The document discusses the key structural components of houses, including foundations, walls, floors, and roofs. It explains that houses require internal frames like wooden beams, studs, and rafters to provide support, strength and spaces for external coverings. These framing structures are sized and connected according to building codes based on engineering principles. The document also differentiates between load-bearing and non-load bearing walls, with the former conducting weight to the foundation and the latter usually able to be removed without compromising structural integrity.

1. Video Lectures for B.tech
By:
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2. Framed
Structures
Luisana
Hernández
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3. Definition
A house's skeleton is called the frame.
• Like the human body, a
house has a skeleton that
gives it support, shape, and a
framework for outer coverings.
• Most houses are made of wooden
beams, floor joists, walls studs, roof
rafters, and related components.
• To ensure the structure's strength,
these parts are sized and connected in
accordance with building codes that
are based on basic load engineering
principles.
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4. Structures
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5. Foundation and footing
• Foundation and footing
deliver loads from the
house down to solid soil.
The footing is wider than
the foundation to spread
out loads.
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6. Wall framing
• Wall framing in house construction includes the
vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls
and interior partitions. This serve as a nailing
base for all covering material and support the
upper floor platforms, which provide the lateral
strength along a wall.
• Wall framing includes bearing walls and non-bearing
walls.
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7. Load bearing walls
• Is one in which a wall of a structure bears the
weight and force resting upon it, conducting the
vertical load from the upper structure to the
foundation.
• If you remove part or all of a load-bearing wall
without reinforcing the structure, floors and roof
may sag and windows and doors may stick.
Worse, part of the house may collapse.
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8. Nonbearing walls
• Non-bearing walls may be either
perpendicular or parallel to joists or rafters.
They often may be identified from under the
house because they're not supported by a
foundation or beam.
• They don't support loads so they usually
can be removed without compromising a
structure's strength.
Because they don't support loads, they usually can be removed without compromising a structure's
strength.
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9. Floor framing
• Floor framing consists of a
system of sills, beams, girders,
joists, and subflooring, all
properly sized and connected
together. Floor framing
provides support for floor
loads, and gives lateral
support to exterior walls.
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10. Roof framing
• A roof is the covering on the
uppermost part of a building. A
roof protects the building and its
contents from the effects of
weather.
• The construction of a roof is
determined by its method of
support and how the underneath
space is bridged and whether or
not the roof is pitched.
• The supporting structure of a roof
usually comprises beams that are long
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11. Construction systems Platform Framing Balloon Framing
 Is more labor
intensive and long
lumber is more
expensive and harder
to get.
 Is way faster and cheaper.
 It utilizes long
continuous framing
members (studs) with
intermediate floor
structures nailed to
them.
 The creation of a
path for fire to readily
travel from floor to
floor.
 The most common
method of light-frame
construction for
houses and small
apartment buildings.
 Is a method of wood
construction that has
been dead for like 70
years.
 Is a method of
concrete (most common)
or treated wood..
 On top of the
foundations, a wood
floor joist and subfloor
system is provided. video.edhole.com

12. Conclusions
 Architects, urban planners and engineers must work
together, and they all must have a full working knowledge of
how to construct walls, ceiling, floors and other parts of a
building structure.
 Architects creates drawings that show all the necessary
elements that must come together to make a space functional.
 It's important to know which parts are critical to a house's
structure so that you don't compromise its strength when
remodeling or doing work that involves cutting into framing
members.
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13. Glossary
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1. Beams: A squared-off log or a large, oblong piece of timber,
metal, or stone used especially as a horizontal support in
construction.
2. Joists: A place or part at which two or more things are joined.
3. Walls studs: An upright post in the framework of a wall for
supporting sheets of lath, wallboard, or similar material.
4. Roof rafters: One of the sloping beams that supports a pitched
roof.
5. Wider: having a certain or specified extent from side to side
6. Nailing base: A slim, pointed piece of metal hammered into
material as a fastener.
7. Sills: a horizontal timber, block, or the like serving as a
foundation of a wall, house, etc.
8. Girders: A beam, as of steel, wood, or reinforced concrete,
used as a main horizontal support in a building or bridge.
9. Subflooring: a rough floor beneath a finished floor.
10.The pitch: is the angle at which the roof rises from its lowest to
highest point.
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