The document summarizes different types of pericardial diseases. It describes the normal anatomy and functions of the pericardium. It then discusses various pericardial conditions such as acute pericarditis, pericardial effusion, constrictive pericarditis and their causes, symptoms, diagnostic criteria and treatments. Acute pericarditis is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections and presents with chest pain and pericardial friction rub. Constrictive pericarditis occurs after acute pericarditis and causes decreased diastolic filling through pericardial thickening and fibrosis.

1. Pericardial Disease Wutao Zeng Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University

5. Acute pericarditis

14. EKG of Acute pericarditis (Stage I)

15. Acute inferior myocardial infarction

20. Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pericarditis often seldom often seldom Often severely Chest pain seldom seldom often often obviously ， occur early Pericardial friction rub often seldom High fever seldom Constant fever Fever History of cardiac injury such as operation, myocardial infarction, may often recurrent Frequently caused by metastatic tumour Accompanied with original infection lesion or septemia Accompanied with primary TB History of up respiratory tract infection ， acute onset ， often recurrent Histrory Postpericardiostomy syndrome Maligancy Purulent pericarditis Tuberculous pericarditis Acute idiopathic pericarditis

21. Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pericarditis Often serosity Often hematic Purulent Often hematic Grass yellow or hematic Characteristic Medium Large Large Large Little Volume of pericardial effusion — — + — — Blood culture Normal or slightly increase Normal or slightly increase Significantly increase Normal or slightly increase Normal or increase Leukocyte count Postpericardiostomy syndrome Maligancy Purulent pericarditis Tuberculous pericarditis Acute idiopathic pericarditis

22. Differential Diagnosis of Acute Pericarditis Steroid Treat original diseases, Perecardiocentesis Antibiotic or pericardiotomy Anti-tubercle bacillus NSAIDs Treatment None None Purulent bacteria Tubercle bacillus may be found None Bacteria More lymphocyte More lymphocyte More neutrophil More lymphocyte More lymphocyte Classification of leukocyte Postpericardiostomy syndrome Maligancy Purulent pericarditis Tuberculous pericarditis Acute idiopathic pericarditis

24. Constrictive pericarditis

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