Biofertilizer are microorganisms that help plants to grow by increasing the quantity of nutrients. they defined as preparations containing living cells or latent cells of efficient strains of microorganisms that help crop plants for the uptake of nutrients by their interactions in the rhizosphere.

1. I N T R O D U C T I O N , T Y P E S A N D A D VA N TA G E S
BIOFERTILIZER
Submitted by :
Neha
M.Sc biotech 4th sem
Submitted to :
Dr. Humaria

2. Sustainable agriculture is the act of farming using
principles of ecology, the study of relationships between
organisms and their environment.
Biofertilizer are microorganisms that help plants to
grow by increasing the quantity of nutrients.
Biofertilizer are defined as preparations containing
living cells or latent cells of efficient strains of
microorganisms that help crop plants for the uptake of
nutrients by their interactions in the rhizosphere.
Introduction

3. TYPES OF BIO FERTILIZER
1. For Nitrogen
Rhizobium for legumes crops
Azotobacter/azospirilium for non legume crops
Acetobacter for sugarcane only.
Blue-Green Algae(BGA) and Azolla for low land paddy.
2. For Phosphorus
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) for all crops to be applied with Rhizobium,
Azotobacter, Azospiri;ium and acetobacter
3. For enriched compost
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and Azatobacter culture
Cellulolytic fungal culture

4. BIOFERTILIZER ORGANISMS
RHIZOBIUM
AZOSPIRILLUM
VA-MYCORRHIZA
BLUE GREEN ALGAE
AZOTOBACTER
PSB

5. Importance of Biofertilizer
Increasing Harvest Yields
Average increase crop yields by 20 to 30 percent.
Algae-based fertilizers have improved yields in rice at rates ranging between
10 and 45 %.
 Improving Soil structure:
Use of microbial bio fertilizers improves the soil structure by influencing the
aggregation of the soil particles
Better water relation
Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization induces drought tolerance in plants by :
improving leaf water and turgor potential,
maintaining stomatal functioning and transpiration
increasing root length and development.

6. Lowering Production Costs
Made from easily obtained organic materials such as rice husks, soil, bamboo,
and vegetables etc.
Reduce the input expenses by replacing the cost of chemical fertilizers.
Fortifying the soil
Aquatic cyanobacteria provide natural growth hormone, protein, vitamins and
minerals to the soil.
Azotobacter infuse the soil with antibiotic pesticide and inhibit the spread of
soil-borne diseases like pythium and phytophthora.
Improving Sustainability
Biofertilizer strengthen the soil profile,
 leave water sources untainted and
 Edify plant growth without detrimental side-effects.

7. How does Biofertilizer work?
Fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil and root nodules of legume crop and make it available
to the plants.
Solubilise the insoluble forms of phosphates like tricalcium, iron and aluminum phosphate
into available forms.
Produce hormones and anti metabolites which promote root growth.
They scavenge phosphate from soil layers
Decompose organic matter and help in soil mineralization.

8. Advantages of using bio fertilizers:
1)They help to get high yield of crops by making the soil rich with nutrients and useful microorganisms
necessary for the growth of the plants.
2) Bio fertilizers have replaced the chemical fertilizers as chemical fertilizers are not beneficial for the plants.
They decrease the growth of the plants and make the environment polluted by releasing harmful chemicals.
3) Plant growth can be increased if bio fertilizers are used, because they contain natural components which do not
harm the plants but do the vice versa.
4) If the soil will be free of chemicals, it will retain its fertility which will be beneficial for the plants as well as
the environment, because plants will be protected from getting any diseases and environment will be free of
pollutants.
5) Bio fertilizers destroy those harmful components from the soil which cause diseases in the plants. Plants can
also be protected against drought and other strict conditions by using bio fertilizers.
6) Bio fertilizers are not costly and even poor farmers can make use of them.
7) They are environment friendly and protect the environment against pollutants.