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Solid Waste
101
Basic definitions you
need to get started
Prepared By
Anaerobic
Digestion
A process using microbes to
decompose biodegradable
matter in absence of oxygen.
Biodegradable
Waste
Any organic material that can be
degraded by micro-organisms
into simpler stable compounds.
Bio-
methanation
A process using enzymatic
decomposition of the organic
matter by microbial action to
produce methane rich biogas.
Brand Owner
A person or a company who
sells any commodity under a
registered brand label.
Buffer Zone
A zone of no development to be
maintained around solid waste
processing and disposal facility.
Bulk Waste
Generator
Any installation having an
average waste generation rate
exceeding 100kg per day.
Combustible
Waste
Non bio-degradable, non-
recyclable, non-reusable, non-
hazardous solid waste with a
calorific value exceeding 1500
kcal/kg.
Composting
Controlled process involving
microbial decomposition of
organic matter in presence of
oxygen.
Co-processing
Use of non-biodegradable and
non recyclable solid waste
having calorific value exceeding
1500 kcal/kg as raw material
and/or as a source of energy in
industrial processes.
Decentralised
Processing
Establishment of dispersed
facilities closest to the source of
waste generation to minimize
transportation for processing or
disposal.
Disposal
Final and safe disposal of post
processed residual solid waste in
such a way that it prevents
contamination of ground water,
surface water, ambient air and
attraction of animals or birds.
Domestic
Hazardous
Waste
Hazardous waste generated at
household level.
This includes items such as
discarded paint drums, pesticide
cans, CFL bulbs and tube lights,
expired medicines, used
batteries, used needles etc.
Door to Door
Collection
Collection of solid waste from
entry gate or a designated
location on the ground floor of
premises.
Dry Waste
Recyclable and non-recyclable,
combustible, sanitary waste etc.
other than bio-degradable waste
and inert sweepings.
Dump Sites
A land utilized by local body for
disposal of solid waste without
following the principles of
sanitary land filling.
Extended
Producer
Responsibility
Responsibility of any producer of
packaged products for
environmentally sound
management, till end-of-life of
the packaged products.
Facility
Any establishment where
segregation, recovery, storage,
collection, recycling, processing,
treatment or safe disposal of
solid waste is carried out.
Handling
Activities of sorting, segregation,
material recovery, collection,
secondary storage, shredding,
baling, crushing, loading,
unloading, transportation,
processing and disposal of solid
wastes.
Incineration
An engineered process involving
burning or combustion of solid
waste to thermally degrade
waste materials at high
temperatures.
Leachate
Liquid that seeps through solid
waste or other medium and has
extracts of dissolved or
suspended material from it.
Materials
Recovery
Facility
A facility where non-
compostable solid waste is
handled for segregation, sorting
and recovery of recyclables
before the waste is delivered for
processing or disposal.
Non Bio-
degradable
Waste
Waste that cannot be degraded
by micro organisms into simpler
stable compounds.
Primary
Collection
Collecting, lifting and removal of
segregated solid waste from
source of generation or any
collection points.
Processing
Scientific process by which the
segregated solid waste is
handled for the purpose of
reuse, recycling or
transformation into new
products.
Recycling
Process of transforming
segregated non-biodegradable
solid waste into new material
product or as a raw material for
producing new products.
Refuse Derived
Fuel
Fuel derived from combustible
waste fraction of solid waste.
Residual Solid
Waste
The waste and rejects from the
solid waste processing facilities
which are not suitable for
recycling or further processing.
Sanitary Land
Filling
Final and safe disposal of
residual solid waste and inert
waste on land in a facility
designed with protective
measures against water and air
pollution, animal or bird
hazards, GHG emissions etc.
Sanitary Waste
Waste comprising of diapers,
sanitary towels, tampons,
condoms and any other similar
waste.
Segregation
Sorting and separate storage of
various components of solid
waste.
Sorting
Separating various components
of recyclables from mixed
waste.
Tipping Fee
Fee to be paid to the operator of
waste processing facility or
disposal of residual solid waste
at the landfill.
Transportation
Conveyance of solid waste
through specially designed and
covered transport system to
prevent foul odor, littering and
unsightly conditions.
Treatment
Modification of physical,
biological or chemical
composition to reduce its
volume and potential to harm.
User Fee
Fee imposed on the waste
generator to cover cost of
providing solid waste
management services.
For more information on
sustainability
Visit -
https://esgrobot.com/knowledge-
center/
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Solid Waste Management Definitions

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