This PPT covers, Features of MS-excel, chart creation, Mathematical Functions , Statistical Functions

1. Dr.T.Sivakami
Assistant Professor
Department of Management Studies
Bon Secours College for Women
Thanjavur

2. Microsoft Excel
Features of Microsoft Excel
1. Add Header and Footer
MS Excel allows us to keep the header and footer in our spreadsheet document.
2. Find and Replace Command
MS Excel allows us to find the needed data (text and numbers) in the workbook and also replace the
existing data with a new one.
3. Password Protection
It allows the user to protect their workbooks by using a password from unauthorized access to their
information.
4. Data Filtering
Filtering is a quick and easy way to find and work with a subset of data in a range. A filtered range
displays only the rows that meet the criteria you specify for a column. MS Excel provides two commands
for filtering ranges:
• AutoFilter; which includes filter by selection, for simple criteria
• Advanced Filter; for more complex criteria
5. Data Sorting
Data sorting is the process of arranging data in some logical order. MS Excel allows us to sort data either
in ascending or descending order.
6. Built-in formulae
MS Excel has got many built-in formulae for sum, average, minimum, etc. We can use those formulae as
per our needs.
7. Create different charts (Pivot Table Report)
MS Excel allows us to create different charts such as bar graph, pie- charts, line graphs, etc. This helps us
to analyze and compare data very easily.
8. Automatically edits the result
MS Excel automatically edits the result if any changes are made in any of the cells.
9. Formula Auditing
Using formula auditing we can graphically display or trace the relationships between cells and formulas
with blue arrows. We can trace the precedents (the cells that provide data to a specific cell) or the
dependents (the cells that depend on the value in a specific cell).
Creating and Formatting Charts in Microsoft Excel
This document provides instructions for creating and formatting charts in Microsoft Excel, which makes
creating professional-looking charts easy. The chart type, chart layout, and chart style are all within easy
reach on the Ribbon. You will have instant professional results every time you create a chart. And as the
data changes in the datasheet,the chart will automatically update to reflect the changes.
Creating a Chart
1. To create a basicchart in Excel thatyou can modifyandformatlater,start by enteringthe data

3. for the chart on a worksheet.Itisimportanttoinclude titlesinthe datasheetsothatExcel can
create legendsandlabelsforthe chart.
2. Thensimplyselectthatdata(includingtitles)andpress F11. Thiscreatesan instantcolumn
chart in a newtab,whichcan be customizedtomeetyour needs.

4. 3. Or, insteadof pressingF11,go to the Insert tab andselectthe type of chart youwouldlike to
create.
4. Thiscreatesa chart embeddedinthe datasheet.
Formatting a Chart
Once a chart has been created,there are a multitude of formatting options that can be applied.
1. Selectthe chart.This activatesthe Chart Tools onthe Ribbon.
2. Use the featuresavailable onthe Designtabto:
a. Change the chart type.
b. Swapthe rowsand columnsoradjustwhat data ischarted.For example,switching
the columnsand rowschangesthe lookof the chart, eventhoughthe

5. raw data has not changed:
c. Applya ChartStyle.
d. Move the chart (fromthe datasheettoitsown tab or vice versa).
3. Use the featuresavailable onthe Layout tabto:
a. Inserta picture,shape,ortext box.
b. Adjustthe labels,includingmoving the legend,editingtitles,andaddingdatalabels
(like values).
c. Adjustthe axesandgridlines(forexample,showingnumbersonthe axis in
millionsoraddingorremoving gridlines).
d. Format the background.
e. Addtrendlines toforecastfuture dataorerror bars to show potential error
amounts.
4. Use the featuresavailable onthe Formattab to:
a. Applya style,fill,outline,oreffect.(Forexample,tochange the colorof the bars.)
b. Applyandformat WordArt.
c. Use the dropdownlistinthe CurrentSelectiongroupto quicklyadjustwhichareaof
the chart youwantto format.
Working with Charts
1. Keepinmindthatas data changesin the worksheet,the chartwill automaticallyupdate.

6. After selecting one
group of cells, hold
CTRL while selecting
additional groups of
2. You may wantto name the tabs at the bottomof the workbookto ease innavigation.
a. To rename a tab, double-clickitsname.
b. Or right-clickand choose Rename.
c. You can also right-clickand choose Tab Colorto change the colorof the tabs.
3. There may be timeswhenyouwantto chart summarydata ratherthan individualinstances.
For example,youmaywanttochart total expendituresforeachquarterasopposedtoeach
monthly expenditure.
a. Use formulastocreate the summary data.
b. Use the CTRL buttonon the keyboardto selectnon-adjacentdata. Remembertoselect
titlessothat Excel can appropriatelylabel the chart.

7. A static copy will not
reflect
Adding ExcelCharts to Word or PowerPoint
Now that you have created the charts in Excel, you may want to add them to a Word document or
PowerPoint presentation. There are two options – inserting a static copy of the chart or inserting a linked
copy of the chart. A static copy does not change; it will NOT be updated if the chart is updated in Excel.
A linked copy will update if the chart is updated in Excel.
1. Selectthe chart in Excel.
2. From the Home tab,selectCopy.
3. Openthe documentorpresentationinwhichyouwanttoinsertthe chart.
4. Place the cursor inthe desired location.
5. To inserta static copyof the chart, select Paste fromthe Home tab.

8. 6. To inserta linkedcopyof the chart, clickthe dropdown arrow underneath
the Paste button and choose Paste Special.
a. SelectMicrosoftOffice Excel Chart Object.
b. SelectPaste Link.
c. ClickOK.
d. The chart in the document or presentation will update as the chart is
updated in Excel. Right-click on the chart and choose Update Link to
force the application to check for updates.
e. Note:To ensure thatthe entire chart isseenwhenpasted,before you
clickthe Copy buttoninExcel,goto the Viewtab,and clickthe 100%
buttonto setthe Zoomlevel to 100%.
Function Output
ABS The absolute value of a number
AVERAGE The average or arithmetic mean for a group of numbers
COUNT The number of cell locations in a range that contain a numeric character
A linked copy will reflect
changes

9. Function Output
COUNTA The number of cell locations in a range that contain a text or numeric character
MAX The highest numeric value in a group of numbers
MEDIAN
The middle number in a group of numbers (half the numbers in the group are
higher than the median and half the numbers in the group are lower than the
median)
MIN The lowest numeric value in a group of numbers
MODE The number that appears most frequently in a group of numbers
PRODUCT The result of multiplying all the values in a range of cell locations
SQRT The positive square root of a number
STDEV.S The standard deviation for a group of numbers based on a sample
SUM The total of all numeric values in a group
Financial Functions
To illustrate Excel's most popular financial functions, we consider a loan with monthly
payments, an annual interest rate of 6%, a 20-year duration, a present value of $150,000
(amount borrowed) and a future value of 0 (that's what you hope to achieve when you pay off
a loan).
We make monthly payments, so we use 6%/12 = 0.5% for Rate and 20*12 = 240 for Nper
(total number of periods). If we make annual payments on the same loan, we use 6% for Rate
and 20 for Nper.
PMT
Select cell A2 and insert the PMT function.
Note: the last two arguments are optional. For loans, Fv can be omitted (the future value of a
loan equals 0, however, it's included here for clarification). If Type is omitted, it is assumed
that payments are due at the end of the period.
Result. The monthly payment equals $1,074.65.

10. Tip: when working with financial functions in Excel, always ask yourself the question, am I
making a payment (negative) or am I receiving money (positive)? We pay off a loan of
$150,000 (positive, we received that amount) and we make monthly payments of $1,074.65
(negative, we pay). Visit our page about the PMT function for many more examples.
RATE
If Rate is the only unknown variable, we can use the RATE function to calculate the interest
rate.
NPER
Or the NPER function. If we make monthly payments of $1,074.65 on a 20-year loan, with an
annual interest rate of 6%, it takes 240 months to pay off this loan.
We already knew this, but we can change the monthly payment now to see how this affects the total
number of periods.
Conclusion: if we make monthly payments of $2,074.65, it takes less than 90 months to pay off this loan.

11. PV
Or the PV (Present Value) function. If we make monthly payments of $1,074.65 on a 20-year loan, with an
annual interest rate of 6%, how much can we borrow? You already know the answer.
FV
And we finish this chapter with the FV (Future Value) function. If we make monthly payments of
$1,074.65 on a 20-year loan, with an annual interest rate of 6%, do we pay off this loan? Yes.
But, if we make monthly payments of only $1,000.00, we still have debt after 20 years.
Statistical Functions
This chapter gives an overview of some very useful statistical functions in Excel.
Average
To calculate the average of a group of numbers, use the AVERAGE function.

12. Note: visit our page about the AVERAGE function for many more examples.
Averageif
To average cells based on one criteria, use the AVERAGEIF function. For example, to calculate the
average excluding zeros.
Note: visit our page about the AVERAGEIF function for many more examples.
Median
To find the median (or middle number), use the MEDIAN function.
Check:
Mode
To find the most frequently occurring number, use the MODE function.

13. Standard Deviation
To calculate the standard deviation, use the STEDV function.
Note: standard deviation is a number that tells you how far numbers are from their mean. Learn more about
this topic on our page about standard deviation.
Min
To find the minimum value, use the MIN function.
Max
To find the maximum value, use the MAX function.
Large
To find the third largest number, use the following LARGE function.

14. Check:
Small
To find the second smallest number, use the following SMALL function.
Check: