This document discusses types of proximal femur fractures, including fractures of the femoral head, femoral neck, and trochanter region. It describes femoral head fractures as intra-articular fractures that may be associated with hip dislocations or other injuries. Treatment of these fractures aims to anatomically reduce the fracture fragments to restore the articular surface through open reduction and internal fixation using screws if needed for split fractures or large fragments. Femoral neck fractures are also discussed, along with femoral neck stress fractures and treatment options for femoral neck fractures.

1. PROXIMAL FEMUR FRACTURES
BY AJITHPRASADJOSEPH : GR4

2. TYPES- Anatomical location
(organization tree)
 FEMURAL HEAD - Split ,Depression ,Head & neck fracture
 FEMURAL NECK – Subcapital , Transcervical & Basicervical
 TROCHANTER – Intertrochanteric , Greater trochanteric
,Lesser trochanteric & Subtrochanteric

3. ANATOMY

6. FEMURAL HEAD FRACTURES
 Fractures of the femoral head are intraarticular.
 They may be associated with hip dislocations, acetabular fractures, or femoral
neck fractures.
 In split fractures (Pipkin) there is a fragment which has split off from the femoral
head.
 The optimal treatment strategy is not clear. Only anatomical reduction of the
fracture fragments gives good long-term results.
 The treatment should therefore be focused on restoration of the articular surface.
 ORIF-small fragment screws
 INDICATION – SPLIT FRACTURES with more proximal PIPKIN2 or LARGE FRAGMENTS.
 Other indicatons- unsuccessful closed reduction ,residual instability ,interposed
fragments in hip joint etc
 ADVANTAGES- anatomical reduction , stable fixation

7. ORIF

8. FEMURAL NECK FRACTURES

11. FEMURAL NECK STRESS FRACTURES

12. FEMUR NECK TREATMENT

14. EVANS CLASSIFICATION

18. THANK YOU