This document provides an overview of cardiac arrhythmias including their classification, mechanisms, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches and management strategies. It discusses various specific arrhythmias in detail such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, sick sinus syndrome and heart block. Treatment options covered include pharmacological therapies using different classes of antiarrhythmic drugs, procedures like cardiac ablation and use of devices like pacemakers.

1. Cardiac Arrhythmias Liu Pin-Ming, M.D., Ph.D. Professor of Medicine Department of Cardiology Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University

3. The Cardiac Conduction System

8. A: Contractile cell B: Autorhythmic cell: spontaneous depolarization at phase 4 Transmembrane Potentials of Myocardial Cells

9. Alterations of normal automaticity Autonomic neurotransmitters

10. Triggered activity: Early/Delayed afterdepolarization

18. Atrial Fibrillation

19. Atrial Fibrillation

20. Atrial Fibrillation

26. Atrial flutter: ECG

27. Atrial flutter: ECG

28. Atrial flutter: ECG

30. Paroxysmal SVT —— AVNRT & AVRT: ECG Features

31. Mechanism Responsible for AVNRT

32. Pre-excitation syndrome Abnormal connection between the atrium and the ventricle

34. Mechanism Responsible for AVRT

35. Pre-excitation Syndrome (WPW)

37. Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation

38. Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation

40. Normal AP Conduction in Ventricles Initiation site Normal conduction VPB conduction

41. Ventricular Premature Beats

42. Ventricular Premature Beats

43. Ventricular Premature Beats

44. Atrial Premature Beats

45. Atrial Premature Beats

49. Ventricular Tachycardia A54 year-old woman collapsed 24 hours post MI

51. Torsades de Pointes (TDP)

52. Torsades de Pointes (TDP)

57. Ventricular Fibrillation

58. Ventricular Fibrillation

60. Ventricular Fibrillation

61. Ventricular Fibrillation

64. Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)

65. Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)

66. Atrioventricular Block

67. Atrioventricular Block