Watersheds PowerPoint

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations
when appropriate.
-Example of indent.
-Skip a line between topics
-Don’t skip pages
-Make visuals clear and well drawn.

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.

• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/

This science unit belongs to Ryan
P Murphy Copyright 2010

Area of Focus: WatershedsArea of Focus: Watersheds

Watershed: The region draining into aWatershed: The region draining into a
river.river.

• Picture of the Mississippi River Watershed.
– This watershed is the largest in the United
States.

• What do you think the Great Basin is?

• The Great Basin is a watershed where the
water does not flow to the ocean.
– The Great Salt Lake is in the Great Basin.

The salt content is very high which
makes the water more dense and you
more buoyant.

• Which letters represent places we would
find the largest rivers.

Watersheds. Learn more at…
http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/watershed.html

• You can now complete this question.

• What are some of the major rivers in the
United States?

• Activity Worksheet! Please color code
some of the major watersheds in the US.
– Example on next slide.

• Activity! Find a .jpeg Image of your states
rivers and create your own local watershed
map.

Connecticut
Merrimack
Androscoggin
Saco
Coastal / Great
Bay

• Where do rivers start?

• Most rivers start in the mountains and work
their way downhill.

• Most rivers start in the mountains and work
their way downhill.
– Water always travels downhill toward the path
of least resistance.

• Does the river with the yellow flow into the
river with the blue?

• Answer! No, smaller rivers feed into larger
rivers.

• Which direction is the largest river
flowing?
– How do you know?

• Answer! The river is flowing to the left.
– You can tell by the following clues.

• The clear water is mixing with the cloudier
water in a downriver direction.

• The shallow Islands / sand bars in the
middle are shaped with points facing the
direction of the current.

Parts of a riverParts of a river
--
--
--
--

• The headwaters.

Headwaters: Extreme upper reaches of aHeadwaters: Extreme upper reaches of a
stream.stream.

• In the headwater streams, light is blocked
by trees making plant life in the streams
scarce.

• In the headwater streams, light is blocked
by trees making plant life in the streams
scarce.
– Also less nutrients available.

• Video Link! (Optional) Headwaters and
whitewater kayaking. – A few minutes only.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=VhVutD_7nTs&feature=related

Downriver.Downriver.

Downriver: Between headwaters andDownriver: Between headwaters and
floodplain.floodplain.

 Tributary: A stream or river which flows into aTributary: A stream or river which flows into a
mainstream.mainstream.

• Which letter is the tributary?

• If a friend told you to meet them at the
confluence, where should you go?

Floodplain.Floodplain.

Floodplain: The relatively flat land adjacentFloodplain: The relatively flat land adjacent
to a river channel that is underwater whento a river channel that is underwater when
the river floods.the river floods.

River at normal flow
River at flood stage

• The water carries more sediment in the
floodplain.

• The water carries more sediment in the
floodplain.
– More light and nutrients also causes more plant
matter to grow.

Learn more about floodplains at…
http://www.cees.iupui.edu/education/Information_Resources/floo
dplains.htm

• Activity! Google Earth Opportunity.
– Use Google Earth to look at the floodplain
section of a local river.
– http://www.google.com/earth/index.html

Mouth / Delta.Mouth / Delta.

Mouth/Delta: An area formed from theMouth/Delta: An area formed from the
deposition of sediments at the mouth of adeposition of sediments at the mouth of a
river.river.

• Estuary: the area where a river meets the
sea or ocean, where fresh water from the
river meets salt water from the sea (tidal)

• Many aquatic species from the ocean can
be found in the mouth / delta as the ocean
water mixes with the freshwater.

• On the next slide please put the river
together by having the teacher minimize out
of slideshow and assist students to complete
the puzzle.
– Identify Headwaters, Downriver, Floodplain,
Mouth / Delta

Learn more about river deltas at…
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/156797/delta

Stream Order: A classification system forStream Order: A classification system for
rivers.rivers.

• Activity! Please sketch this river in your
journal.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
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1 1
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1 1
1 1

1
1
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1 1
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1 1
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2

1
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1 1
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1 1
1 1
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1
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1 1
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1 1
1 1
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2 2

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1 1
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1 1
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1
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1 1
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1
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1 1
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1 1
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2 2
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1
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1 1
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1 1
1 1
2
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2 2
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3

1
1
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1 1
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1 1
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3 3

1
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1
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1 1
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1 1
1 1
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2 2
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3 3
4
Stream Order = 4

• Activity! Try this one on your own.

• Answer: Headwaters
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1

• When two first order streams meet =
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1

• Forms second order stream.
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1
2

• When two second order streams meet?
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1
2 2
2

• Forms a third order stream.
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1
2 2
2
3

• When a third order meets a second order?
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1
2 2
2
3

• Stays a third order stream..
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1
2 2
2
3
3

• Answer: Stream Order of 3
11
1
1 11 1
1
1
1
2 2
2
3
3
Stream Order = 3

• What numbers are under the boxes?
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 1 1
1 2 1
2 3 3 1
1 1 4 1
1

• Activity! Designing a River
– The class will design a river from Headwaters to
the Mouth/Delta putting as much information
from the sheets as possible into your work.
– The river will be needed on an upcoming
assessment.
– Each group of four or more gets four sheets.
Plan the width of the river accordingly.
– Your section should line up with the group down
river and upriver.
– Only use light colored pencils “everybody”
– Worth a two class grades (your part, your groups
part.)

• Example of possibilities.
– Groups will need to collaborate to make the
river reach the ocean.

• The groups sketch out the path of the
river.

• The groups sketch out the path of the
river.
– Your group must begin and end with the
groups in front and behind.

• The headwater group starts the process
working together by creating many small
streams that flow into one river.

• The downriver group must include a few
tributaries that make the river larger.

• The floodplain should slowly meander
through the groups pages and connect to
the mouth / delta.

• The mouth / delta should mix with the
ocean with many branches and islands /
sediment.

= Text

• Break into groups of 4. Read the information
packet provided in the rivers folder provide
some info to your river page.
Learn more:
http://www.tulane.edu/~sanels
on/geol111/streams.htm

• Each student is responsible for one part of a
large project.
– You get an individual grade and a group grade.
– Your individual grade is based on your portion
and behavior.

The following is a list of vocabulary you will need
when you create the river from the mountains to
the sea.
• Deposition
• Braided Stream
• Alluvial Fan
• Levee
• Estuary
• Riparian Area
• Tributary
• Waterfall
• Watershed
• Meander
• Oxbow Lake
• Old-Channel
• Cutbank
• Riffles
• Pool
• Terraces
• Watershed

Headwaters
Downriver
Floodplain

Headwaters
Downriver
Floodplain
Mouth / Delta

Erosion: Process where fragments of soilErosion: Process where fragments of soil
and rock are broken off from the surfaceand rock are broken off from the surface
and carried away.and carried away.

Deposition: Process by which fragments ofDeposition: Process by which fragments of
rock are deposited in a new location.rock are deposited in a new location.

• Which river is young and which is old?

Learn more about erosion and deposition at…
http://www.physicalgeography.net/fundamental
s/10w.html

• This PowerPoint is only small part of my Rivers,
Lakes, and Water Quality Unit that I offer on TpT.
– This unit includes a four part 2,150 slide PowerPoint
roadmap.
– 13 page bundled homework, modified version, 8
pages of lesson notes, built-in visual quizzes, review
game, 23 video links, hands-on activities with
instructions and questions, crossword, rubrics,
projects, answer keys, readings, materials list,
curriculum guide, and much more.
– http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quali
ty_Unit.htm

Areas of Focus within The Rivers and Water Quality Unit:
Watersheds, Rivers of the United States, Sections of a River, Parts of
River (Vocabulary), Stream Order, Erosion and Deposition, Water
Quality, Chemical Properties of Water, Bio-Indicators of Water Quality
(EPT richness), Physical Properties of Water Quality, Rivers and
Flooding, Factors that Control Flooding, Types of Flooding, Tsunami’s,
Wetlands, Flood Prevention, Levees, Dams and Ecosystem, Importance
of Dams, Impacts of Dams, Hydropower, Parts of Dam, Salmon (Life
Cycle), Systems of Help Salmon, Fish (General), Layering in a Lake,
Lake Turnover, Nutrients and Lakes.
Full Unit can be found at…
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.h
tm

http://www.teacherspay
teachers.com/Product/P
hysical-Science-
Curriculum-596485
http://www.teachersp
ayteachers.com/Produ
ct/Life-Science-
Curriculum-601267
http://www.teachersp
ayteachers.com/Produ
ct/Earth-Science-
Curriculum-590950

• Please visit the links below to learn more
about each of the units in this curriculum
– These units take me about four years to complete
with my students in grades 5-10.
Earth Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Geology Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html
Astronomy Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html
Weather and Climate Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html
Soil Science, Weathering, More http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html
Water Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html
Rivers Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html
= Easier = More Difficult = Most Difficult
5th
– 7th
grade 6th
– 8th
grade 8th
– 10th
grade

Physical Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Science Skills Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.
html
Motion and Machines Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html
Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html
Atoms and Periodic Table Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html
Life Science Units Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Human Body / Health Topics
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html
DNA and Genetics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html
Cell Biology Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html
Infectious Diseases Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html
Taxonomy and Classification Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html
Evolution / Natural Selection Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html
Botany Topics Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html
Ecology Feeding Levels Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm
Ecology Interactions Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html
Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html

• The entire four year curriculum can be found
at... http://sciencepowerpoint.com/ Please feel
free to contact me with any questions you may
have. Thank you for your interest in this
curriculum.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed

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