Venturi scrubbers are a type of wet scrubber air pollution control device that uses the venturi effect to inject liquid into a high velocity gas stream. They consist of a converging section, throat, and diverging section. Polluted gas enters the converging section and accelerates through the throat where it is mixed with an injected liquid, removing pollutants. Droplets are then separated from the cleaned gas. Venturi scrubbers can effectively remove particles and some gases, have small space needs, and handle high temperature streams, but require high power and can cause corrosion and water disposal issues.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Sludge dewatering is a prior process to manage the sludge. The dewatering requires to decrease the volume of sludge for easy handling. It has two methods: Conventional and advance.
this presentation gives you a quick glimpse of Sludge Dewatering process and method.
Different settling methods in mechanical operations Jaydrath Sindhav
Its part of sedimentation which is covered under the Mechanical operations. It contains the gravity sedimentation, clarifier and classifiers, sink and float method, gravity and sorting classifiers, differential settling methods etc....
Its just gives basic concept of sedimentation.
Global marketing presentation introducing clean coal burning power plants in the Beijing, China demographic. Identifies implementation costs, barriers to entry and construction costs featuring partnerships with global manufacturing companies.
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL course material by Prof S S JAHAGIRDAR,NKOCET,SOLAPUR for BE (CIVIL ) students of Solapur university. Content will be also useful for SHIVAJI and PUNE university students
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Lecture note of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
Sludge dewatering is a prior process to manage the sludge. The dewatering requires to decrease the volume of sludge for easy handling. It has two methods: Conventional and advance.
this presentation gives you a quick glimpse of Sludge Dewatering process and method.
Different settling methods in mechanical operations Jaydrath Sindhav
Its part of sedimentation which is covered under the Mechanical operations. It contains the gravity sedimentation, clarifier and classifiers, sink and float method, gravity and sorting classifiers, differential settling methods etc....
Its just gives basic concept of sedimentation.
Global marketing presentation introducing clean coal burning power plants in the Beijing, China demographic. Identifies implementation costs, barriers to entry and construction costs featuring partnerships with global manufacturing companies.
Air Pollution control- at source-equipments for control of air pollution-For particulate matter-Settling chambers-Fabric filters-Scrubbers-Cyclones-Electrostatic precipitators
, For Gaseous pollutants-control by absorption-adsorption-scrubbers-secondary combustion after burners, Working principles advantages and disadvantages
Ever wondered how to use modern OpenGL in a way that radically reduces driver overhead? Then this talk is for you.
John McDonald and Cass Everitt gave this talk at Steam Dev Days in Seattle on Jan 16, 2014.
Effective Techniques to control gaseous & particulate pollutionShristi Soni
This powerpoint has been made in context to briefly describe about the congtrol methods for gaseous and particulate pollution. This Presentation also briefly describes about the control devices seperately for Gaseous pollution as well as Particulate Pollution.
Hence, this PPT can be very effective way of studying and analysing this Topic
Effect of Geometric Configuration on Performance of Uniflow CycloneIJERD Editor
Reverse flow cyclones find wide applications in many industries however, they require a high
expenditure of energy and large pressure drops, which can be better overcome by uniflow cyclones. A
laboratory unit of Uniflow Cyclone has been developed with 45 mm inlet diameter. The performance
parameters pressure drop and total efficiency were studied for the effect of geometric configuration. The present
study includes the effect of 4 different geometric parameters on performance of uniflow cyclone. The geometric
variation of test cyclones includes the Inlet velocity, Vane angles, Outlet to inlet diameter ratio and Separation
lengths. The overall experimental results yield and investigated the optimal conditions for uniflow cyclone
performance is 450 vane angle, 0.5 outlet to inlet diameter ratio, 3D separation length and 9-10 m/s inlet
velocity. The experimental pressure drop values are validated with the model equations available in literature
and well matched for Ramachandran model.
various dust and gaseous pollutant separation techniques and devices. description of the devices such as their working, particle sizes removed, removal efficiency, mechanism involved etc.
In this presentation i have made the design and development of De-Dusting system for the reduction of dust and chemical emission from the atmosphere of the steel industry (Electrotherm India Ltd.) [Final Semester project Mechanical Engineering 8th sem]
Waterman Engineers Australia offers scrubbers for controlling air pollution, which are used in industrial operations to remove dangerous pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter from exhaust gases before releasing them into the atmosphere. The most common types of scrubbers are wet scrubbers, dry scrubbers, and electrostatic precipitators. Flue gas desulfurization (FGD) scrubbers are wet scrubbers used to remove sulfur dioxide from industrial and power plant flue gases. Packed tower gas scrubbers and packaged scrubbers are also effective at removing a wide range of pollutants. However, scrubbers produce trash that requires proper disposal and require energy to operate. Using scrubbers in conjunction with other strategies like pollution prevention and source reduction can help reduce emissions to the minimum.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
2. What are air pollution control devices?
Wet scrubbers
Venturi scrubber
Construction and Working
Advantages and Disadvantages.
3. Since the industrial revolution, air pollution has been
on a steady rise and to reduce it, certain efforts have
been undertaken. Various control devices at differe
nt levels of industry are in effect. Control devices
either eliminate or reduce the extent of pollutant rel
eased into the atmosphere. Control devices
The following items are commonly used as pollution c
ontrol devices by industry or transportation devices. T
hey can either destroy contaminants or remove the
m from an exhaust stream before it is emitted into the
atmosphere.
4. Mechanical collectors (dust cyclones, multicyclones):
Electrostatic precipitators An electrostatic precipitator (ESP), or
electrostatic air cleaner is a particulate collection device that removes
particles from a flowing gas (such as air) using the force of an induced
electrostatic charge. Electrostatic precipitators are highly efficient
filtration devices that minimally impede the flow of gases through the
device, and can easily remove fine particulates such as dust and smoke
from the air stream.
Baghouses:
Designed to handle heavy dust loads, a dust collector consists of a
blower, dust filter, a filter-cleaning system, and a dust receptacle or dust
removal system (distinguished from air cleaners which utilize disposable
filters to remove the dust).
Particulate scrubbers:
Wet scrubber is a form of pollution control technology. The term
describes a variety of devices that use pollutants from a furnace flue gas
or from other gas streams. In a wet scrubber, the polluted gas stream is
brought into contact with the scrubbing liquid, by spraying it with the
liquid, by forcing it through a pool of liquid, or by some other contact
method, so as to remove the pollutants.
5. They are broadly classified as
1)Dry Scrubbers.
2) Wet Scrubbers.
Following are certain wet scrubbers:
Baffle spray scrubber
Cyclonic spray scrubber
Ejector venturi scrubber
Mechanically aided scrubber
Spray tower.
6. The term wet scrubber describes a
variety of devices that remove
pollutants from a furnace flue gases or
from other gas streams. In a wet
scrubber, the polluted gas stream is
brought into contact with the scrubbing
liquid, by spraying it with the liquid, by
forcing it through a pool of liquid, or by
some other contact method, so as to
remove the pollutants.
7. Venturi Scrubber is a type of air pollution
control devices.
It falls under the category of wet scrubbers.
About 35 years ago, Johnstone (1949) and
other researchers found that they could
effectively use the venturi configuration to
remove particles from gas streams.
8. A venturi scrubber consists of three sections: a
converging section, a throat section, and a
diverging section.
The inlet of polluted gases is through the
converging section of the scrubber.
Whereas, water containing the washed away
suspended particles and dissolved gases finds an
outlet at the diverging section.
10. The inlet gas stream enters the converging section and, as
the area decreases, gas velocity increases (in accordance
with the Bernoulli Equation). Liquid is introduced either at
the throat or at the entrance to the converging section.
The inlet gas, forced to move at extremely high velocities in
the small throat section, shears the liquid from its walls,
producing an enormous number of very tiny droplets.
Particle and gas removal occur in the throat section as the
inlet gas stream mixes with the fog of tiny liquid droplets.
The inlet stream then exits through the diverging section,
where it is forced to slow down.
Venturis can be used to collect both particulate and gaseous
pollutants, but they are more effective in removing particles
than gaseous pollutants.
11. Liquid can be injected at the converging
section or at the throat. Figure 2 shows
liquid injected at the converging
section. Thus, the liquid coats the venturi
throat making it very effective for
handling hot, dry inlet gas that
contains dust. Otherwise, the dust would
have a tendency to cake on or abrade a
dry throat. These venturis are sometimes
referred to as having a wetted approach.
13. Figure 3 shows liquid injected at the
venturi throat. Since it is sprayed at or
just before the throat, it does not actually
coat the throat surface. These throats are
susceptible to solids buildup when the
throat is dry. They are also susceptible to
abrasion by dust particles. These venturis
are best used when the inlet stream is cool
and moist. These venturis are referred to
as having a non-wetted approach.
15. Venturis with round throats (Figures
2 and 3) can handle inlet flows as
large as 88,000 m³/h (40,000 cfm)
(Brady and Legatski 1977). At inlet
flow rates greater than this, achieving
uniform liquid distribution is difficult,
unless additional weirs or baffles are
used. To handle large inlet flows,
scrubbers designed with long, narrow,
rectangular throats (Figure 4) have
been used.
17. Water sprays help prevent solids buildup. The principal
atomization of the liquid occurs at the rods, where the
high-velocity gas moving through spacings creates the small
droplets necessary for fine particle collection. These rods
must be made of abrasion-resistant material due to the high
velocities present.
All venturi scrubbers require an entrainment separator
because the high velocity of gas through the scrubber will
have a tendency to entrain the droplets with the outlet
clean gas stream.
Cyclonic, mesh-pad, and blade separators are all used to
remove liquid droplets from the flue gas and return the
liquid to the scrubber water. Cyclonic separators, the most
popular for use with venturi scrubbers, are connected to
the venturi vessel by a flooded elbow (Figure 5). The liquid
reduces abrasion of the elbow as the outlet gas flows at
high velocities from the venturi into the separator.
19. Small space requirements: Scrubbers reduce the temperature
and volume of the unsaturated exhaust stream. Therefore,
vessel sizes, including fans and ducts downstream, are smaller
than those of other control devices. Smaller sizes result in lower
capital costs and more flexibility in site location of the
scrubber.
No secondary dust sources: Once particulate matter is
collected, it cannot escape from hoppers or during transport.
Handles high-temperature, high-humidity gas streams: No
temperature limits or condensation problems can occur as in
baghouses or ESPs.
Minimal fire and explosion hazards: Various dry dusts are
flammable. Using water eliminates the possibility of explosions.
Ability to collect both gases and particulate matter.
20. Corrosion problems: Water and dissolved pollutants
can form highly corrosive acid solutions. Proper
construction materials are very important. Also, wet-
dry interface areas can result in corrosion.
High power requirements: High collection
efficiencies for particulate matter are attainable only
at high pressure drops, resulting in high operating
costs.
Water-disposal problems: Settling ponds or sludge
clarifiers may be needed to meet waste-water
regulations.
Difficult product recovery: Dewatering and drying of
scrubber sludge make recovery of any dust for reuse
very expensive and difficult.