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Week 13 (Jackson and The Market Revolution)
- 1. National Politics and Economy in the Age of Jackson Week 13
- 2. Lecture Outline • 1820 – 1850 I. The Era of Good Feelings II. Andrew Jackson I. Democracy II. The Bank wars III. Indian Removal III. The Market Revolution IV. Religion and Reform V. Chapters 8-10
- 3. Samuel Morse, “The Old House of Representatives,” 1822
- 4. Results of the War of 1812 • National Pride • Florida, 1819 • Industrial Revolution – Springfield & Harpers Ferry • Hartford Convention, 1814
- 5. We Owe Allegiance to No Crown (c. 1814)
- 7. Era of Good Feelings • Democratic-Republicans – National Republicans • James Monroe (1817- 1825) • Monroe Doctrine, 1823 • Slavery – Denmark Vesey, 1822 – Florida, 1819 – Missouri Compromise, 1820 • Maine
- 8. p244
- 9. Jacksonian Democracy • Deference to Democracy • Voting Franchise – Universal white male suffrage • The Greek War for Independence • John Quincy Adams – President, 1825 – 1829 • Andrew Jackson, 1767 – 1845 – “Old Hickory” • Corrupt Bargain, 1824
- 10. American Democracy Voting Franchise, 1800 – 1828 George Caleb Bingham, The County Election, 1852
- 11. Election of 1824
- 12. The Greek War for Indp, 1821-1832 Above: Battle Scene from the Greek War of Independence, George Perlberg, 19th century Left: The Greek Slave, Hiram Powers, 1844
- 13. Greek Revival The Parthenon, 447 – 432 BC The Second Bank of the United States, Philadelphia, 1824
- 15. Jackson’s Presidency • The Spoils System • Eaton Affair • The Nullification Crisis – Tariff Act of 1828 • “Tariff of Abominations” – Sen Samuel Foot (1830) – Tariff Act of 1832 – Force Bill (1833)
- 16. Political Images of Andrew Jackson
- 17. John C. Calhoun (1782–1850) by John Trumbull, 1827
- 18. John C. Calhoun, Matthew Brady photograph, 1849
- 19. The American System • Henry Clay (1777-1852) • 2nd Bank of USA, 1816 • Tariffs – 1816 • Infrastructure – Congress, 1817 • National Road, 1811 • Erie Canal, 1817 – 1825 • Samuel Morse, 1844 • Reaction
- 20. End of the Era of Good Feelings • The Bank War – Henry Clay – Nicholas Biddle • Election of 1832 – Democrats – National Republicans • Challenge of 3rd Parties – Workingmen’s Parties – Anti-Masonic Party
- 21. The Bank Wars
- 22. Indian Removal • Tecumseh (1786-1813) – Shawnee – Tenskwatawa (1775-1836) – Battle of the Tippecanoe River, 1811 • Five Civilized Tribes • Indian Removal Act of 1830 • Supreme Court – Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, 1830 – Worcester v. Georgia, 1832 • Second Seminole War, 1835 – 1842 • Trail of Tears Chief Joseph Vann, 1798-1844
- 23. The Trail of Tears
- 24. Indian Removal
- 25. Results of Andrew Jackson • Democracy • The 2nd Party System – The Democratic Party – The Whig Party • Martin van Buren (1837-1841) • Panic of 1837 – National Debt – Distribution Act and Specie Circular (1836)
- 26. The Market Revolution • Early 19th century • Definition • Globalism • Agricultural Revolution • Industrial Revolution • The American System McCormick’s Mechanical Reaper, 1831
- 27. The Market Revolution • Market Revolution – A set of interrelated developments in agriculture, technology, and industry that led to the creation of a more integrated national economy. Impersonal market forces impelled the maximization of production of agricultural products and manufactured goods and increased consumption.
- 28. The Industrial Revolution • Adam Smith – Division of Labor • Francis Cabot Lowell – Waltham-Lowell System • Water Frame (1767) – Richard Arkwright • Power Loom (1785) – Edmund Cartwright • Cotton Gin (1793) – Eli Whitney • Free Labor • Results Mule spinning at Swainson & Birley Mill, Preston, 1834
- 29. Beginnings, late 1700s • (above) Slater Mill, Pawtucket, RI; 1793 • water wheels • in countryside
- 30. New Cash Crop
- 31. p291
- 32. Workers in the Market Revolution
- 34. Changes in American Society Winslow Homer, “Bell-Time,” July 1868
- 35. Changing Times • Workingmens’ Associations • “Cult of True Womanhood” • Romanticism – Washington Irving (1783-1859) • “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” (1820) • Nature • Public Parks • Rural Cemetery Movement • Transcendentalism – Emerson, “Self-Reliance,” 1841 – Thoreau, Walden, 1854 – Melville, Moby-Dick, 1851
- 36. Changes in American Society
- 38. Crawford Notch, Thomas Cole, 1839
- 40. 2nd Great Awakening • 1800s – 1840s • Causes • High Church • New England • Unitarians • Universalists • Frontier Revivals • Religious Sects – Baptists – Methodism – 7th Day Adventists – Shakers – Oneida – Mormons Religious Camp Meeting, J. Maze Burbank, 1839
- 41. Benjamin Latrobe, Plan of Methodist Camp, Aug 8, 1809, Fairfax, VA
- 42. Mormon Trek, 1830 – 1851
- 43. Owen’s Utopian Socialism • Robert Owen (1771-1851) • New Lanarck factory in Scotland • New Harmony Settlement in Indiana, 1825-1829 • “Even salads were deposited in the store, to be handed out – making ten thousand unnecessary steps, and causing them to come to the table in a wilted, deadened state.”
- 44. Reform • Secular and Religious movements • Market Revolution • Communalism • Gender Roles – Complex marriage • Temperance • Lyceum Movement • Abolitionism • Seneca Falls Convention, 1848
Editor's Notes
- President Monroe Thinking Globally Surrounded by his cabinet, the president is depicted explaining the Monroe Doctrine. Secretary of State John Quincy Adams is the first on the left; Secretary of War John C. Calhoun is the third from the right.
- The Growth in Cotton Production and Consumption Whitney’s gin (left) made possible the mass cultivation of upland, or short-stable, cotton, which was unprofitable to raise when its seeds had to be laboriously removed by hand. As cotton production pushed farther south and west, taking slavery with it, it provisioned a growing northern textile industry. Calico, or patterned cotton cloth, was hand produced by wood-block printing with colored dyes, as shown here at right. The availability of plentiful, cheap cloth vastly expanded women’s wardrobes.