Lecture Slides, NVCC, His 102 001W, Spring 2020

1. The Long 19th Century
The Congress of Vienna and New Ideas

2. Overview
 1815 – 1848
 Congress of Vienna
 New Ideologies
 Romanticism
Caspar David Friedrich, Wanderer
above the Sea of Fog, 1818

3. Congress of Vienna, 1815
• Victors
• Britain
• Prussia
• Austria
• Russia
• Principle of
Legitimacy
• Balance of Power
• German
Confederation
• Concert of Europe
• France

4. Europe After 1815

5. New Ideas
 Conservatism
 Liberalism
 Socialism
 Nationalism

6. Conservatism
 Old Order
 Monarchy and Aristocracy
 Edmund Burke (1729-1799)
 Tradition
 Religion
 Reflections on the
Revolution in France
 Decembrists Revolt (1825)
 Nicholas I (r. 1825-1855)
 Prince Klemens von
Metternich (1773-1859)
 Foreign Minister (1809-
1848)
 Carlsbad Decrees (1819)
Sir Thomas Lawrence, 1820-1825

7. Liberalism
Constitutionalism
 Ministerial Responsibility
Middle Class
Industrial Revolution
Laissez-faire
Rights
• John Stuart Mill (1806-
1873)
− On Liberty
− On the Subjugation of
Women
Le Bon Marché, 1838

8. Socialism
 Property
 Working Class (Proletariat)
 Utopian Socialism
 Charles Fourier (1772-1837)
 Phalanstery
 Robert Owen (1771-1851)
 New Lanark, Scotland
 New Harmony, IN
 George Fitzhugh (1806-
1881)
 Sociology for the South, 1854

9. New Lanark

10. What is Nationalism?
Eugene
Delacroix,
Liberty Leading
the People,
1830

11. Nationalism
 Community
 “the Nation”
 Identity
 Nation in Arms
 Shared Characteristics
 Nation-State
 Political Nationalism
 The Greek Revolution
(1821-1832)
 Cultural Nationalism
 The Brothers Grimm
 Zionism
 1897, World Zionist
Organization Gustave Wappers, Revolution of 1830

12. Giuseppe Mazzini (1805-1872)

13. The Greek War for Independence
(1821-1832)
George
Perlberg,
19th
century

14. Theodor Herzel (1860-1904)

15. Romanticism
• Late 1700s – 1830s
• Intellectual & artistic
movement
• Reaction
– Enlightenment
– French Revolution
– Industrial Revolution
• Emotion
 Neo-Gothic
 Goethe (1749-1832)
 The Sorrows of Young
Werther
 Lord Byron (1788-1824)
 Mary Shelley (1797-1851)
The British Houses of Parliament, Post-1834

16. Caspar David Friedrich, Abbey in
an Oak Wood, 1809-1810

17. Caspar David Friedrich, The Polar
Sea or Sea of Ice, 1823

18. J. M. W. Turner,
The Fighting Tremaire, 1838

19. John Martin,
The Bard,
1817