For UG students of All Engineering Branches (Mechanical Engg., Chemical Engg., Instrumentation Engg., Food Technology) and PG students of Chemistry, Physics, Biochemistry, Pharmacy
The link of the video lecture at YouTube is
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3QDG8ZIX-8
It contains the basic principle of Mossbauer Spectroscopy.
Recoil energy, Dopler shift.
The instrumentation of Mossbauer Spectroscopy.
Hyperfine interactions.
NQR - DEFINITION - ELECTRIC FIELD GRADIENT - NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE MOMENT - NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE COUPLING CONSTANT - PRINCIPLE OF NQR - ENERGY OF INTERACTION - SELECTION RULE - FREQUENCY OF TRANSITION - APPLICATIONS
For UG students of All Engineering Branches (Mechanical Engg., Chemical Engg., Instrumentation Engg., Food Technology) and PG students of Chemistry, Physics, Biochemistry, Pharmacy
The link of the video lecture at YouTube is
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3QDG8ZIX-8
It contains the basic principle of Mossbauer Spectroscopy.
Recoil energy, Dopler shift.
The instrumentation of Mossbauer Spectroscopy.
Hyperfine interactions.
NQR - DEFINITION - ELECTRIC FIELD GRADIENT - NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE MOMENT - NUCLEAR QUADRUPOLE COUPLING CONSTANT - PRINCIPLE OF NQR - ENERGY OF INTERACTION - SELECTION RULE - FREQUENCY OF TRANSITION - APPLICATIONS
The investigation of thermodynamic properties and reactivity yields interesting insights into the chemistry of newly synthesized substances. With thermal analysis extensive information can be gained from small samples (often only a few milligrams). In addition, the data obtained by thermal analysis can be used to plan and optimize a synthesis. Among the most important applications are identification and purity analysis, and the determination of characteristic temperatures and enthalpies of phase transitions (melting, vaporization), phase transformations, and reactions. Investigations into the kinetics of consecutive reactions and decomposition reactions are also possible. With the instruments available today such analyses can usually be performed quickly and easily. In this review the fundamentals of thermoanalytical methods are described and illustrated with selected examples of applications to low and high molecular weight compounds.
In DSC the heat flow is measured and plotted against temperature of furnace or time to get a thermo gram. This is the basis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).
The deviation observed above the base (zero) line is called exothermic transition and below is called endothermic transition.
Knocking Door of Cyclic Voltammetry - cv of CV by Monalin MishraMONALINMISHRA
This ppt presentation shares some short basic knowledge on the electroanalytical technique of Cyclic Voltammetry. It also covers the working of CV with some short videos and photos.It also provides general explanation on some relevent techniques
This Power point presentation was prepared to describe in detail about the two main voltammetry techniques of electrochemistry which is polarography and voltammetry. In these slides, I discussed the working, instrumentation, various electrodes, advantages, disadvantages..etc. Hope you understand the topic.
It is a research paper which talks about Mimicking the melanin production to help in coloring the human hair. The paper has been published in ACS journal(2017).
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
2. Voltammetry
It is an Electro- analytical technique.
It gives information about the analyte.
We can even measure the amount of current by varying the
voltage.
The change in current with the varying voltage gives the
plot and is known as uoltammogram
There is a minimum potential required to initiate an
oxidation or reduction reaction at an electrode.
3. Instrumentation
It is a three electrode system.
1. Working electrode ; 2. Reference electrode and
3. Auxiliary electrode.
(1) working electrode;
(2) auxiliary electrode;
(3) reference electrode
5. Other commonly used electrode materials gold, platinum and
glassy carbon.
Glassy carbon Gold electrode
6. Depending on the choice of working electrode, the type of voltammetry is
decided.
Example :
We use Dropping Mercury Electrode (DME) in Polarography technique
We use Platinum electrode in Cyclic Voltammetry
We use Glassy Carbon as electrode in Linear Sweep Voltammetry.
7. Reference Electrode
Usually Standard electrode is used as Reference electrode.
Its potential is constant.
It provides potential to the Working electrode.
Common reference electrode are :
Calomel electrode and Ag/AgCl electrode
8. Auxiliary Electrode
It is usually a thin platinum wire.
It serves merely to carry the current flowing through the cell.
Usually redox reaction occur simultaneously at the
auxiliary electrode.
9. Type of Voltammetry
LINEAR SWEEP VOLTAMMETRY
STAIRCASE VOLTAMMETRY
CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY
SQUAREWAVE VOLTAMMETRY
ANODIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY
CATHODIC STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY
ABSORPTIVE STRIPPING VOLTAMMETRY
ALTERNATING CURRENT VOLTAMMETRY
POLAROGRAPHY
ROTATED ELECTRODE VOLTAMMETRY
NORMAL PULSE VOLTAMMETRY
DIFFERENTIAL PULSE VOLTAMMETRY
CHRONOAMPEROMETRY.
10. Linear Sweep Voltammetry
In linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) a fixed potential range.
the voltage is scanned from a lower limit to an upper limit.
11. In LSV measurements the current response is plotted as a function of voltage
rather than time.
The scan begins from the left hand side of the current/voltage plot where no
current flows.
As the voltage is swept further to the right (to more reductive values) a current
begins to flow and eventually reaches a peak before dropping
12. Normal Pulse Voltammetry
Normal polarography has been replaced by
various forms of pulse polarography.
It uses a series of potential pulses.
Here the pulse time (tp) is 50ms.
Each potential has different amplitude
13. Differential Pulse Voltammetry
If potential pulse is applied periodically to the Linear Sweep Voltammetry, then it is
known as Differential Pulse Polarography.
Hence it is denoted as the differential of linear sweep voltammetry.
14. The current is measured twice per cycle.
Here the pulse time (tp) is 17ms.
The difference in the two currents gives rise to the peak-shaped voltammogram.
consistent enhancement of the signal is achieved.
Detection limit is as low as 10-8 M
Each potential step has the same amplitude
15. Polarography
Polarography is the branch of
voltammetry in which a dropping
mercury electrode (DME) is used as the
working electrode.
16. Conventional DC
Wide cathodic potential range and a renewable surface
Hence widely used for the determination of many reducible species
Reduction begins at sufficiently negative potential
voltage applied to the polarisable electrode is increased over the range of 0-2V
It is known as incomplete electrolysis.
17. Jaroslav Heyrovsky
He was the inventor of Polarographic technique.
He received Nobel Prize in 1959
He is known as father of electro analytical
method.
18. Polarography has a special characteristic :
1. Use of polarized electrode.
2. Use of depolarized electrode.
POLARIZED ELECTRODE : DME
DEPOLARIZED ELECTRODE : SCE
19.
20. Dropping Mercury Electrode
It is the working electrode in one of the voltammetry technique known as
polarography
21. Advantages of DME
Clean Surface generated
Rapid constant current achievement
Even metal with high negative standard voltage systems can be studied without
hydrogen.
Amalgam formation more favourable.