Cor Pulmonale refers to right heart failure and hypertrophy secondary to lung disease or hypoxemia. It is usually chronic and caused by conditions like COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, or pulmonary hypertension. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, leg swelling, and palpitations. Diagnosis involves assessing symptoms, signs of right heart strain on chest x-ray and echocardiogram, and underlying lung disease. Treatment focuses on managing the underlying lung condition, treating heart failure and infections, providing oxygen therapy, and preventing exacerbations.