The skeletal system consists of the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, and ribs. The appendicular skeleton includes the pectoral and pelvic girdles and limb bones. The adult human skeleton has 206 bones, including 80 bones in the axial skeleton and 126 bones in the appendicular skeleton. Key bones of the axial skeleton are the skull, vertebral column consisting of 26 vertebrae, and 12 pairs of ribs. The skull has 29 bones that form the cranium and face. The appendicular skeleton includes the shoulder and pelvic girdles, with the limb bones of the upper and lower limbs making up the remaining bones.
The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals. The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints. New blood cells are produced by the red bone marrow inside of our bones.
Skeletal system. anatomy and physiology of skeletal system. appendicular skel...mamtabisht10
SKELETAL SYSTEM
bones, cartilage and ligaments are tightly joined to form a strong, flexible framework called skeletal system
anatomy and physiology of axial and appendicular skeletal system
Axial Skeleton: The axial skeleton includes the skull, spine, ribs and sternum.
Appendicular Skeleton:
The appendicular skeleton includes the appendages of the body, which are the shoulders, arms, hips, and legs.
skeleton of human body, skeletal system of human body, skeleton anatomy, intr...Dr Shahid Alam
skeleton of human body, skeletal system of human body, skeleton anatomy, introduction to skeleton, axial skeleton, cranium, cranial bone mnemonic for cranial bone, bone of skeleton system, 206 bones by dr shahid alam, dr shahid, shahid alam, alam
The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals. The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints. New blood cells are produced by the red bone marrow inside of our bones.
Skeletal system. anatomy and physiology of skeletal system. appendicular skel...mamtabisht10
SKELETAL SYSTEM
bones, cartilage and ligaments are tightly joined to form a strong, flexible framework called skeletal system
anatomy and physiology of axial and appendicular skeletal system
Axial Skeleton: The axial skeleton includes the skull, spine, ribs and sternum.
Appendicular Skeleton:
The appendicular skeleton includes the appendages of the body, which are the shoulders, arms, hips, and legs.
skeleton of human body, skeletal system of human body, skeleton anatomy, intr...Dr Shahid Alam
skeleton of human body, skeletal system of human body, skeleton anatomy, introduction to skeleton, axial skeleton, cranium, cranial bone mnemonic for cranial bone, bone of skeleton system, 206 bones by dr shahid alam, dr shahid, shahid alam, alam
all the stages of bone formation described in easiest way possible for better understanding including graphical representation for better understanding. description of each and very thing.
This is the skeletal system lesson PowerPoint from my Human Body Systems unit from the website www.sciencepowerpoint.com. This lesson investigates the skeletal system and includes activities, homework bundle, lesson notes, games, and much more. This PowerPoint is one small part of Human Body System Unit that includes a 13 part 8,500 slide PowerPoint.
The human skeleton is the internal framework of the human body. It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. The bone mass in the skeleton reaches maximum density around age 21. The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is a complex living organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals. The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. this is brief study on skeletal system ,that i prepared for my academic purpose .
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The details description is given in the ppt about the axial skeleton. We include the topics which are mentions below :-
What is skeleton
Skull
Hyoid bone
Vertebrae
Thoracic cage
This material is prepared for the beginners of medical and Paramedical professionals. The books referred were Tortora, Gyton and Ross and Wilson for Human Anatomy and physiology. Leave a comment if you find it useful which would make me to upload more study materials for the beneficiaries.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
5. HUMAN AXIAL SKELETON Consists of- 80 bones in Adults, 87 bones in children Includes- Skull (29) Vertebral column (26) Ribs (24) Sternum (1)
6. HUMAN SKULL Study- Craniology Human skull is dicondylic, bear two condyles and Tropibasic( Interorbital orbital septum is present between 2 orbits). Jaw suspension is Craniostylic.
7. HUMAN SKULL Total bones in skull-29 Cranium-8 Face-14 Auditory or ear ossicles-6 Hyoid or tongue bone-1
9. HUMAN SKULL……….Continued Cranial bones are join together by permanent (Immovable) joints called SUTURES. Coronal suture-between Frontal and parietal bones.
10. HUMAN SKULL……….Continued Lamboidal suture-between Pareital and Temporal bones. Cranium is characterised by presence of large called FORAMEN OF MAGNUM.
12. HUMAN SKULL……….Continued FORAMEN OF MAGNUM is surrounded by 2 exooccipetal, 1 supra occipetal, 1 basioccipetal bones. It is the largest foramen of human body, Spinal cord comes out through this foramen. Pituitary gland is lodged in a depression called SELLA TURSICA in Sphenoid bone of cranium.
13. HUMAN SKULL……….Continued Facial part -Consists of 14 bones- 2 Nasal 2 Inferior nasal conchae 1 Vomar 2 Lacrymal 2 Zygomatic ( Cheek bones) 2 Palatine (L Shaped) 2 Maxilla (Upper jaw bones) 1 Mandible (Largest bone of face & Hardest bone bone of human body)
14. HUMAN SKULL……….Continued Sensory capsule or Ear ossicle -Consists of 6 small bones, 3 in each ear……….i.e. MIS 1 Malleus(M) or Hammer shaped (Modified Articular) 1 Incus (I) or Anvil shaped (Modified Quadrate) 1 Stapes (S) or Stirrup shaped (Modified Hyomandibular) Note- Joint Between Malleus & Incus – Hinge joint Joint Between Incus & Stapes – Ball and Socket joint Stapes is the smallest bone of human body.
15. Greater cornu Lesser cornu Body HUMAN SKULL……….Continued Hyoid- Located on floor of buccal cavity. Consists of – Body Greater cornu Lesser cornu It is only the bone which is not articulate to any bone. It supports our tongue and provides insertion to some tongue muscles. Cranial capacity of modern man-1475cc. Fig. 7.6-2 : Human hyoid bone viewed from above Greater corn
16. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN Known as Back bone or Spinal bone. Made up of 33 vertebra but some vertebra fuse together so net total is 26.
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18. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued Human vertebral column is about 70 cm long and curved like ‘S.’ There are 4 curvatures in V. Column- Cervical and Lumber curvature are directed forward. Thoracic and Sacral curvature are directed backward. These curvatures help in erect posture and bipedal locomotion.
20. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued Vertebral Formula (Man )- 26(33) Vertebrae C7T12L5 S1(5)Cd1(4) Vertebral Formula (Rabbit )- 46 Vertebrae C7T12L7S44Cd16
21. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued Mammals are characterized by presence of 7 cervical vertebrae. Human, Rat, Rabbit, Giraffe all have 7 cervical vertebrae. Exceptions- Sea cow (Mantenee) and two toed sloth (Chloepus) have 6 cervical vertebrae. Ant bear(Tamandua)and has 8 and three toed sloth (Bradypus) has 9 cervical vertebrae.
22. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued First cervical vertebra is ring like and hold the skull so called ATLAS. It is also known as ‘YES BONE’. Human atlas is characterized by absence of Centrum and spines.
23. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued Second cervical vertebra is called AXIS. It is also known as ‘NO BONE’. Axis is characterized by presence of Odontoidprocess.It represents centrumpf axis. Note- Axis is absent in Frog. Join between Atlas and Axis is BALL AND SOCKET type. 3rd - 7th Cervical vertebrae considered as TYPICAL CERVICAL.
24. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued Thoracic vertebrae are 12 in number. These are differentiated in anterior and posterior. Ribs are attached to the thoracic vertebrae. Lumber vertebrae are Largest and heaviest. In human 4 foetal sacral vertebrae fuse together to form a SACRUM.
25. HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN……Continued All 4 caudal vertebrae join to form COCCYX. It is considered as vestigeal in human. Coccyx is Homologus to- Urostyle of frog Rattle of rattle snake Pygostyle of birds.
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27. Ist Thoracic vertebra Facet for clavicle Prosternum Ist Rib 2nd Rib Mesosternum Sternum Costal cartilage 6thRib Metasternum 7th Rib 8thRib 9th Rib 12th Thoracic vertebra 10th Rib 12th Rib 11th Rib Rib cage HUMAN RIBS
28. HUMAN RIBS…………Continued In human Ribs are 12 pairs. These are 3 types- First 7 pairs are True ribs Next 3 pairs are False ribs Last 2 pairs are Floating ribs Mammalian ribs are Bicephalous, means vertebral end has 2 processes i.e. Tuberculum (articulate with transverse process of vertebrae) and Capitulum (articulate with centrum of vertebrae).
29. HUMAN RIBS…………Continued Floating ribs protect kidneys. Note- Uncinate process is found in avian ribs.This process provide attachment surface for flight muscles. Cervical ribs are not ribs, these are backwardly directed processes in cervical vertebrae of birds.
30. HUMAN STERNUM Known as Breast bone. Support thorax on ventral side. 15 cm long. Consists of 3 parts- Uppermost-Manubrium Middle-Mesosternum Lowermost-Xiphisternum (Xiphoid cartilage)
31. HUMAN APPENDICULAR SKELETON Total no. of bones-126 Includes-Girdles (6) and Limb bones(120) GIRDLES-1.PECTORAL (2X2=4) 2.PELVIC GIRDLE (1X2=2)
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33. HUMAN APPENDICULAR SKELETON……Continued PECTORAL GIRDLE Known as Shoulder girdle. Consists of 2 bones- Scapula Clavicle Coracoid process and Acromian process are the parts of scapula.
34. HUMAN APPENDICULAR SKELETON……Continued Clavicle also known as Collar bone or BEAUTY BONE. At the junction of scapula & Clavicle a cup shaped Glenoid cavity is formed.Head of humerus articulates in this cavity.
35. HUMAN APPENDICULAR SKELETON……Continued PELVIC GIRDLE Known as Hip girdle. Each half of pelvic girdle called OSINNOMINATUM. It is formed of 3 bones- Ilium Ischium Pubis
36. HUMAN APPENDICULAR SKELETON……Continued Two pelvic girdles are joined by slightly movable joint called PUBIC SYMPHYSIS. At the junction of 3 bone a depression, ACETABULUM is formed to hold head of femur. Obturator foramen is formed by Ischium and Pubis.
37. Limb bones (60x2=120) FORE LIMB-30X2=60 Includes- 1 humerus-bone of upper arm(Antibrachium).Characterized by presence of Deltoid ridge for attachment of muscles. 2 Radius-Ulna-Bones of lower arm(Brachium).Ulna is longer and outer bone.Sigmoid notch is present for trochlea of humerus.Olecranon process is formed by Ulna. Both radius and ulna have nutrient foramina.
38. FORE LIMB……..Continued 8 Carpals-bones of wrist. These are arranged in two rows. 1.Scaphois 2. Lunate 3. Triquitrum 4.Pisciform(Sesamoid) 5. Trapezium 6. Trapezoid 7.Capitate 8. Hammate Note-Unciform (Formed by fusion of 4th & 5th) ,Absent in Rabbit but present in Man. R U S L T P T T C H
39. Sternoclavicular joint Clavicle Acromioclavicular joint Sternum Rib Scapula Humerus Ulna Radius Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges FORE LIMB………Continued 5 Meta carpals- Bones of Palm.These are thin & long. 14 Phallenges-Bones of fingers. Phalanges Formula (14)-2,3,3,3,3
40. Hind Limb 30x2=60 bones 1 Femur-Thigh bone.Longest human body bone. 1 Patella-Known as knee cap.It is a sesamoidbone.Absent in newborn.Formed by ossification of ligaments. 1 Tibia-It is a bone of Shank.Known as Shin bone. 1 febula-bone of shank region.It is a thin & weak bone.
41. Hind Limb 30x2=60 bones 7 Tarsals- bones of Ankle.Arranged in 2+1+4 manner. In Rabbit tarsals are 6 in number.2+1+3 Astragalus Calcaneum Navicular Cuboid +nt in human Cuniform -nt in Rabbit Mesocuniform Ectocuniform
42. Hind Limb 30x2=60 bones 5 Metatarsals-Bones of foot or Pes Or Sole. 14 Phalanges-Bones of Toes. Phalanges formula-2,3,3,3,3. Note –First of Fingers is called Paulux and First toe is called Hallux
![SKELETAL SYSTEM ,[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/humanskeletalsystem-091101004224-phpapp02/85/Human-Skeletal-System-1-320.jpg)
