pelvic girdles, with the limb bones of the upper and lower limbs making up the remaining bones.
Anatomy & Physiology Slides
This document provides a summary of key topics in anatomy and physiology that are relevant for the Philippine Nursing Licensure Examination, including the cell, integumentary system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system, endocrine system, cardiovascular and hematologic systems, gastrointestinal system, urinary system, and reproductive system. The cell, its structures and functions, and the process of cellular division are described. An overview is given of the skin and its layers, functions of temperature regulation and protection.
Anatomy & Physiology Slides
This document provides a summary of key topics in anatomy and physiology that are relevant for the Philippine nursing licensure examination. It covers the structure and functions of the cell, tissues, integumentary system, and skin. The main points are:
- The cell is the basic unit of life and is composed of organelles that carry out specific functions to maintain cell life.
- There are four basic types of tissues - epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous. The skin is composed of epithelial tissue and functions to protect the body from the environment.
- The integumentary system includes the skin and accessory structures. The skin has three layers - epidermis, dermis and hypodermis -
Lecture 23
The internal structure of skeletal muscle contains myofibrils made of thick and thin filaments that slide past each other. Thick filaments are composed of the protein myosin, while thin filaments are composed of actin. When calcium ions are released, they trigger the cross-bridge cycling of myosin binding and pulling on actin, causing muscle contraction. This sliding filament mechanism is how skeletal muscle generates force.
04 tissues.doc
This document discusses the four basic types of tissues in the body - epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural tissue. It describes the structure and functions of each tissue type and some key subtypes. The document also covers how tissues are affected by injury, aging, and cancer development over time. Tissues regenerate through inflammation and healing processes, though regeneration abilities decline with age. Cancer rates also increase as people age due to genetic and environmental factors.
Lifehistoryofrbc
Stem cells form proerythroblasts that develop into red blood cells through cell division. This process requires vitamins B12 and folate to synthesize DNA. Iron is also necessary to produce hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen and gives blood its red color. When red blood cells become old or damaged, the spleen and liver remove them from circulation.
The Skeletal System
The skeletal system is made up of bones that form the internal framework of the body. It has two main parts - the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the bones of the upper and lower limbs. The skeletal system performs many important functions for the body including support, protection of organs, movement, and storage of minerals.
NB Ch 3 Tissues
This document discusses the four primary types of tissues in the body: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. It focuses on epithelial tissues, which are grouped into glands and coverings. Epithelial tissues are classified based on the number of cell layers (simple or stratified) and the shape of cells (squamous, cuboidal, columnar). Simple epithelia include squamous, cuboidal and columnar types which line various organs. Stratified epithelia provide additional protection with multiple layers including squamous, cuboidal and columnar cell types. Glandular epithelia are responsible for secreting products into openings.
Skeletal System of Human Body
Joints connect bones and allow movement. There are several types of joints including fibrous joints made of collagen, cartilaginous joints made of cartilage, gliding joints which allow bones to glide against each other, hinge joints which allow bending in one direction, and ball and socket joints which allow a full range of motion. Bones also contain bone marrow which can be yellow and contain fat or red and produce blood cells. Some diseases that affect the skeletal system include bursitis which causes inflammation around joints, tendonitis which inflames tendons, carpal tunnel syndrome affecting the wrist, osteoporosis which weakens bones, and cancers like leukemia and myeloma which affect the bone marrow.
Heamatological disorders
Vitamin B12 deficiency, also known as pernicious anemia, is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies block intrinsic factor and prevent vitamin B12 absorption from the stomach, leading to megaloblastic anemia. It presents with weakness, sore tongue, and neurological or gastrointestinal issues. Laboratory findings include macrocytic anemia, elevated MCV, hypersegmented neutrophils, and low serum B12 levels. The gold standard test is gastric biopsy showing parietal cell atrophy. Treatment is lifelong vitamin B12 supplementation by injection or oral administration.
Haemopoiesis
Hematopoiesis is the process where blood cells are produced in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells. In adults, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are produced in the bone marrow from pluripotent stem cells. The stem cells differentiate into the various cell lineages through the effects of growth factors and cytokines. Erythropoietin regulates red blood cell production in response to tissue oxygen levels while granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor regulates white blood cell production. T and B lymphocytes mature in different areas with T cells maturing in the thymus and B cells maturing in the bone marrow and spleen.
Anatomy and Physiology The Nervous System 01/23/13
The document discusses the nervous system, including its major divisions of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. It describes the structure and function of neurons, glial cells, nerves, and reflex arcs. Key points covered include the roles of sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons in conducting nerve impulses, and how reflex arcs allow for rapid impulse conduction in one direction from receptors to effectors like muscles or glands.
Eye + ear
The document provides an overview of the anatomy of the eye and ear. It describes the structures of the orbit, including the bones that make up its walls. It details the layers of the eyeball - fibrous, vascular and sensory layers - and identifies structures within each layer. These include the sclera, cornea, iris, choroid, ciliary body and retina. It also outlines the chambers of the eye and the extraocular muscles. For the ear, it identifies the external, middle and inner ear structures, such as the auricle, tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles, cochlea and vestibular system. It provides a brief overview of the nerves, blood supply and functions associated with
Buffers Lecture
The document discusses several important factors to consider when choosing an appropriate buffer for an experiment:
1) The pKa of the buffer should be within 0.5 units of the desired pH to effectively buffer the solution.
2) Potential interactions between the buffer and any column matrices used in the experiment should be avoided.
3) UV-absorbing buffers should be avoided if using a UV detector to analyze the solution.
4) The ionic strength and salt composition of the buffer must be suitable for maintaining the stability of any proteins or detergents in the solution.
Viewers also liked (20)
Anatomy and Physiology The Nervous System 01/23/13
Anatomy and Physiology The Nervous System 01/23/13
Similar to Anatomy unit 7 physiology of the skeletal system
2401 lecture05 ch 6 bones and bone tissue for class and web
This document provides an overview of bones and skeletal tissues. It discusses the three types of skeletal cartilages, their locations in the body, and that they are surrounded by a vasculature-rich perichondrium. It also classifies bones into two regions - axial and appendicular - and four shapes - long, short, flat, and irregular. The structures of long bones and other bone shapes are described. The functions, microscopic structure, chemical composition, types of fractures and their repair, and homeostatic imbalances of bone are summarized as well.
Chapter 6 skeletal
The skeletal system chapter discusses the components and functions of the skeletal system. There are 206 bones in the human body that serve various functions including support, protection, movement, storage, and blood cell production. Bones are made of tissues like compact bone, spongy bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Long bones have a diaphysis, epiphyses, and growth plates. Bones grow through endochondral ossification and are remodeled through the actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Calcium homeostasis is maintained through the actions of parathyroid hormone and calcitonin. The bone marrow produces blood cells.
1.3 human movement system
Here are the top 10 muscles of the human body:
1. Gluteus maximus
2. Pectoralis major
3. Deltoid
4. Quadriceps femoris (vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis, rectus femoris)
5. Latissimus dorsi
6. Trapezius
7. Biceps brachii
8. Gastrocnemius
9. Erector spinae (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)
10. Triceps brachii
Skeletal system
The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, joints and ligaments that work together to support the body, protect organs and allow for movement. There are two types of ossification that can form bone - intramembranous, where bone develops in connective tissue, and endochondral, where bone replaces cartilage. Bones are constantly remodeled through the actions of osteoblasts which build bone and osteoclasts which break it down. Factors like nutrition, hormones, exercise and aging can impact bone remodeling and strength over time.
skeletal system.pdf
The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, joints and ligaments. Bones provide structure, protect organs and allow movement. There are two types of ossification - intramembranous which forms flat bones, and endochondral which forms most other bones through cartilage models. Bones are living tissues that continually remodel through the actions of osteoblasts which build bone and osteoclasts which break it down. Nutrition, exercise, hormones and aging all impact bone remodeling and strength.
mbbs ims msu
Bones have several important functions in the body including supporting soft tissues, protecting organs, containing bone marrow, and allowing movement. Bones are made up of cells, bone matrix, and mineral deposits. There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone and spongy bone. Bones grow and remodel through the actions of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Fractures are breaks in the bone that can be classified based on features like displacement. The bone healing process involves hematoma formation, callus development, and bone remodeling over time.
ASY-Bone.pdf
Bone is a living, dynamic tissue that undergoes constant remodeling through the balanced actions of bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts. It is composed of an organic collagen matrix and inorganic hydroxyapatite crystals. Osteoblasts form new bone by secreting osteoid that mineralizes over time, while osteoclasts dissolve bone, regulated by hormones like parathyroid hormone and calcitonin to maintain calcium homeostasis. Bone disorders occur when formation and resorption become imbalanced, such as osteoporosis where resorption exceeds formation. Biochemical markers of bone turnover include alkaline phosphatase and collagen breakdown products that indicate the rates of these remodeling processes.
skeletal system
This document provides information on the structure and function of bones and the skeletal system. It discusses the different types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. The document outlines the typical anatomy of long bones, including the diaphysis, epiphyses, epiphyseal line, and periosteum. It also describes the different types of joints in the body like immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable joints. Additionally, the document covers bone development and remodeling, common bone diseases, and key cellular players in bone maintenance like osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
skeletal system
This document provides information on the structure and function of bones and the skeletal system. It discusses the different types of bones in the human body, including long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. The document outlines the basic structure of bones, including the diaphysis, epiphyses, periosteum, and marrow. It also describes bone growth and development from early fetal stages through childhood and adulthood. Additionally, the document covers bone repair, common bone diseases like osteoporosis and rickets, and joints and joint movement.
bones
Bones are rigid organs that form the endoskeleton and have several important functions, including movement, support, protection and storage of minerals. There are two types of ossification that form bones - intramembranous and endochondral ossification. Intramembranous ossification forms some flat bones directly in fibrous membranes, while endochondral ossification first forms cartilage templates that are later replaced by bone. Long bones develop primarily through endochondral ossification, beginning as cartilage that is later invaded by blood vessels and replaced with spongy bone. Growth plates allow bones to lengthen, and remodeling allows bones to increase in thickness. Calcium homeostasis and bone health rely on adequate vitamin D, which facilitates intestinal
A and P Osseous tissue
Bone is a type of connective tissue composed of collagen fibers, ground substance, and hydroxyapatite which gives it strength and hardness. There are two main types of bone tissue - compact bone which is dense and strong, and spongy bone which is lighter. Bones grow in length at the epiphyseal plate through the production and replacement of cartilage with bone, and in width through appositional growth where new bone is laid down on the surface.
SKELETAL SYSTEM FINAL.pptx
The document provides information about the skeletal system, including bones and joints. It discusses the five types of bones and examples, as well as the general structure of bones. It covers the functions of bones, development of bone, and the bone healing process. It also summarizes the main bones that make up the axial skeleton, including the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
Bonehistology
This document summarizes key aspects of bone pathology. It identifies the main functions of bone tissue as support, protection, movement, mineral homeostasis, hematopoiesis, and storage. It describes the different shapes of bones and provides details on bone anatomy including diaphysis, epiphysis, growth plate, metaphysis, articular cartilage, periosteum, medullary cavity, endosteum, and blood and nerve supply. It explains the structure of compact and spongy bone, osteons, bone cells, and bone formation through intramembranous and endochondral ossification.
Implant Bone Physiology.pptx
Bone is a specialized connective tissue that forms the skeleton and is composed of both inorganic and organic materials. It has several functions including protection, movement, blood cell production, and mineral storage. Bone is made up of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes and has both compact and cancellous structures. The quality and quantity of available bone at an implant site influences the success of dental implants, as sufficient bone is needed for proper anchoring of the implant.
Bone Structure and Composition.pptx
Bones can be classified based on their position in the body as either the axial skeleton which forms the axis of the body or the appendicular skeleton which forms the appendages. Bones can also be classified by their shape as either long bones, short bones, flat bones, or irregular bones. The microstructure of adult bone consists of collagen fibers, hydroxyapatite crystals, and cells including osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and bone lining cells which are involved in bone formation and resorption.
6_histo_bone.ppt
Bones are composed of organic and inorganic materials and serve several functions including support, protection, movement, storage, and blood cell production. Bones are classified based on their shape and internal structure. Long bones have a diaphysis and epiphyses, while flat bones are thin and curved. Bone tissue is either woven or lamellar, and bones contain cancellous or compact bone. Bones develop through intramembranous or endochondral ossification and continue growing after birth through growth at the epiphyseal plate and periosteal apposition. Bone is remodeled throughout life by basic multicellular units and fractures heal through hematoma formation, callus formation, callus ossification, and remodeling
Introduction to osteology
Osteology, derived from the from Greek ὀστέον (ostéon) 'bones', and λόγος (logos) 'study', is the scientific study of bones, practised by osteologists. A subdiscipline of anatomy, anthropology, and paleontology, osteology is the detailed study of the structure of bones, skeletal elements, teeth, microbone morphology, function, disease, pathology, the process of ossification (from cartilaginous molds), and the resistance and hardness of bones (biophysics).[1]
Osteologists frequently work in the public and private sector as consultants for museums, scientists for research laboratories, scientists for medical investigations and/or for companies producing osteological reproductions in an academic context.
Osteology and osteologists should not be confused with osteopathy and its practitioners, osteopaths.
Bone phisiology
I have described most of the things related to bone physiology so you can take the important things to stduy what you think from this seminar.
Medical Surgical Nursing - Musculoskeletal Disorders
This document provides information on musculoskeletal disorders including physiology, anatomy, articulations, injuries, and fractures. It discusses the functions of bones and muscles in protection, support, movement, mineral storage, and heat production. Anatomy sections cover the types and classifications of bones, basic cell types, histological structures of compact and cancellous bone, and muscle types. Traumatic injuries like strains, sprains, and contusions are also summarized along with fracture grading and general nursing management.
Musculoskeletal disorders notes
This document provides information on musculoskeletal disorders including physiology, anatomy, articulations, injuries, and fractures. It discusses the functions of bones and muscles in protection, support, movement, mineral storage, and heat production. Anatomy sections cover the types and classifications of bones, basic cell types, bone features, and muscle types. Traumatic injuries like strains, sprains, and contusions are also summarized along with fracture grading and general nursing management.
Similar to Anatomy unit 7 physiology of the skeletal system (20)
2401 lecture05 ch 6 bones and bone tissue for class and web
2401 lecture05 ch 6 bones and bone tissue for class and web
Medical Surgical Nursing - Musculoskeletal Disorders
Medical Surgical Nursing - Musculoskeletal Disorders
More from wanted1361
Breast disease
The document discusses breast anatomy, common benign breast diseases including cysts, fibroadenomas, mastalgia and nipple discharge. It describes approaches to evaluating breast problems through history, examination, diagnostic workup and managing various benign breast conditions through lifestyle modifications, medications or surgery. The goal of treatment is to alleviate symptoms while ruling out breast cancer.
Rsp eit booklet_9066788_en
The history of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) began in the 1980s but it took decades to develop EIT devices suitable for clinical use due to limitations in sensitivity, susceptibility to interference, and lack of user-friendly software. In the early 2000s, a collaboration between researchers and Dräger sought to address these issues and develop the first clinically viable EIT system, culminating in the PulmoVista 500, which enables continuous bedside monitoring of regional lung function without radiation. Validation studies demonstrated EIT's potential for guiding mechanical ventilation and optimizing settings for individual patients with acute lung injury.
Abg acid base_assessment_questions_rev_1.0
The document provides 6 scenarios involving patients with various medical conditions and their arterial blood gas results. Each scenario includes 2 multiple choice questions testing interpretation of acid-base disturbances. The scenarios cover conditions such as opioid overdose, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory alkalosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, and introduce acid-base nomograms for interpretation.
Vent abg arterial_bloodgases
This document provides an overview of arterial blood gases (ABGs), including:
- What ABGs measure (oxygenation levels, acid-base disturbances, pH, pO2, pCO2, and other electrolytes)
- When ABGs are indicated (respiratory monitoring, unstable patients, post cardiac arrest, intra-operatively)
- How the body maintains acid-base balance through respiratory, renal, and chemical buffers that keep pH between 7.35-7.45.
- Common acid-base disturbances include respiratory or metabolic acidosis/alkalosis caused by changes in pCO2, bicarbonate, or other factors. Interpreting ABG values can help
Inter of arterial blood gas
This patient has an arterial blood gas showing:
1) Acidosis with a pH of 7.22
2) Elevated PaCO2 of 55 mm Hg, indicating a respiratory cause
3) Normal bicarbonate, supporting a diagnosis of respiratory acidosis likely due to her severe asthma attack.
Airway manegement
The document discusses endotracheal intubation as the preferred method of airway management during respiratory failure or surgery requiring muscle relaxation. It is preferred because it provides a protected airway by preventing entry of foreign matter like gastric contents. Accurate placement requires skill as patients are usually rendered unconscious and paralyzed. The airway examination aims to identify patients where intubation may be difficult in order to prepare alternatives before medications induce apnea. Risk of aspiration can be reduced through techniques like rapid sequence induction, cricoid pressure during intubation, and administration of a non-particulate antacid or metoclopramide. Factors like Mallampati classification, obesity, limited mouth opening, and distances between anatomical landmarks can
Quick guide to cardiopulmonary care
This document is a reference guide for cardiopulmonary care published by Edwards Lifesciences. It provides concise summaries of anatomy, physiology, monitoring techniques, and central venous access. The guide is intended as an educational reference for medical personnel and disclaims any liability. It has been compiled from available literature and the editors cannot guarantee the correctness of the information.
Presentation abg
Here are the key steps to analyze this mixed acid-base case:
1. Identify the primary disturbances:
- Respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation (PaCO2 28-30)
- Metabolic acidosis likely due to lasix use (daily high dose diuretic)
2. Determine the compensatory responses:
- Respiratory compensation for metabolic acidosis (lower than normal PaCO2)
- Renal compensation not yet fully compensated the metabolic acidosis
3. Analyze the ABG values in the context of the primary disturbances and degree of compensation.
- The ABG values reflect both an ongoing metabolic acidosis and respiratory alkalosis.
4.
The difficult extubation
The document discusses the top five post-extubation emergencies: laryngospasm, laryngeal stridor, acute hypoxemia, acute respiratory failure, and neurologic pathology. It provides definitions and discusses how to potentially predict and treat each emergency. Key points include that extubations should not be treated as routine, extensive assessment is important, and having difficult intubation supplies available is critical in case re-intubation is needed. The document emphasizes being prepared for potential post-extubation complications.
1357.full
This document summarizes a study on using an airway exchange catheter (AEC) to facilitate reintubation in patients with difficult airways. The study found that:
1) 47 of 51 patients (92%) who were reintubated with an AEC in place were successfully reintubated on the first attempt, with 41 of 47 on the first pass (87% first pass success rate).
2) Complications were low, with only 7 patients experiencing mild hypoxemia during reintubation.
3) Maintaining airway access with an AEC improved reintubation success rates and decreased complications compared to patients who did not have an AEC in place.
Difficult extubation a new management
This letter describes a new technique for managing difficult extubation when the tracheal tube cuff fails to deflate. A patient required laryngoscopy after extubation was initially unsuccessful due to an inflated cuff. The resident made a small V-shaped cut in the tracheal tube wall just beyond the inflating lumen attachment. This allowed air to escape and the tracheal tube was then easily removed. The authors believe this is an easy, quick, and safer method compared to alternatives described in literature. However, one should confirm difficulty is solely due to cuff failure before using this technique.
Pneu x system
This study evaluated the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) using the PneuX endotracheal tube system with or without elective endotracheal tube exchange. The study found no episodes of VAP while the PneuX system was in use in 53 patients over 48 hours of intubation and mechanical ventilation. On an intention-to-treat basis, the incidence of VAP was 1.8%. The study demonstrated that elective endotracheal tube exchange and intermittent subglottic secretion drainage can be performed reliably and safely using the PneuX system.
Pneumonia presentation
This document provides information about pneumonia, including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). It discusses the diagnosis and assessment of severity of CAP. Key points include:
1. CAP is a common infectious disease caused most frequently by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and chest imaging showing new infiltrates.
2. Chest radiographs are used to stage severity based on localization and number of involved lobes, and to detect complications like effusions or cavitation.
3. Severe CAP is defined by need for mechanical ventilation, septic shock, or combinations of minor criteria like low blood pressure, multilobar involvement, or low oxygen levels.
4. The severity of CAP is
More from wanted1361 (20)
ارزیابی قبل از راه هوایی و اداره راه هوایی در شرایط الکتیو و اورانس
ارزیابی قبل از راه هوایی و اداره راه هوایی در شرایط الکتیو و اورانس
Recently uploaded
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14th Edition (Hinkle, 2017) Verified Chapter's 1 - 73 Complete.pdf
Helminthiasis or Worm infestation in Children for Nursing students
Brief description worm infestation/Helminthiasis for Basic B.Sc Nursing students
Foundation of Yoga, YCB Level-3, Unit-1
Unit -1 of Yoga certification board, level 3, all topics covered. An exam conducted by ministry of Ayush for yoga enthusiastic students.
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PG in India
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort. Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
In this presentation , SBP ( spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ) , which is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis and ascites is described in detail.
The reference for this presentation is Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Textbook ( 11th edition ).
RESPIRATORY DISEASES by bhavya kelavadiya
The Children are very vulnerable to get affected with respiratory disease.
In our country, the respiratory Disease conditions are consider as major cause for mortality and Morbidity in Child.
Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
This presentation gives information on the pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes i.e. Eicosanoids. Eicosanoids are signaling molecules derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids like arachidonic acid. They are involved in complex control over inflammation, immunity, and the central nervous system. Eicosanoids are synthesized through the enzymatic oxidation of fatty acids by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes. They have short half-lives and act locally through autocrine and paracrine signaling.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s Perspective
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
NARCOTICS- POLICY AND PROCEDURES FOR ITS USE
This document outlines policies and procedures for handling narcotic and controlled drugs in NABH accredited hospitals.
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Challenges associated with ageing from a public health perspective
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
une 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
Pune Call Girls 7339748667 AVAILABLE HOT GIRLS AUNTY BOOK NOW
Pune Call Girls 7339748667 AVAILABLE HOT GIRLS AUNTY BOOK NOW
biomechanics of running. Dr.dhwani.pptx
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
Dr. Tan's Balance Method.pdf (From Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin)
Home
Organization
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
About AOMA: The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin offers a masters-level graduate program in acupuncture and Oriental medicine, preparing its students for careers as skilled, professional practitioners. AOMA is known for its internationally recognized faculty, award-winning student clinical internship program, and herbal medicine program. Since its founding in 1993, AOMA has grown rapidly in size and reputation, drawing students from around the nation and faculty from around the world. AOMA also conducts more than 20,000 patient visits annually in its student and professional clinics. AOMA collaborates with Western healthcare institutions including the Seton Family of Hospitals, and gives back to the community through partnerships with nonprofit organizations and by providing free and reduced price treatments to people who cannot afford them. The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin is located at 2700 West Anderson Lane. AOMA also serves patients and retail customers at its south Austin location, 4701 West Gate Blvd. For more information see www.aoma.edu or call 512-492-303434.
Recently uploaded (20)
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
TEST BANK For Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing, 14...
Helminthiasis or Worm infestation in Children for Nursing students
Helminthiasis or Worm infestation in Children for Nursing students
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
District Residency Programme (DRP) for PGs in India.pptx
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdf
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis - Pathogenesis , Clinical Features & Manage...
Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
Pharmacology of Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes and Leukotrienes
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International Travelers
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
Pune Call Girls 7339748667 AVAILABLE HOT GIRLS AUNTY BOOK NOW
Pune Call Girls 7339748667 AVAILABLE HOT GIRLS AUNTY BOOK NOW
Dr. Tan's Balance Method.pdf (From Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin)
Dr. Tan's Balance Method.pdf (From Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin)
Anatomy unit 7 physiology of the skeletal system
- 1. Anatomy and Physiology I Unit 7: The Skeletal System Physiology of the Skeletal System
- 2. Skeletal System • Bones are made of several tissues • Primarily made of collagen and hydroxyapatite - Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 • About 206 bones in the human body
- 3. Functions of Skeletal System • SUPPORT: Hard framework that supports and anchors the soft organs of the body. • PROTECTION: Surrounds organs such as the brain and spinal cord. • MOVEMENT: Allows for muscle attachment therefore the bones are used as levers. • STORAGE: Minerals and lipids are stored within bone material. • BLOOD CELL FORMATION: The bone marrow is responsible for blood cell production.
- 4. Parts of the Skeletal System • Axial skeleton – Skull and bones that support it – Includes vertebra and ribs – 80 bones • Appendicular skeleton – Limbs – 126 bones
- 5. Features of a Long Bone: Epiphysis: Ends of the bone. Diaphysis: The shaft of the bone which surrounds the medullary cavity. Articular Cartilage: Cushions the ends of the bones and allows for smooth movement. Epiphyseal Plate: Areas made of cartilage allowing for the growth of the bone.
- 6. Joints • Where bone meets bone • Ligament – holds bone to bone • Types of joints: – Immovable - skull – Ball-and-socket - shoulder – Hinge - knee – Pivot – forearm – Gliding - vertebrae
- 7. Joints • Cartilage covers ends of movable bones – Reduces friction • Lubricated by fluid from capillaries
- 8. Cartilage
- 9. Bone Structure • Periosteum – hard outer covering – Cells for growth and repair • Compact bone – hard strong layer – Bone cells, blood vessels, protein with Ca and P • Spongy bone – at ends of long bones – Has small open spaces to lighten weight • Marrow cavity – hollow in middle of long bones
- 10. Bone Marrow • Red marrow – produces blood cells and clotting factors – Found in humerus, femur, sternum, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis – Produces RBC 2 million per second • Yellow marrow – stores fat – Found in many bones
- 11. Bone Structure
- 12. Haversian System • Structure of compact bone • Rings of bone tissue with blood vessels and nerves in the center
- 13. Haversian System
- 14. Bone Development • Initial skeleton of cartilage in infants • Replaced with bone by osteoblasts • More than 300 bones at birth – fuse to 206 • Always growing and breaking down – Osteoblasts – form new bone cells – Osteoclasts – break bone cells down – Osteocytes – mature bone cells
- 15. Broken Bones • Fracture is a break of the bone • Simple or Complex fracture • Regrowth of bone: – Spongy bone forms in first few days – Blood vessels regrow and spongy bone hardens – Full healing takes 1-2 months
- 16. Homeostatic Imbalances Rickets •Disease of children due to a lack of vitamin D. •Calcium is not deposited in bones. •Bones become soft. •Bowing of the bones, and other deformities occur.
- 17. Homeostatic Imbalances Osteomalacia •“Rickets” of adults. •Due to a lack of vitamin D. •Calcium is not deposited in the bones. •Bones become brittle.
- 18. Homeostatic Imbalances Osteoporosis •Bone reabsorption is greater than bone deposition. •Due to any of the following: •Lack of estrogen in women. •Lack of exercise to stress the bones. •Inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus. •Abnormalities of vitamin D metabolism. •Loss of muscle mass.
- 19. Age Related Dysfunctions Arthritis: Osteoarthritis- 90% of pop. By age 40 chronic inflammation of articular cartilage can be normal age-dependent change can also be pathology due to ? Age-related changes decrease blood supply trauma
- 20. Osteoarthritis
- 21. Osteoporosis Decline in Bone Density Bone Resorption > Bone Deposition Increase Risk for Fracture compression fractures of vertebrae hip fractures Role of calcium, vitamin D, estrogen, exercise Calcitonin vs. Parathyroid Hormone
- 22. Osteoporosis