VHDL stands for VHSIC Hardware Description Language and was standardized in 1987. It allows hierarchical design of hardware modules with well-defined interfaces and behavioral specifications. Modules can be simulated and synthesized into logic circuits. The design flow involves hierarchical design, coding in VHDL, compilation, simulation, synthesis, placement and routing, and timing verification. VHDL uses entities to declare module interfaces and architectures to describe internal structures or behaviors. Types such as integers, reals, arrays and enumerated types are used to define signals, variables and constants.
The document discusses some key concepts in VHDL, a hardware description language. It explains that in VHDL, an entity defines a module's external interface or ports, hiding its internal details. The architecture then describes the module's internal structure or behavior. There can be multiple architectures for a single entity. The architecture uses the ports from the entity and can contain additional internal signals and components.
This document describes functions in VHDL. It states that a function accepts arguments and returns a result of a predetermined type. When called, actual parameters are substituted for formal parameters and the function call is replaced by the return type value. A function can define local types, constants, variables, nested functions and procedures. The keywords begin and end enclose sequential statements executed when the function is called. It then provides a simple example of an inhibit gate using a function.
The document provides an overview of VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language), including its history, purpose, key characteristics, and basic constructs. VHDL is used to describe digital circuits and is a concurrent language where instructions execute simultaneously, unlike sequential programming languages. The document discusses VHDL design units, data types, operators, and basic modeling concepts like entities, architectures, signals, variables, and processes.
The document discusses various aspects of VHDL including enumerated types, subtypes, constants, arrays, strings, and different architecture modeling styles like dataflow, behavioral, and structural. Enumerated types allow defining a set of named values for a type. Subtypes restrict a base type to a range of values. Constants contribute to readability and portability. Arrays define ordered sets of elements of the same type indexed by integers. Strings are arrays of characters. Architecture bodies specify the internal logic of an entity using components, concurrent signal assignments, sequential processes, or a combination.
This document provides an overview of VHDL and FPGA design using VHDL. It discusses the required and recommended reading materials, gives a brief history of VHDL, and covers some VHDL fundamentals including entity declaration, architecture, libraries, port modes, and the STD_LOGIC data type. Tips are provided on formatting, naming conventions, and increasing readability and portability of VHDL designs.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model digital circuits. It allows modeling at different levels of abstraction like behavioral, dataflow, and structural. VHDL supports design reuse through libraries and packages. Key benefits include being public standard, technology independent, and supporting design hierarchy, simulation, synthesis and documentation. The basic units in VHDL are entities which define the interface and architectures which describe the internal implementation. Architectures contain concurrent statements that execute in parallel and sequential statements in processes that execute sequentially.
VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) is becoming increasingly popular as a way to capture complex digital electronic circuits for both simulation and synthesis. Digital circuits captured using VHDL can be easily simulated, are more likely to be synthesizable into multiple target technologies, and can be archived for later modification and reuse.
- Procedures and functions are used to define reusable subprograms. Procedures do not return a value while functions return a value.
- Packages are used to group related types, constants, and subprograms. Package declarations define the interface while package bodies define the implementation details.
- VHDL describes both the structure and behavior of hardware designs. Structure is defined using entities, architectures, blocks, and components. Behavior is defined using processes, signals, and assignments.
The document discusses some key concepts in VHDL, a hardware description language. It explains that in VHDL, an entity defines a module's external interface or ports, hiding its internal details. The architecture then describes the module's internal structure or behavior. There can be multiple architectures for a single entity. The architecture uses the ports from the entity and can contain additional internal signals and components.
This document describes functions in VHDL. It states that a function accepts arguments and returns a result of a predetermined type. When called, actual parameters are substituted for formal parameters and the function call is replaced by the return type value. A function can define local types, constants, variables, nested functions and procedures. The keywords begin and end enclose sequential statements executed when the function is called. It then provides a simple example of an inhibit gate using a function.
The document provides an overview of VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language), including its history, purpose, key characteristics, and basic constructs. VHDL is used to describe digital circuits and is a concurrent language where instructions execute simultaneously, unlike sequential programming languages. The document discusses VHDL design units, data types, operators, and basic modeling concepts like entities, architectures, signals, variables, and processes.
The document discusses various aspects of VHDL including enumerated types, subtypes, constants, arrays, strings, and different architecture modeling styles like dataflow, behavioral, and structural. Enumerated types allow defining a set of named values for a type. Subtypes restrict a base type to a range of values. Constants contribute to readability and portability. Arrays define ordered sets of elements of the same type indexed by integers. Strings are arrays of characters. Architecture bodies specify the internal logic of an entity using components, concurrent signal assignments, sequential processes, or a combination.
This document provides an overview of VHDL and FPGA design using VHDL. It discusses the required and recommended reading materials, gives a brief history of VHDL, and covers some VHDL fundamentals including entity declaration, architecture, libraries, port modes, and the STD_LOGIC data type. Tips are provided on formatting, naming conventions, and increasing readability and portability of VHDL designs.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model digital circuits. It allows modeling at different levels of abstraction like behavioral, dataflow, and structural. VHDL supports design reuse through libraries and packages. Key benefits include being public standard, technology independent, and supporting design hierarchy, simulation, synthesis and documentation. The basic units in VHDL are entities which define the interface and architectures which describe the internal implementation. Architectures contain concurrent statements that execute in parallel and sequential statements in processes that execute sequentially.
VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) is becoming increasingly popular as a way to capture complex digital electronic circuits for both simulation and synthesis. Digital circuits captured using VHDL can be easily simulated, are more likely to be synthesizable into multiple target technologies, and can be archived for later modification and reuse.
- Procedures and functions are used to define reusable subprograms. Procedures do not return a value while functions return a value.
- Packages are used to group related types, constants, and subprograms. Package declarations define the interface while package bodies define the implementation details.
- VHDL describes both the structure and behavior of hardware designs. Structure is defined using entities, architectures, blocks, and components. Behavior is defined using processes, signals, and assignments.
The document provides an overview of VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language). It discusses the history and features of VHDL, including that it can be used to describe hardware structure and behavior. It also summarizes key VHDL concepts like libraries, packages, entities, architectures, configurations, signals, data types, operators, and language statements.
Yaser Khalifa introduces you to VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language), a hardware description language used in electronic design automation to describe digital and mixed-signal systems such as field-programmable gate arrays and integrated circuits.
The document provides an introduction to VHDL including its origins, domains of description, abstraction levels, modeling styles, and examples of behavioral and structural descriptions. It discusses key VHDL concepts such as entities, architectures, concurrency, hierarchy, and modeling at different levels of abstraction using both behavioral and structural descriptions. Examples include behavioral descriptions of basic components like an AND gate, full adder, D flip-flop, and 4-to-1 multiplexer as well as structural descriptions of a 4-bit adder and 4-bit comparator.
This document discusses the basic structures in VHDL, including entities, architectures, packages, configurations, and libraries. It describes how a digital system is designed hierarchically using modules that correspond to design entities in VHDL. Each entity has an external interface defined by its entity declaration and internal implementations defined by architecture bodies. Architectures can describe the design using behavioral, dataflow, or structural styles.
This document discusses a lecture on combinational logic building blocks and data flow modeling of combinational logic in VHDL. It covers topics like fixed shifters and rotators, basic gates, multiplexers, decoders, adders, comparators, buffers, encoders, and uses an example of a multiplier logic unit to describe combinational logic using the data flow VHDL design style. Slides include VHDL code examples for various combinational logic components like full adders, multiplexers, decoders, comparators, and a priority encoder.
The document discusses VHDL entity declaration and architecture bodies. It explains that an entity declaration defines the input and output pins of a design, while an architecture body defines the functional implementation or operation of the design. An example comparator entity and architecture are provided to illustrate how inputs, outputs, and the comparison logic are defined. User-defined names are underlined.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model electronic systems. A VHDL design unit consists of an entity declaration defining inputs and outputs, and one or more architecture bodies implementing the design. Architectures can model designs at different levels of abstraction such as behavioral, dataflow, or structural. Packages allow reusable code to be organized and shared between designs through declarations and bodies.
The document discusses the structure and behavioral modeling of VHDL. It explains the main components of VHDL structure including entity, architecture, package, and configuration. It provides examples of how to write behavioral models for half adder, full adder, AND gate, and D flip flop in VHDL. The document concludes with references for further reading on VHDL design.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model and design digital circuits. It can be used for simulation, synthesis, and verification of circuits. VHDL has different language elements like entities, architectures, processes, and packages that allow modeling at different levels of abstraction like behavioral, dataflow, and structural. Common data types in VHDL include std_logic, std_logic_vector, and integers. VHDL supports modeling concurrency using processes and signal assignments.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model digital systems. It allows modeling at different levels of abstraction like gate level, register transfer level, and behavioral level. In VHDL, an entity declares the interface of a design unit with ports, an architecture describes the internal functionality using different styles like dataflow, behavioral, structural. Components can be instantiated and interconnected in structural modeling. Testbenches are used to check designs by applying test inputs and observing outputs.
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language), a hardware description language used to model, design, and test digital systems. It provides examples of modeling half adders and full adders in VHDL using different approaches like dataflow, behavioral, and structural modeling. It also compares VHDL with Verilog and provides code examples to implement basic logic gates in both languages. Test benches are demonstrated to verify and test VHDL designs.
Core Java Programming Language (JSE) : Chapter III - Identifiers, Keywords, ...WebStackAcademy
ย
An identifier is a name that is used for the identification purpose. It can either be a class name, method name, variable name, or label name. While creating identifier one must be aware of some rules that has to be followed strictly. Here are the things that can be included while creating java identifiers.
Keywords are predefined, reserved words used in Java programming that have special meanings to the compiler. For example:
int score;
Here, int is a keyword. It indicates that the variable score is of integer type (32-bit signed two's complement integer).
You cannot use keywords like int, for, class etc as variable name (or identifiers) as they are part of the Java programming language syntax. Here's the complete list of all keywords in Java programming.
The eight primitive data types in Java are:
boolean, the type whose values are either true or false
char, the character type whose values are 16-bit Unicode characters
the arithmetic types:
the integral types:
byte
short
int
long
the floating-point types:
float
double
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) and provides information on various topics related to VHDL such as the design flow, levels of abstraction, types of HDLs, comparing VHDL and Verilog, simulation vs. synthesis, logic simulation, motivation for mixed-signal microelectronics, viewing designs by chip technology, concepts of modules and chips, levels of abstraction, types of VHDL, comparing VHDL and Verilog, choosing an HDL, the IEEE standard 1164, entities, architectures, and data objects in VHDL like constants, signals, and variables.
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) and its use in circuit design. It provides three key points:
1. VHDL is used to describe the behavior of electronic circuits and systems and can then be used to implement those circuits in programmable devices like FPGAs or fabricate custom chips.
2. The VHDL design flow involves writing VHDL code with entities, architectures and processes to describe a circuit's behavior, then simulating and synthesizing the code to create a physical circuit implementation.
3. VHDL code structure includes library declarations to share code, entities defining a design's ports and interfaces, and architectures describing its functional behavior using processes
The document discusses key concepts in the Interface Definition Language (IDL) used in Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). It covers IDL ground rules like case sensitivity, syntax, comments, and modules. It also describes various IDL data types including primitive types like boolean, char, floating point, integer types and constructed types like enumerations, structures, unions, and interfaces. Methods, parameters, direction qualifiers like in, out, inout are explained. The document also discusses one-way methods and how they allow non-blocking remote procedure calls.
This document provides an introduction to VHDL including:
- An overview of the goals which are to further the author's knowledge of VHDL, provide history, and introduce syntax and concepts.
- A brief history of VHDL including its origins in the 1970s and standardization in the 1980s and beyond.
- Examples of VHDL code including a 4-to-1 multiplexer, 8-bit shifter, and testbenches with explanations of the code.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to design digital systems from the gate level to the VLSI module level. There are two main types of representation in VHDL - behavioral/dataflow and structural. The behavioral representation models the logic of a system using boolean expressions, while the structural representation models the physical interconnection of components. A basic VHDL program structure includes an entity declaration defining the inputs and outputs, and an architecture body specifying how the system is implemented either behaviorally or structurally using components.
- VHDL has three main types of delays - inertial, transport, and delta. Inertial delay models component delays and rejects spikes below a threshold. Transport delay models wire delays and propagates all pulses. Delta delay is used when no other delay is specified to enable concurrent zero-delay operations.
The document describes experiments conducted on digital logic circuits using VHDL. It includes summaries of experiments on multiplexers, logic gates, demultiplexers, half adders, full adders, half subtractors, full subtractors, SR latches, and SR clocked latches. Code snippets in VHDL are provided for each circuit along with truth tables and conclusions.
VHDL is an industry standard language used to describe hardware from the abstract level to the implementation level. It allows designers to quickly develop complex designs and supports a modular design methodology with multiple levels of hierarchy. VHDL is a concurrent language that allows designs to be described at different levels of abstraction, from the dataflow level up to the structural and behavioral levels. It provides extensive modeling capabilities and supports features like concurrency, sequential statements, test and simulation, strongly typed variables and objects, and vendor libraries.
The document discusses the history and benefits of VHDL. It originated in the 1970s with the goal of creating a common language to shorten the time from hardware concept to implementation. The first version was released in 1985 by the Department of Defense. VHDL became an IEEE standard in 1987 and was updated in 1993 and 2001. It allows for technology-independent design, supports various design methodologies, simulation, synthesis and documentation. Key aspects include entities, architectures, configurations and using libraries.
The document provides an overview of VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language). It discusses the history and features of VHDL, including that it can be used to describe hardware structure and behavior. It also summarizes key VHDL concepts like libraries, packages, entities, architectures, configurations, signals, data types, operators, and language statements.
Yaser Khalifa introduces you to VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language), a hardware description language used in electronic design automation to describe digital and mixed-signal systems such as field-programmable gate arrays and integrated circuits.
The document provides an introduction to VHDL including its origins, domains of description, abstraction levels, modeling styles, and examples of behavioral and structural descriptions. It discusses key VHDL concepts such as entities, architectures, concurrency, hierarchy, and modeling at different levels of abstraction using both behavioral and structural descriptions. Examples include behavioral descriptions of basic components like an AND gate, full adder, D flip-flop, and 4-to-1 multiplexer as well as structural descriptions of a 4-bit adder and 4-bit comparator.
This document discusses the basic structures in VHDL, including entities, architectures, packages, configurations, and libraries. It describes how a digital system is designed hierarchically using modules that correspond to design entities in VHDL. Each entity has an external interface defined by its entity declaration and internal implementations defined by architecture bodies. Architectures can describe the design using behavioral, dataflow, or structural styles.
This document discusses a lecture on combinational logic building blocks and data flow modeling of combinational logic in VHDL. It covers topics like fixed shifters and rotators, basic gates, multiplexers, decoders, adders, comparators, buffers, encoders, and uses an example of a multiplier logic unit to describe combinational logic using the data flow VHDL design style. Slides include VHDL code examples for various combinational logic components like full adders, multiplexers, decoders, comparators, and a priority encoder.
The document discusses VHDL entity declaration and architecture bodies. It explains that an entity declaration defines the input and output pins of a design, while an architecture body defines the functional implementation or operation of the design. An example comparator entity and architecture are provided to illustrate how inputs, outputs, and the comparison logic are defined. User-defined names are underlined.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model electronic systems. A VHDL design unit consists of an entity declaration defining inputs and outputs, and one or more architecture bodies implementing the design. Architectures can model designs at different levels of abstraction such as behavioral, dataflow, or structural. Packages allow reusable code to be organized and shared between designs through declarations and bodies.
The document discusses the structure and behavioral modeling of VHDL. It explains the main components of VHDL structure including entity, architecture, package, and configuration. It provides examples of how to write behavioral models for half adder, full adder, AND gate, and D flip flop in VHDL. The document concludes with references for further reading on VHDL design.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model and design digital circuits. It can be used for simulation, synthesis, and verification of circuits. VHDL has different language elements like entities, architectures, processes, and packages that allow modeling at different levels of abstraction like behavioral, dataflow, and structural. Common data types in VHDL include std_logic, std_logic_vector, and integers. VHDL supports modeling concurrency using processes and signal assignments.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model digital systems. It allows modeling at different levels of abstraction like gate level, register transfer level, and behavioral level. In VHDL, an entity declares the interface of a design unit with ports, an architecture describes the internal functionality using different styles like dataflow, behavioral, structural. Components can be instantiated and interconnected in structural modeling. Testbenches are used to check designs by applying test inputs and observing outputs.
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language), a hardware description language used to model, design, and test digital systems. It provides examples of modeling half adders and full adders in VHDL using different approaches like dataflow, behavioral, and structural modeling. It also compares VHDL with Verilog and provides code examples to implement basic logic gates in both languages. Test benches are demonstrated to verify and test VHDL designs.
Core Java Programming Language (JSE) : Chapter III - Identifiers, Keywords, ...WebStackAcademy
ย
An identifier is a name that is used for the identification purpose. It can either be a class name, method name, variable name, or label name. While creating identifier one must be aware of some rules that has to be followed strictly. Here are the things that can be included while creating java identifiers.
Keywords are predefined, reserved words used in Java programming that have special meanings to the compiler. For example:
int score;
Here, int is a keyword. It indicates that the variable score is of integer type (32-bit signed two's complement integer).
You cannot use keywords like int, for, class etc as variable name (or identifiers) as they are part of the Java programming language syntax. Here's the complete list of all keywords in Java programming.
The eight primitive data types in Java are:
boolean, the type whose values are either true or false
char, the character type whose values are 16-bit Unicode characters
the arithmetic types:
the integral types:
byte
short
int
long
the floating-point types:
float
double
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) and provides information on various topics related to VHDL such as the design flow, levels of abstraction, types of HDLs, comparing VHDL and Verilog, simulation vs. synthesis, logic simulation, motivation for mixed-signal microelectronics, viewing designs by chip technology, concepts of modules and chips, levels of abstraction, types of VHDL, comparing VHDL and Verilog, choosing an HDL, the IEEE standard 1164, entities, architectures, and data objects in VHDL like constants, signals, and variables.
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language) and its use in circuit design. It provides three key points:
1. VHDL is used to describe the behavior of electronic circuits and systems and can then be used to implement those circuits in programmable devices like FPGAs or fabricate custom chips.
2. The VHDL design flow involves writing VHDL code with entities, architectures and processes to describe a circuit's behavior, then simulating and synthesizing the code to create a physical circuit implementation.
3. VHDL code structure includes library declarations to share code, entities defining a design's ports and interfaces, and architectures describing its functional behavior using processes
The document discusses key concepts in the Interface Definition Language (IDL) used in Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). It covers IDL ground rules like case sensitivity, syntax, comments, and modules. It also describes various IDL data types including primitive types like boolean, char, floating point, integer types and constructed types like enumerations, structures, unions, and interfaces. Methods, parameters, direction qualifiers like in, out, inout are explained. The document also discusses one-way methods and how they allow non-blocking remote procedure calls.
This document provides an introduction to VHDL including:
- An overview of the goals which are to further the author's knowledge of VHDL, provide history, and introduce syntax and concepts.
- A brief history of VHDL including its origins in the 1970s and standardization in the 1980s and beyond.
- Examples of VHDL code including a 4-to-1 multiplexer, 8-bit shifter, and testbenches with explanations of the code.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to design digital systems from the gate level to the VLSI module level. There are two main types of representation in VHDL - behavioral/dataflow and structural. The behavioral representation models the logic of a system using boolean expressions, while the structural representation models the physical interconnection of components. A basic VHDL program structure includes an entity declaration defining the inputs and outputs, and an architecture body specifying how the system is implemented either behaviorally or structurally using components.
- VHDL has three main types of delays - inertial, transport, and delta. Inertial delay models component delays and rejects spikes below a threshold. Transport delay models wire delays and propagates all pulses. Delta delay is used when no other delay is specified to enable concurrent zero-delay operations.
The document describes experiments conducted on digital logic circuits using VHDL. It includes summaries of experiments on multiplexers, logic gates, demultiplexers, half adders, full adders, half subtractors, full subtractors, SR latches, and SR clocked latches. Code snippets in VHDL are provided for each circuit along with truth tables and conclusions.
VHDL is an industry standard language used to describe hardware from the abstract level to the implementation level. It allows designers to quickly develop complex designs and supports a modular design methodology with multiple levels of hierarchy. VHDL is a concurrent language that allows designs to be described at different levels of abstraction, from the dataflow level up to the structural and behavioral levels. It provides extensive modeling capabilities and supports features like concurrency, sequential statements, test and simulation, strongly typed variables and objects, and vendor libraries.
The document discusses the history and benefits of VHDL. It originated in the 1970s with the goal of creating a common language to shorten the time from hardware concept to implementation. The first version was released in 1985 by the Department of Defense. VHDL became an IEEE standard in 1987 and was updated in 1993 and 2001. It allows for technology-independent design, supports various design methodologies, simulation, synthesis and documentation. Key aspects include entities, architectures, configurations and using libraries.
This document provides an introduction to basic coding in VHDL using Quartus software. It describes VHDL as a hardware description language used to model digital systems. It explains some key concepts in VHDL including entities, architectures, ports, processes, and the different modeling styles of structural, dataflow and behavioral. It provides examples of coding half adders and AND gates in VHDL.
Ece iv-fundamentals of hdl [10 ec45]-notessiddu kadiwal
ย
This document outlines the syllabus for a course on fundamentals of hardware description languages (HDL). It covers 8 units: 1) Introduction to HDLs including VHDL and Verilog, 2) Data flow descriptions, 3) Behavioral descriptions, 4) Structural descriptions, 5) Procedures, tasks and functions, 6) Mixed-type descriptions, 7) Mixed-language descriptions, and 8) Synthesis basics. Each unit covers different HDL modeling concepts and techniques over 6-7 hours. The introduction unit provides an overview of HDLs, different levels of abstraction, basic VHDL structure including entities and architectures, and behavioral/structural modeling styles.
vlsi introduction to hdl and its typesunit-1.pptxiconicyt2
ย
This document provides an introduction to VHDL and Verilog HDL. It discusses the need for HDLs to describe digital systems, as well as the basic structure and components of VHDL and Verilog modules. The key capabilities of VHDL and Verilog are described, including their support for hierarchy, flexible design methodologies, and modeling of different description styles. Basic concepts like entities, architectures, modules, ports, and data types are introduced.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to model digital systems. It allows modeling at different levels of abstraction including dataflow, behavioral, and structural. An entity declares the interface of a design using ports. The internal description is defined in an architecture using either dataflow assignments, behavioral processes, or as a structure of interconnected components. Architectures can be tested using a testbench that generates stimulus and checks the design response.
HDLs like VHDL and Verilog are used to describe digital logic circuits and systems. VHDL uses a programming-like syntax to describe entities with architectures, while Verilog can describe designs at different levels of abstraction from algorithms to transistor-level operations. Both support basic data types like integers and support common operators. They have conventions for naming and coding style to improve readability and debugging.
VHDL stands for very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language and used to design and simulate basic as well as complex digital circuits.
VHDL is a hardware description language used to design digital systems. It allows systems to be modeled at different levels of abstraction like behavioral and structural. The behavioral model describes a system's behavior as inputs and outputs, while the structural model shows how system components are interconnected. VHDL uses entities to define a system's ports and architectures to describe its structure or behavior. Examples show implementing a half adder using behavioral and structural modeling in VHDL.
hardware description language power point presentationdhananjeyanrece
ย
A hardware description language enables a precise, formal description of an electronic circuit that allows for the automated analysis and simulation of an electronic circuit. It also allows for the synthesis of an HDL description into a netlist (a specification of physical electronic components and how they are connected together), which can then be placed and routed to produce the set of masks used to create an integrated circuit.
Digital principle and computer design Presentation (1).pptxMalligaarjunanN
ย
This document discusses the Hardware Description Language (HDL) VHDL. It provides an overview of VHDL, including that it is used to describe and simulate digital circuits, and is an IEEE standard. The key elements of VHDL are then described - entities define input/output ports, architectures describe how the circuit operates, and configurations define how designs are linked together. Examples of each element are provided. Finally, it briefly discusses VHDL modeling styles and objects like constants, variables, and signals.
The document provides an overview of VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuits Hardware Description Language). It discusses the key elements and features of VHDL including concurrent and sequential statements, signals and variables, generics, multi-valued logic systems, and operator overloading. It also describes different levels of abstraction in VHDL design including behavioral, register transfer, logic, and layout levels. Finally, it discusses some basic building blocks of VHDL like entities, architectures, configurations, and libraries.
OVERVIEW OF HARDWARE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGES (HDLs) Dr.YNM
ย
This document provides an overview of hardware description languages (HDLs) VHDL and Verilog. It discusses key aspects of HDLs including their structure, modeling approaches, operators, and data types. HDLs allow designing and synthesizing digital circuits using high-level language code. The two popular HDLs, VHDL and Verilog, have similar structures that describe a design's behavior and relationship between inputs and outputs. They support various modeling approaches and operator types to fully represent digital designs.
The document discusses VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language). It provides definitions and history of VHDL. It describes the basic constructs and elements of VHDL including entity declaration, architecture body, ports, signals, constants, variables, numeric types, relational and logical operators. It also gives examples of entity declarations for basic gates, comparator, multiplexer and behavioral architecture for a full adder.
The document provides an overview of Wi-Fi technology and HDL (Hardware Description Language) tools. It discusses VLSI design flow and introduces VHDL. It describes the capabilities of VHDL and different modeling styles (structural, dataflow, behavioral). It also discusses simulation tools like Active-HDL and synthesis tools like Xilinx ISE, covering their design entry methods, implementation processes, and supported standards.
L6_Slides_vhdl coures temporary hair dye for dark hairloyad20119
ย
1. The document introduces VHDL language concepts including entities, architectures, concurrent and sequential constructs, and structural design. It then discusses CAD tools used for VHDL design including editors, checkers, simulators, and optimizers. 2. Designs can be targeted to a variety of FPGAs. The output of the design kit can also be converted to other formats like VHDL, Verilog, EDIF and SystemC. 3. The document provides examples of VHDL code including entities, architectures, processes, and structural descriptions. It also discusses modeling methods in VHDL including structural, behavioral, data flow, and mixed approaches.
This document discusses hierarchical modeling in VHDL. It describes how to incorporate hierarchy using component declarations and instantiations. It provides the format for architecture bodies, component declarations, and component instantiations using both keyword and positional notation. An example is given showing how unused ports in a component instantiation can be optimized during synthesis.
The document introduces VHDL to engineers who will use it to describe circuits for implementation in programmable logic or ASICs. It aims to provide enough information for engineers to quickly get started using VHDL while avoiding prolonged discussions more relevant for simulation developers. The document suggests coding styles appropriate for a variety of synthesis and simulation tools.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
ย
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Information and Communication Technology in EducationMJDuyan
ย
(๐๐๐ ๐๐๐) (๐๐๐ฌ๐ฌ๐จ๐ง 2)-๐๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฆ๐ฌ
๐๐ฑ๐ฉ๐ฅ๐๐ข๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐๐ฎ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง:
Students will be able to explain the role and impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education. They will understand how ICT tools, such as computers, the internet, and educational software, enhance learning and teaching processes. By exploring various ICT applications, students will recognize how these technologies facilitate access to information, improve communication, support collaboration, and enable personalized learning experiences.
๐๐ข๐ฌ๐๐ฎ๐ฌ๐ฌ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ซ๐๐ฅ๐ข๐๐๐ฅ๐ ๐ฌ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ๐๐๐ฌ ๐จ๐ง ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ข๐ง๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ง๐๐ญ:
-Students will be able to discuss what constitutes reliable sources on the internet. They will learn to identify key characteristics of trustworthy information, such as credibility, accuracy, and authority. By examining different types of online sources, students will develop skills to evaluate the reliability of websites and content, ensuring they can distinguish between reputable information and misinformation.
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17Celine George
ย
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
ย
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Brand Guideline of Bashundhara A4 Paper - 2024khabri85
ย
It outlines the basic identity elements such as symbol, logotype, colors, and typefaces. It provides examples of applying the identity to materials like letterhead, business cards, reports, folders, and websites.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
ย
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
1. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 1 of 14
4.7 VHDL
โVHDLโ stands for โVHSIC Hardware Description Language.โ VHSIC, in turn, stands for โVery High Speed
Integrated Circuit, which was a joint program between the US Department of Defense and IEEE in the mid-
1980s to research on high-performance IC technology.
VHDL was standardized by the IEEE in 1987 (VHDL-87) and extended in 1993 (VHDL-93).
Features:
โข Designs may be decomposed hierarchically.
โข Each design element has both
1. a well-defined interface (for connecting it to other elements) and
2. a precise behavioral specification (for simulating it).
โข Behavioral specifications can use either an algorithm or an actual hardware structure to define an elementโs
operation.
โข Concurrency, timing, and clocking can all be modeled.
โข VHDL handles asynchronous as well as synchronous sequential-circuit structures.
โข The logical operation and timing behavior of a design can be simulated.
VHDL synthesis tools are programs that can create logic-circuit structures directly from VHDL behavioral
descriptions.
Using VHDL, you can design, simulate, and synthesize anything from a simple combinational circuit to a complete
microprocessor system on a chip.
4.7.1. Design Flow
Steps in the design flow:
1. Hierarchical / block diagram. Figuring out the basic approach and building blocks at the block-diagram level.
Large logic designs are usually hierarchical, and VHDL gives you a good framework for defining modules and
their interfaces and filling in the details later.
2. Coding. Actual writing of VHDL code for modules, their interfaces, and their internal details.
3. Compilation. Analyses your code for syntax errors and checks it for compatibility with other modules on which
it relies. Compilation also creates the internal information that is needed for simulation.
4. Simulation. A VHDL simulator allows you to define and apply inputs to your design, and to observe its
outputs. Simulation is part of a larger step called verification. A functional verification is performed to verify
that the circuitโs logical operation works as desired independent of timing considerations and gate delays.
5. Synthesis. Converting the VHDL description into a set of primitives or components that can be assembled in
the target technology. For example, with PLDs or CPLDs, the synthesis tool may generate two-level sum-of-
products equations. With ASICs, it may generate a netlist that specifies how the gates should be interconnected.
6. Fitting / Placement & Routing. Maps the synthesized components onto physical devices.
7. Timing verification. At this stage, the actual circuit delays due to wire lengths, electrical loading, and other
factors are known, so precise timing simulation can be performed. Study the circuitโs operation including
estimated delays, and we verify that the setup, hold, and other timing requirements for sequential devices like
flip-flops are met.
4.7.2 Program Structure
A key idea in VHDL is to define the interface of a hardware module while hiding its internal details.
A VHDL entity is simply a declaration of a moduleโs inputs and outputs, i.e. its external interface signals or
ports.
A VHDL architecture is a detailed description of the moduleโs internal structure or behavior.
You can think of the entity as a โwrapperโ for the architecture, hiding the details of whatโs entity
inside while providing the โhooksโ for other modules to use it. architecture
VHDL actually allows you to define multiple architectures for a single entity, and it provides a
configuration management facility that allows you to specify which one to use during a
particular synthesis run.
2. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 2 of 14
In the text file of a VHDL program, the entity declaration and architecture definition are separated.
Example โ VHDL program for an โinhibitโ gate: mydesign.vhd
entity Inhibit is -- also known as โBUT-NOTโ
port (X, Y: in BIT; -- as in โX but not Yโ entity declaration
Z: out BIT);
end Inhibit; architecture
definition
architecture Inhibit_arch of Inhibit is
begin
Z <= '1' when X='1' and Y='0' else '0';
end Inhibit_arch;
Keywords: entity, port, is, in, out, end, architecture, begin, when, else, and not.
Comments: begin with two hyphens (--) and end at the end of a line.
Identifiers: begin with a letter and contain letters, digits, and underscores. (An underscore may not follow another
underscore or be the last character in an identifier.)
Keywords and identifiers are not case sensitive.
A basic entity declaration has the syntax as shown below:
entity entity-name is
port (signal-names : mode signal-type;
signal-names : mode signal-type;
โฆ
signal-names : mode signal-type);
end entity-names;
In addition to the keywords, an entity declaration has the following elements:
entity-name: A user-selected identifier to name the entity.
signal-names: A comma-separated list of one or more user-selected identifiers to name external-interface
signals.
mode: One of four reserved words, specifying the signal direction:
in โ The signal is an input to the entity.
out โ The signal is an output of the entity. Note that the value of such a signal cannot be โreadโ inside the
entityโs architecture, only by other entities that use it.
buffer โ The signal is an output of the entity, and its value can also be read inside the entityโs architecture.
inout โ The signal can be used as an input or an output of the entity. This mode is typically used for three-
state input/output pins on PLDs.
signal-type: A built-in or user-defined signal type. See below.
A basic architecture definition has the syntax as shown below:
architecture architecture-name of entity-name is
type declarations
signal declarations
constant declarations
function definitions
procedure definitions
component declarations
begin
concurrent-statement
โฆ
concurrent-statement
end architecture-name;
The architecture-name is a user-selected identifier, usually related to the entity name.
3. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 3 of 14
An architectureโs external interface signals (ports) are inherited from the port-declaration part of its corresponding
entity declaration.
An architecture may also include signals and other declarations that are local to that architecture.
Declarations common to multiple entities can be made in a separate โpackageโ used by all entities. See 4.7.5.
The declarations can appear in any order.
signal declaration.
signal signal-names : signal-type;
4.7.3 Types and constants
All signals, variables, and constants must have an associated โtype.โ The type specifies the set or range of values
that the object can take on.
Some predefined types are:
bit, bit_vector, boolen, character, integer, real, and string.
A user-defined enumerated types have the following syntax:
type type-name is (value-list);
-- value-list is a comma-separated list of all possible values of the type.
-- subtypes of a type. Values must be a contiguous range of values of the base type, from start to end.
subtype subtype-name is type-name range start to end; -- ascending order
subtype subtype-name is type-name range start downto end; -- descending order
constant constant-name: type-name := value;
Example (enumerated type):
type traffic_light_state is (reset, stop, wait, go);
type std_logic is ( โUโ, โXโ, โ0โ, โ1โ, โZโ, โWโ, โLโ, โHโ, โ-โ);
subtype fourval_logic is std_logic range โXโ to โZโ;
subtype bitnum is integer range 31 downto 0;
constant bus_size: integer := 32; -- width of component
constant MSB: integer := bus_size-1; -- bit number of MSB
constant Z: character := โZโ;-- synonym for Hi-Z value
array types have the following syntax:
type type-name is array (start to end) of element-type;
type type-name is array (start downto end) of element-type;
type type-name is array (range-type) of element-type;
type type-name is array (range-type range start to end) of element-type;
type type-name is array (range-type range start downto end) of element-type;
Example (array type):
type monthly_count is array (1 to 12) of integer;
type byte is array (7 downto 0) of std_logic;
constant word_len: integer := 32;
type word is array (word_len โ 1 downto 0) of std_logic; -- note: a range
value can be a simple expression.
constant num_regs: integer := 8;
type reg_file is array (1 to num_regs) of word; -- a two dimensional array
type statecount is array (traffic_light_state) of integer; -- an enumerated
type can be the range.
Array elements are considered to be ordered from left to right, in the same direction as index range. Thus, the
leftmost elements of arrays of types:
monthly_count is 1, byte is 7, word is 31, reg_file is 1, and statecount is reset.
4. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 4 of 14
Array elements are accessed using parentheses. If M, B, W, R, and S are signals or variables of the five array types
above, then
M(11), B(5), W(word_len โ 5), R(0, 0), S(reset).
Array literals can be specified using different formats:
B := (โ1โ, โ1โ, โ1โ, โ1โ, โ1โ, โ1โ, โ1โ, โ1โ);
B := โ11111111โ;
W := (0=>โ0โ, 8=>โ0โ, 16=>โ0โ, 24=>โ0โ, others => โ1โ);
W := โ11111110111111101111111011111110โ;
It is also possible to refer to a contiguous subset or slice of an array. eg.
M(6 to 9), B(3 downto 0), W(15 downto 8), S(stop to go).
You can combine arrays or array elements using the concatenation operator & which joins arrays and elements in
the order written, from left to right. eg.
โ0โ & โ1โ & โ1Zโ = โ011Zโ
B(6 downto 0) & B(7) yields a 1-bit left circular shift of the 8-bit array B.
The most important array type is:
type STD_LOGIC_VECTOR is array (natural range <>) of STD_LOGIC;
-- example of an unconstrained array type โ the range of the array is unspecified
4.7.4 Functions and procedures
A function accepts a number of arguments and returns a result.
function function-name (
signal-names : signal-type;
signal-names : signal-type;
โฆ
signal-names : signal-type
) return return-type is
type declarations
constant declarations
variable declarations
function definitions
procedure definitions
begin
sequential-statement
โฆ
sequential -statement
end function-name;
A procedure does not return a result. Their arguments can be specified with type out or inout to โreturnโ results.
A function can be used in the place of an expression.
A procedure can be used in the place of a statement.
5. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 5 of 14
Example โ an โinhibitโ function:
architecture Inhibit_archf of Inhibit is
function ButNot (A, B: bit) return bit is
begin
if B = โ0โ then return A;
else return โ0โ;
end if;
end ButNot;
begin
Z <= ButNot(X, Y);
end Inhibit_archf;
Can have overloaded operators. the compiler picks the definition that matches the operand types in each use of the
operator.
4.7.5 Libraries and Packages
A library is a place where the VHDL compiler stores information about a particular design project, including
intermediate files that are used in the analysis, simulation, and synthesis of the design.
For a given VHDL design, the compiler automatically creates and uses a library named โworkโ under the current
design directory.
Use the library clause at the beginning of the design file to use a standard library.
library ieee;
The clause โlibrary work;โ is included implicitly at the beginning of every VHDL design file.
A library name in a design gives it access to any previously analyzed entities and architectures stored in the library,
but it does not give access to type definitions.
A package is a file containing definitions of objects that can be used in other programs. The kind of objects that can
be put into a package include signal, type, constant, function, procedure, and component declarations.
Signals that are defined in a package are โglobalโ signals, available to any entity that uses the package.
A design can use a package with the statement
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
Here, โieeeโ is the name of the library. Use the file named โstd_logic_1164โ within this library. The โallโ tells the
compiler to use all of the definitions in this file.
The package syntax:
package package-name is
-- public section: visible in any design file that uses the package
type declarations
signal declarations
constant declarations
component declarations
function declarations -- lists only the function name, arguments, and type.
procedure declarations
end package-name;
package body package-name is
-- private section: local to the package
type declarations
constant declarations
function definitions -- the complete function definition
procedure definitions
end package-name;
6. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 6 of 14
4.7.6 Structural design elements
The body of an architecture is a series of concurrent statements.
Each concurrent statement executes simultaneously with the other concurrent statements in the same architecture
body. e.g. if the last statement updates a signal that is used by the first statement, then the simulator will go back
to that first statement and update its results according to the signal that just changed.
The simulator will keep propagating changes and updating results until the simulated circuit stabilizes.
Component statement (a concurrent statement).
label: component-name port map (signal1, signal2, โฆ, signal_n);
label: component-name port map(port1=>signal1, port2=>signal2, โฆ, port_n=>signal_n);
Component-name is the name of a previously defined entity that is to be used, or instantiated, within the current
architecture body.
Each instance must be named by a unique label.
The port map introduces a list that associates ports of the named entity with signals in the current architecture.
Before being instantiated in an architectureโs definition, a component must be declared in a component declaration
in an architectureโs definition. It is essentially the same as the port-declaration part of the corresponding entity
declaration.
The components used in an architecture may be ones that were previously defined as part of a design, or they may
be part of a library.
A component declaration.
component component-name
port (signal-names : mode signal-type;
signal-names : mode signal-type;
โฆ
signal-names : mode signal-type);
end component;
A VHDL architecture that uses components is often called a structural description or structural design, because it
defines the precise interconnection structure of signals and entities that realize the entity. A pure structural
description is equivalent to a schematic or a net list for the circuit.
In some applications, it is necessary to create multiple copies of a particular structure within an architecture. e.g. an
n-bit โripple adderโ can be created by cascading n โfull adders.โ
A generate statement allows you to create such repetitive structures using a kind of โfor loop.โ
label: for identifier in range generate
concurrent-statement
end generate;
The value of a constant must be known at the time that a VHDL program is compiled. In many applications it is
useful to design and compile an entity and its architecture while leaving some of its parameters, such as bus
width, unspecified.
A generic statement lets you do this.
entity entity-name is
generic (constant-names : constant-type;
constant-names : constant-type;
โฆ
constant-names : constant-type);
port (signal-names : mode signal-type;
โฆ
signal-names : mode signal-type);
end component;
7. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 7 of 14
Example โ Given the schematic diagram for a prime-number detector, we can implement a structural VHDL
program for the prime-number detector.
N3 N 3 N0
'
N2 N 3 N 2 N1
' '
N1 N 2 N1 N0
' F
N2 N 1 N0
'
N0
library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
entity prime is
port ( N: in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 downto 0);
F: out STD_LOGIC );
end prime;
architecture prime1_arch of prime is
signal N3_L, N2_L, N1_L: STD_LOGIC;
signal N3L_N0, N3L_N2L_N1, N2L_N1_N0, N2_N1L_N0: STD_LOGIC;
component INV port (I: in STD_LOGIC; O: out STD_LOGIC); end component;
component AND2 port (I0,I1: in STD_LOGIC; O: out STD_LOGIC);
end component;
component AND3 port (I0,I1,I2: in STD_LOGIC; O: out STD_LOGIC);
end component;
component OR4 port (I0,I1,I2,I3: in STD_LOGIC; O: out STD_LOGIC);
end component;
begin
U1: INV port map (N(3), N3_L);
U2: INV port map (N(2), N2_L);
U3: INV port map (N(1), N1_L);
U4: AND2 port map (N3_L, N(0), N3L_N0);
U5: AND3 port map (N3_L, N2_L, N(1), N3L_N2L_N1);
U6: AND3 port map (N2_L, N(1), N(0), N2L_N1_N0);
U7: AND3 port map (N(2), N1_L, N(0), N2_N1L_N0);
U8: OR4 port map (N3L_N0, N3L_N2L_N1, N2L_N1_N0, N2_N1L_N0, F);
end prim1_arch;
8. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 8 of 14
Example (generate) โ an 8-bit inverter generated from one component.
library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
entity inv8 is
port ( X: in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (1 to 8);
Y: out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (1 to 8) );
end inv8;
architecture inv8_arch of inv8 is
component INV port (I: in STD_LOGIC; O: out STD_LOGIC); end component;
begin
g1: for b in 1 to 8 generate
U1: INV port map (X(b), Y(b));
end generate;
end inv8_arch;
Example (generic, generate) โ an arbitrary-width bus inverter.
library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
entity businv is
generic ( WIDTH: positive);
port ( X: in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (WIDTH-1 downto 0);
Y: out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (WIDTH-1 downto 0) );
end businv;
architecture businv_arch of businv is
component INV port (I: in STD_LOGIC; O: out STD_LOGIC); end component;
begin
g1: for b in WIDTH-1 downto 0 generate
U1: INV port map (X(b), Y(b));
end generate;
end businv_arch;
9. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 9 of 14
4.7.7 Dataflow design elements
Several additional concurrent statements allow VHDL to describe a circuit in terms of the flow of data and
operations on it within the circuit. This style is called a dataflow description or dataflow design.
concurrent signal-assignment statement.
signal-name <= expression;
The type for expression must be identical or a sub-type of signal-name.
In the case of arrays, both the element type and the length must match; however, the index range and direction need
not match.
Example (concurrent signal-assignment) โ Dataflow VHDL architecture for the prime-number detector.
architecture prime2_arch of prime is
signal N3L_N0, N3L_N2L_N1, N2L_N1_N0, N2_N1L_N0: STD_LOGIC;
begin
N3L_N0 <= not N(3) and N(0);
N3L_N2L_N1 <= not N(3) and not N(2) and N(1);
N2L_N1_N0 <= not N(2) and N(1) and N(0);
N2_N1L_N0 <= N(2) and not N(1) and N(0);
F <= N3L_N0 or N3L_N2L_N1 or N2L_N1_N0 or N2_N1L_N0;
end prime2_arch;
conditional signal-assignment statement.
signal-name <= expression when boolean-expression else
expression when boolean-expression else
โฆ
expression when boolean-expression else
expression;
Boolean operators: and, or, not.
Relational operators: =, /= (not equal), >, >=, <, <=.
The combined set of conditions in a single statement should cover all possible input combinations.
Example (conditional signal-assignment) โ Dataflow VHDL architecture for the prime-number detector.
architecture prime3_arch of prime is
signal N3L_N0, N3L_N2L_N1, N2L_N1_N0, N2_N1L_N0: STD_LOGIC;
begin
N3L_N0 <= โ1โ when N(3)=โ0โ and N(0)=โ1โ else โ0โ;
N3L_N2L_N1 <= โ1โ when N(3)=โ0โ and N(2)=โ0โ and N(1)=โ1โ else โ0โ;
N2L_N1_N0 <= โ1โ when N(2)=โ0โ and N(1)=โ1โ and N(0)=โ1โ else โ0โ;
N2_N1L_N0 <= โ1โ when N(2)=โ1โ and N(1)=โ0โ and N(0)=โ1โ else โ0โ;
F <= N3L_N0 or N3L_N2L_N1 or N2L_N1_N0 or N2_N1L_N0;
end prime3_arch;
10. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 10 of 14
selected signal-assignment statement.
with expression select
signal-name <= signal-value when choices,
signal-value when choices,
โฆ
signal-value when choices,
The choices may be a single value of expression or a list of values separated by vertical bars ( | ).
The choices for the entire statement must be mutually exclusive and all inclusive.
Example (concurrent signal-assignment) โ Dataflow VHDL architecture for the prime-number detector.
architecture prime4_arch of prime is
begin
with N select
F <= '1' when "0001",
'1' when "0010",
'1' when "0011" | "0101" | "0111",
'1' when "1011" | "1101",
'0' when others;
end prime4_arch;
Example โ A more behavioral description of the prime-number detector.
architecture prime5_arch of prime is
begin
with CONV_INTEGER(N) select -- convert STD_LOGIC_VECTOR to INTEGER
F <= '1' when 1 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 13,
'0' when others;
end prime5_arch;
11. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 11 of 14
4.7.8 Behavioral design elements
VHDLโs key behavioral element is the โprocess.โ A process is a collection of sequential statements that executes in
parallel with other concurrent statements and other processes.
process statement.
process (signal-name, signal-name, โฆ, signal-name)
type declarations
constant declarations
variable declarations
function definitions
procedure definitions
begin
sequential-statement
โฆ
sequential -statement
end process;
A process statement can be used anywhere that a concurrent statement can be used.
A process is either running or suspended.
The list of signals in the process definition, called the sensitivity list, determines when the process runs.
A process initially is suspended. When any signal in its sensitivity list changes value, the process resumes execution,
starting with its first sequential statement and continuing until the end.
If any signal in the sensitivity list change value as a result of running the process, it runs again. This continues until
none of the signals change value.
In simulation, all of this happens in zero simulated time.
The sensitivity list is optional; a process without a sensitivity list starts running at time zero in simulation. One
application of such a process is to generate input waveforms in a test bench.
A process may not declare signals. It can only declare variables.
A VHDL variable is similar to signals, except that they usually donโt have physical significance in a circuit. They
are used only in functions, procedures, and processes to keep track of the state within a process and is not
visible outside of the process.
variable declaration.
variable variable-names : variable-type;
Example โ A process-based dataflow VHDL architecture for the prime-number detector.
architecture prime6_arch of prime is
begin
process(N)
variable N3L_N0, N3L_N2L_N1, N2L_N1_N0, N2_N1L_N0: STD_LOGIC;
begin
N3L_N0 := not N(3) and N(0);
N3L_N2L_N1 := not N(3) and not N(2) and N(1);
N2L_N1_N0 := not N(2) and N(1) and N(0);
N2_N1L_N0 := N(2) and not N(1) and N(0);
F <= N3L_N0 or N3L_N2L_N1 or N2L_N1_N0 or N2_N1L_N0;
end process;
end prime6_arch;
12. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 12 of 14
VHDL has several kinds of sequential statements.
sequential signal-assignment statement โ same as the concurrent signal-assignment statement. It is sequential
because it occurs in the body of a process rather than an architecture.
Since we cannot have signal definitions in a process, the signal-name must be one from the sensitivity list.
signal-name <= expression;
variable-assignment statement -
variable-name := expression; -- notice the different assignment operator for variables.
if statement.
if boolean-expression then sequential-statement
end if;
if boolean-expression then sequential-statement
else sequential-statement
end if;
if boolean-expression then sequential-statement
elsif boolean-expression then sequential-statement -- note the spelling for the keyword elsif
โฆ
elsif boolean-expression then sequential-statement
else sequential-statement
end if;
case statement.
case expression is
when choices => sequential-statements -- one or more sequential statements can be used
โฆ
when choices => sequential-statements
when others => sequential-statements -- optional; to denote all values that have not yet been covered.
end case;
A case statement is usually more readable and may yield a better synthesized circuit.
The choices must be mutually exclusive and include all possible values of expressionโs type.
loop statements.
for identifier in range loop -- for loop
sequential-statement
โฆ
sequential-statement
end loop;
loop -- infinite loop
sequential-statement
โฆ
sequential-statement
end loop;
exit; -- transfers control to the statement immediately following the loop end
next; -- causes any remaining statements in the loop to be bypassed and begins the next iteration of the loop.
The identifier is declared implicitly by its appearance in the for loop and has the same type as range. This
variable may be used within the loopโs sequential statements, and it steps through all of the values in range,
from left to right, one per iteration.
13. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 13 of 14
Example โ Prime-number detector using an if statement.
architecture prime7_arch of prime is
begin
process(N)
variable NI: integer;
begin
NI := CONV_INTEGER(N);
if NI=1 or NI=2 then F <= '1';
elsif NI=3 or NI=5 or NI=7 or NI=11 or NI=13 then F <= '1';
else F <= '0';
end if;
end process;
end prime7_arch;
Example โ Prime-number detector using an case statement.
architecture prime8_arch of prime is
begin
process(N)
begin
case CONV_INTEGER(N) is
when 1 => F <= '1';
when 2 => F <= '1';
when 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 13 => F <= '1';
when others => F <= '0';
end case;
end process;
end prime8_arch;
14. Section 4.7 โ VHDL Page 14 of 14
Example โ A truly behavioral description of a prime-number detector.
library IEEE;
use IEEE.std_logic_1164.all;
entity prime9 is
port ( N: in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (15 downto 0);
F: out STD_LOGIC );
end prime9;
architecture prime9_arch of prime9 is
begin
process(N)
variable NI: integer;
variable prime: boolean;
begin
NI := CONV_INTEGER(N);
prime := true;
if NI=1 or NI=2 then null; -- take case of boundary cases
else
for i in 2 to 253 loop
if NI mod i = 0 then
prime := false;
exit;
end if;
end loop;
end if;
if prime then F <= '1';
else F <= '0';
end if;
end process;
end prime9_arch;