It is most typically used as transparent glazing material in the building envelope, including windows in the external walls. Glass is also used for internal partitions and as an architectural feature. When used in buildings, glass is often of a safety type, which include reinforced, toughened and laminated glasses.
The document provides an overview of different types of cladding systems. It defines cladding as an exterior finishing system that protects the underlying structure and provides decorative finish. There are many types of cladding including dry wall, wet wall, weatherboard, timber, stone, external foam, metal, concrete, and brick cladding. The major purpose of cladding is to separate the indoor and outdoor environments to maintain suitable indoor conditions by keeping water out, preventing air leakage, controlling light, heat radiation and conduction, and controlling sound.
This document provides information on different types of glass, their manufacturing processes, and applications. It discusses float glass, clear glass, soda lime glass, and other types classified by their manufacturing process. It also covers post-application processes like coated glass, laminated glass, and strengthened glass. The key components of soda lime glass are listed as silica, sodium, calcium, magnesium, alumina, and potassium. The document explains the manufacturing method of melting, forming, and controlled cooling or annealing. Joinery and bonding of glass is also addressed.
The document discusses different types of cladding used in construction. It begins by defining cladding as non-structural exterior surfaces attached to buildings. It then covers 6 main types of cladding - stone, timber, metal, brick, terracotta and modern trends. For each type, it describes materials, installation methods, advantages and disadvantages. Modern trends in cladding include dynamic systems, ventilated facades, rainscreen systems and use of high-pressure laminates and fiber cement. The document provides an overview of cladding materials and their properties for architectural design and construction.
The document discusses different types of building cladding materials and systems. It describes cladding as the exterior skin of a building that provides protection from weather elements while serving decorative purposes. Some key types of cladding mentioned include curtain wall systems, attached panels, and infill systems. The document also discusses various cladding materials used for interior and exterior applications such as timber, stone, brick, and metal. It provides details on installation methods and advantages of different cladding options.
Timber frame construction relies on timber beams for structural support. It is a fast growing method used in over 70% of developed world housing. Some advantages are quick construction, high insulation, and environmental friendliness as wood is renewable. Disadvantages include potential for water damage and poor sound insulation. Irish companies in timber framing include Kingspan, Kelly Frame Timber, and Eco Homes.
Glass is an amorphous solid formed by rapidly cooling molten materials like silica. It is manufactured by melting raw materials like quartz at high temperatures then rapidly cooling. The molten glass can be shaped using processes like pressing, blowing, or drawing. Glass has many useful properties like high strength, resistance to chemicals, and being a good electrical insulator. Common types include soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, and leaded glass. Glass finds wide uses in construction, appliances, vehicles, and scientific and industrial equipment due to its versatile material properties.
The document discusses different types of wall panelling materials and their uses. It describes various panelling materials like wood, metal, acoustic and structural panels. Wood panelling provides insulation and decorative appearance. Panelling is used to cover walls for aesthetic purposes and can provide insulation, soundproofing and reduce construction costs. Common panelling materials mentioned include wood, metal, laminate and tileboard panels.
It is most typically used as transparent glazing material in the building envelope, including windows in the external walls. Glass is also used for internal partitions and as an architectural feature. When used in buildings, glass is often of a safety type, which include reinforced, toughened and laminated glasses.
The document provides an overview of different types of cladding systems. It defines cladding as an exterior finishing system that protects the underlying structure and provides decorative finish. There are many types of cladding including dry wall, wet wall, weatherboard, timber, stone, external foam, metal, concrete, and brick cladding. The major purpose of cladding is to separate the indoor and outdoor environments to maintain suitable indoor conditions by keeping water out, preventing air leakage, controlling light, heat radiation and conduction, and controlling sound.
This document provides information on different types of glass, their manufacturing processes, and applications. It discusses float glass, clear glass, soda lime glass, and other types classified by their manufacturing process. It also covers post-application processes like coated glass, laminated glass, and strengthened glass. The key components of soda lime glass are listed as silica, sodium, calcium, magnesium, alumina, and potassium. The document explains the manufacturing method of melting, forming, and controlled cooling or annealing. Joinery and bonding of glass is also addressed.
The document discusses different types of cladding used in construction. It begins by defining cladding as non-structural exterior surfaces attached to buildings. It then covers 6 main types of cladding - stone, timber, metal, brick, terracotta and modern trends. For each type, it describes materials, installation methods, advantages and disadvantages. Modern trends in cladding include dynamic systems, ventilated facades, rainscreen systems and use of high-pressure laminates and fiber cement. The document provides an overview of cladding materials and their properties for architectural design and construction.
The document discusses different types of building cladding materials and systems. It describes cladding as the exterior skin of a building that provides protection from weather elements while serving decorative purposes. Some key types of cladding mentioned include curtain wall systems, attached panels, and infill systems. The document also discusses various cladding materials used for interior and exterior applications such as timber, stone, brick, and metal. It provides details on installation methods and advantages of different cladding options.
Timber frame construction relies on timber beams for structural support. It is a fast growing method used in over 70% of developed world housing. Some advantages are quick construction, high insulation, and environmental friendliness as wood is renewable. Disadvantages include potential for water damage and poor sound insulation. Irish companies in timber framing include Kingspan, Kelly Frame Timber, and Eco Homes.
Glass is an amorphous solid formed by rapidly cooling molten materials like silica. It is manufactured by melting raw materials like quartz at high temperatures then rapidly cooling. The molten glass can be shaped using processes like pressing, blowing, or drawing. Glass has many useful properties like high strength, resistance to chemicals, and being a good electrical insulator. Common types include soda lime glass, borosilicate glass, and leaded glass. Glass finds wide uses in construction, appliances, vehicles, and scientific and industrial equipment due to its versatile material properties.
The document discusses different types of wall panelling materials and their uses. It describes various panelling materials like wood, metal, acoustic and structural panels. Wood panelling provides insulation and decorative appearance. Panelling is used to cover walls for aesthetic purposes and can provide insulation, soundproofing and reduce construction costs. Common panelling materials mentioned include wood, metal, laminate and tileboard panels.
The document discusses various cost-effective construction techniques that can be used in India to reduce building costs. Some techniques mentioned include using stabilized compressed earth blocks, fly ash bricks, rat-trap bond brickwork, filler slabs for roofs, and replacing concrete lintels with brick arches. Adopting these alternative materials and construction methods can save 15-40% on building costs while still providing durable structures. Proper selection of materials suited to the local area is important for developing cost-effective construction techniques.
Building cladding refers to the exterior materials used to cover the outside of a building. It serves both a decorative and protective purpose, shielding the building from weather elements while also complementing its architectural style. There are different types of cladding materials like timber, stone, metal, and glass, as well as various installation systems like attached, curtain wall, and infill panels. Cladding provides insulation and protection for the building while allowing for various aesthetic designs.
structural glazing and curtain wall
MATERIAL USED
parts of structural glazing and curtain wall
history of glazing
glass description
case study according material
Bamboo is a versatile construction material that is strong yet lightweight. It grows rapidly and can be used for housing, floors, walls, roofs and scaffolding. Some key points:
- Bamboo is one of the strongest and fastest growing plants, reaching heights of over 100 feet.
- It has high tensile and compressive strengths similar to wood.
- Traditional bamboo construction is very effective but new techniques like bamboo reinforced concrete are being developed.
- Proper harvesting, treatment and storage are important to maximize bamboo's lifespan, which can be extended to over 15 years.
- Bamboo construction has advantages of low cost, earthquake resistance and environmental sustainability.
Glass is now a commodity in architecture that is prevalent in iconic structures worldwide. It is a versatile material that adds vibrancy to buildings while also being sustainable as it is recyclable. Glass allows natural lighting and ventilation in buildings, contributing to energy efficiency and air circulation. It also provides transparency in commercial spaces and delineates boundaries in public spaces. Through advances in manufacturing, glass now incorporates safety and weather resistance features to suit modern construction needs.
This document provides an overview of different types of glass used in construction. It discusses architectural glass and its uses as a building material and glazing. Various safety glasses are described, including tempered glass and laminated glass. Other glass types summarized are acoustic glass, colored glass, special glasses like sun protection glass and self-cleaning glass, as well as extra clear glass, etched glass, fire rated glass, annealed glass, mirror glass, patterned glass, and coated glass.
Mud flooring is commonly used in rural villages, where the soil is not always suitable for construction. Stabilizers like cement or indigenous materials like straw or cow dung can be added to improve the soil's strength and reduce shrinkage. A mud floor is constructed by mixing sifted sand, clay, cow manure, and chopped straw then ramming it into a 150mm thick consolidated layer on the wet base floor. To maintain the floor, a thin cement-cow dung coating is added once or twice a week. Mud floors are affordable, easy to build, warm in winter and cool in summer, making them suitable for places with extreme seasonal temperatures.
This document discusses guidelines for human comfort design in buildings. It addresses how buildings should keep occupants comfortable, efficient, healthy and safe as they go about their tasks. Comfort is influenced by temperature, humidity, noise, light, smell and other factors. Passive design strategies like daylighting and natural ventilation can help keep people comfortable without purchased energy. Active strategies like HVAC systems are also discussed. The document provides recommendations and considerations for maintaining thermal, visual, acoustic and olfactory comfort.
This document discusses different types of false ceilings, including their purposes, advantages, materials, and installation methods. It describes common suspended ceiling systems like exposed and concealed grid ceilings. Key materials mentioned include gypsum boards, metal panels, fiberboard, and mineral tiles. Installation photos show the process for concealed grid and exposed strip ceilings.
The document provides information on various external finish materials, including glass, stucco, fibre cement, timber and wood products, and slate. It discusses the properties and applications of each material. Glass is highlighted for its transparency, aesthetics, and functional uses such as doors, windows, and partitions. Stucco is described as a composite building material used for decorative wall coating. Fiber cement is a composite material made of sand, cement and cellulose fibers used for siding. Various wood types and products are outlined, including their properties, common applications, and advantages for construction. Slate is discussed as a roofing material known for its durability and low maintenance.
This document discusses different types of timber roof structures. It describes lean-to roofs, which consist of rafters sloping on one side and are supported by a single wall. Collared roofs have a horizontal collar beam placed between rafters to prevent their spreading. King post roofs contain a central vertical post to support the tie beam below. Queen post roofs are similar but use two vertical queen posts instead of a single king post. Details and dimensions are provided for each type of roof.
Transparent concrete is a concrete based building material with light-Tran missive properties due to embedded light optical elements usually Optical fibres. Light is conducted through the stone from one end to the other. Therefore the fibres have to go through the whole object. Transparent concrete is also known as the translucent concrete and light transmitting concrete because of its properties. It is used in fine architecture as a facade material and for cladding of interior walls. In this paper, to integrate the merits of concrete and optical fibre, for developing transparent concrete by arranging the high numerical aperture Plastic Optical Fibres (POF) or big diameter glass optical fibre into concrete. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an architectural purpose for good aesthetical view of the building.
This document discusses various fire-resistant building materials, their properties, and applications. It describes materials like stone, brick, steel, concrete, glass, asbestos cement, plaster/mortar, gypsum, terra-cotta and stucco. These materials have high melting points and conduct heat slowly, allowing them to maintain structural integrity when exposed to fire for extended periods. Proper material selection and construction techniques are important to achieve adequate fire resistance for buildings.
The document discusses different types of flooring materials and their construction. It describes the key components of flooring as the sub-floor or base course, and floor covering. Common materials used include cement concrete, lime concrete, stones, bricks and wood. The selection of flooring depends on factors like initial cost, appearance, durability, damp and fire resistance. Specific flooring types discussed include mud, muram, brick, flagstone, cement concrete, terrazzo, mosaic and tile flooring.
The document discusses various aspects of building facades and envelopes. It defines facades and envelopes, explaining that facades are the exterior walls of a building and envelopes refer to the exterior parts that separate the indoor and outdoor environment. It describes the key functions of envelopes in providing weather barriers and light transmittance. Various materials that can be used for facades and envelopes like concrete, glass, metal and polymers are discussed. Different types of facade systems like curtain walls, double skin facades and cladding are also summarized. The document provides a comparative analysis of conventional and new facade materials.
This document discusses alternative building materials that can be used instead of conventional materials. It begins by outlining the need for alternative materials due to increasing demand for housing and the environmental impacts of conventional materials. It then lists several alternative materials like hollow concrete blocks, fly ash bricks, rice husk ash, ferrocement, and plastic wood. For each material, it provides details on what it is and its advantages over conventional materials. Overall, the document promotes using alternative materials for construction to address housing needs in a more sustainable way.
Glass as building material covered all the glasses with best and suitable examples
Please like share and subscribe to my Youtube channel
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaUEYWPKaJItDDLpc-ZOl4w
Glass can be produced through float glass processes or glassblowing. Float glass involves floating molten glass on molten tin to produce uniform, flat sheets for modern windows. Glassblowing makes bottles and containers. There are several types of glass like float glass, laminated safety glass, stained glass, tinted glass, and toughened glass. Glass has advantages like various sizes, colors, and being waterproof and rustproof but has disadvantages as it breaks easily and melts at high temperatures. Glass has many applications in buildings as windows, walls, and interior uses due to its light transmission properties.
- A referendum was held in the UK on June 23, 2016 to decide whether the country should leave or remain in the European Union, with "Leave" winning 52% to 48% of the vote.
- Reasons people voted to leave included concerns about immigration levels, a desire for the UK to control its own borders, and skepticism about what being in the EU means.
- Reasons to remain included the economic benefits of access to the EU market, free movement of labor and capital, and the EU's commitment to human rights.
The document discusses various cost-effective construction techniques that can be used in India to reduce building costs. Some techniques mentioned include using stabilized compressed earth blocks, fly ash bricks, rat-trap bond brickwork, filler slabs for roofs, and replacing concrete lintels with brick arches. Adopting these alternative materials and construction methods can save 15-40% on building costs while still providing durable structures. Proper selection of materials suited to the local area is important for developing cost-effective construction techniques.
Building cladding refers to the exterior materials used to cover the outside of a building. It serves both a decorative and protective purpose, shielding the building from weather elements while also complementing its architectural style. There are different types of cladding materials like timber, stone, metal, and glass, as well as various installation systems like attached, curtain wall, and infill panels. Cladding provides insulation and protection for the building while allowing for various aesthetic designs.
structural glazing and curtain wall
MATERIAL USED
parts of structural glazing and curtain wall
history of glazing
glass description
case study according material
Bamboo is a versatile construction material that is strong yet lightweight. It grows rapidly and can be used for housing, floors, walls, roofs and scaffolding. Some key points:
- Bamboo is one of the strongest and fastest growing plants, reaching heights of over 100 feet.
- It has high tensile and compressive strengths similar to wood.
- Traditional bamboo construction is very effective but new techniques like bamboo reinforced concrete are being developed.
- Proper harvesting, treatment and storage are important to maximize bamboo's lifespan, which can be extended to over 15 years.
- Bamboo construction has advantages of low cost, earthquake resistance and environmental sustainability.
Glass is now a commodity in architecture that is prevalent in iconic structures worldwide. It is a versatile material that adds vibrancy to buildings while also being sustainable as it is recyclable. Glass allows natural lighting and ventilation in buildings, contributing to energy efficiency and air circulation. It also provides transparency in commercial spaces and delineates boundaries in public spaces. Through advances in manufacturing, glass now incorporates safety and weather resistance features to suit modern construction needs.
This document provides an overview of different types of glass used in construction. It discusses architectural glass and its uses as a building material and glazing. Various safety glasses are described, including tempered glass and laminated glass. Other glass types summarized are acoustic glass, colored glass, special glasses like sun protection glass and self-cleaning glass, as well as extra clear glass, etched glass, fire rated glass, annealed glass, mirror glass, patterned glass, and coated glass.
Mud flooring is commonly used in rural villages, where the soil is not always suitable for construction. Stabilizers like cement or indigenous materials like straw or cow dung can be added to improve the soil's strength and reduce shrinkage. A mud floor is constructed by mixing sifted sand, clay, cow manure, and chopped straw then ramming it into a 150mm thick consolidated layer on the wet base floor. To maintain the floor, a thin cement-cow dung coating is added once or twice a week. Mud floors are affordable, easy to build, warm in winter and cool in summer, making them suitable for places with extreme seasonal temperatures.
This document discusses guidelines for human comfort design in buildings. It addresses how buildings should keep occupants comfortable, efficient, healthy and safe as they go about their tasks. Comfort is influenced by temperature, humidity, noise, light, smell and other factors. Passive design strategies like daylighting and natural ventilation can help keep people comfortable without purchased energy. Active strategies like HVAC systems are also discussed. The document provides recommendations and considerations for maintaining thermal, visual, acoustic and olfactory comfort.
This document discusses different types of false ceilings, including their purposes, advantages, materials, and installation methods. It describes common suspended ceiling systems like exposed and concealed grid ceilings. Key materials mentioned include gypsum boards, metal panels, fiberboard, and mineral tiles. Installation photos show the process for concealed grid and exposed strip ceilings.
The document provides information on various external finish materials, including glass, stucco, fibre cement, timber and wood products, and slate. It discusses the properties and applications of each material. Glass is highlighted for its transparency, aesthetics, and functional uses such as doors, windows, and partitions. Stucco is described as a composite building material used for decorative wall coating. Fiber cement is a composite material made of sand, cement and cellulose fibers used for siding. Various wood types and products are outlined, including their properties, common applications, and advantages for construction. Slate is discussed as a roofing material known for its durability and low maintenance.
This document discusses different types of timber roof structures. It describes lean-to roofs, which consist of rafters sloping on one side and are supported by a single wall. Collared roofs have a horizontal collar beam placed between rafters to prevent their spreading. King post roofs contain a central vertical post to support the tie beam below. Queen post roofs are similar but use two vertical queen posts instead of a single king post. Details and dimensions are provided for each type of roof.
Transparent concrete is a concrete based building material with light-Tran missive properties due to embedded light optical elements usually Optical fibres. Light is conducted through the stone from one end to the other. Therefore the fibres have to go through the whole object. Transparent concrete is also known as the translucent concrete and light transmitting concrete because of its properties. It is used in fine architecture as a facade material and for cladding of interior walls. In this paper, to integrate the merits of concrete and optical fibre, for developing transparent concrete by arranging the high numerical aperture Plastic Optical Fibres (POF) or big diameter glass optical fibre into concrete. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an architectural purpose for good aesthetical view of the building.
This document discusses various fire-resistant building materials, their properties, and applications. It describes materials like stone, brick, steel, concrete, glass, asbestos cement, plaster/mortar, gypsum, terra-cotta and stucco. These materials have high melting points and conduct heat slowly, allowing them to maintain structural integrity when exposed to fire for extended periods. Proper material selection and construction techniques are important to achieve adequate fire resistance for buildings.
The document discusses different types of flooring materials and their construction. It describes the key components of flooring as the sub-floor or base course, and floor covering. Common materials used include cement concrete, lime concrete, stones, bricks and wood. The selection of flooring depends on factors like initial cost, appearance, durability, damp and fire resistance. Specific flooring types discussed include mud, muram, brick, flagstone, cement concrete, terrazzo, mosaic and tile flooring.
The document discusses various aspects of building facades and envelopes. It defines facades and envelopes, explaining that facades are the exterior walls of a building and envelopes refer to the exterior parts that separate the indoor and outdoor environment. It describes the key functions of envelopes in providing weather barriers and light transmittance. Various materials that can be used for facades and envelopes like concrete, glass, metal and polymers are discussed. Different types of facade systems like curtain walls, double skin facades and cladding are also summarized. The document provides a comparative analysis of conventional and new facade materials.
This document discusses alternative building materials that can be used instead of conventional materials. It begins by outlining the need for alternative materials due to increasing demand for housing and the environmental impacts of conventional materials. It then lists several alternative materials like hollow concrete blocks, fly ash bricks, rice husk ash, ferrocement, and plastic wood. For each material, it provides details on what it is and its advantages over conventional materials. Overall, the document promotes using alternative materials for construction to address housing needs in a more sustainable way.
Glass as building material covered all the glasses with best and suitable examples
Please like share and subscribe to my Youtube channel
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaUEYWPKaJItDDLpc-ZOl4w
Glass can be produced through float glass processes or glassblowing. Float glass involves floating molten glass on molten tin to produce uniform, flat sheets for modern windows. Glassblowing makes bottles and containers. There are several types of glass like float glass, laminated safety glass, stained glass, tinted glass, and toughened glass. Glass has advantages like various sizes, colors, and being waterproof and rustproof but has disadvantages as it breaks easily and melts at high temperatures. Glass has many applications in buildings as windows, walls, and interior uses due to its light transmission properties.
- A referendum was held in the UK on June 23, 2016 to decide whether the country should leave or remain in the European Union, with "Leave" winning 52% to 48% of the vote.
- Reasons people voted to leave included concerns about immigration levels, a desire for the UK to control its own borders, and skepticism about what being in the EU means.
- Reasons to remain included the economic benefits of access to the EU market, free movement of labor and capital, and the EU's commitment to human rights.
University college of engineering, rajasthan technical universityDivyansh Gupta
The document provides information about a presentation given at BHEL, Bhopal on vocational training. It discusses BHEL, its establishment and operations. BHEL was established in 1964 and owns power plant manufacturing facilities across India. The document then discusses BHEL's facility in Bhopal, which was established in 1964 and manufactures power plant equipment. It provides an overview of the types of equipment manufactured at BHEL Bhopal such as transformers, motors, switchgear, turbines and alternators.
The document is a seminar presentation on smart glasses that provides an introduction to the technology, its inventor, models available, types, uses and advantages, disadvantages, and conclusion. It discusses how smart glasses function as wearable computers that add information to what the wearer sees. It outlines the key inventor of smart glasses, technologies used, different models such as the Vuzix M300 and Epson Moverio, and types including ones with single or dual displays. Applications covered include camera, convenience, medical, safety, education, productivity, and sports uses. Disadvantages discussed are issues like data inaccuracy, battery life, cost, and lack of privacy.
The document discusses various brainstorming techniques that can be used to generate ideas for writing topics or points, including freewriting, breaking topics into levels of generality, listing/bulleting, and cubing. It explains that brainstorming involves capturing all thoughts, ideas, and fragments in writing without judgment in order to improve creative thinking. Examples are provided of how to apply different techniques like listing associated words or considering a topic from multiple perspectives.
This document provides an overview and scope for a project aimed at understanding customer trends in the automotive industry in India and Europe. It will study what customers value when purchasing vehicles and how component manufacturers can capture this emerging focus on individual components. The project will analyze industry reports and journals to understand shifting customer interests from final products to specific attractive components. It will then propose models for component manufacturers to increase customer satisfaction and profits by incorporating aesthetic and performance values. Finally, it will compare industry trends in the US, Europe and India to determine the next significant trend in the Indian market and how a component could be developed and positioned to target relevant customer segments.
Nous verrons avec quelques exemples simple qu'il n'est pas compliqué de se lancer dans l'aventure de la création d'un thème, et qu'en plus c'est fun !
Conférence au WordCamp Bordeaux 2017
The document describes Google Glass, a wearable computer with features like:
- An optical head-mounted display and camera that allows hands-free use
- Voice control using a bone conduction speaker and microphone
- Augmented reality provided through technologies like wearable computing, ambient intelligence, and eye tap displays
- Capabilities like taking photos/videos, getting information, viewing maps, and language translation through voice commands
- Future applications in fields like healthcare, education, and more are envisioned despite some current disadvantages like privacy concerns.
Smart habitat and infrastructure uses sensors and ICT to create networked infrastructure for sustainability. A smart home provides comfort and convenience through connected devices, utilities, and appliances that can be remotely controlled. While smart homes offer advantages like increased comfort, convenience, and energy efficiency, they also present issues like loss of privacy, health effects, high replacement costs, and requiring all new smart devices and equipment. Fully realizing the benefits of smart homes will require compatible smart cities with smart governance, infrastructure, and services.
Building Development: Issues and Way Forward in IndiaDr K M SONI
The document discusses India's Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) housing program. Key points:
1) PMAY aims to provide housing for all in urban areas by 2022, with an estimated 20 million houses needed. It has 3 phases from 2015-2022 focusing on 500 cities.
2) The program includes in-situ slum rehabilitation, affordable housing through credit links subsidies (up to Rs. 6 lakhs with 6.5% interest subsidy), and public-private partnerships.
3) Implementation is through state and local governments. Credit links subsidies are a central scheme while other components are centrally sponsored.
4) Affordability is
concrete, presentation includes ingredients of concrete , how we can achieve high strength of concrete in less days of curing, practically shown in the presentation according to the standards of ACI.
Foundation Repair Systems & Forensic Repairsjamieram
The document provides an overview of services offered by Arizona Ram Jack, LLC including helical and hydraulic piers for foundation repair, concrete waterproofing, mudjacking, microdoweling, and carbon fiber wrapping. Case studies are presented showing applications of the foundation repair techniques to resolve issues like settlement, heaving, and added capacity needs.
This webinar discusses smart glasses and their applications for scientists. It features three panelists with expertise in smart glasses and augmented reality technologies. The panelists are Lance Anderson from Vuzix, Angelo Stracquatanio from Apprentice Field Suite, and Christopher Bouveret from iTiZZiMO AG. The webinar includes presentations from the panelists on their work and a question and answer session for the audience.
Presentation realized by Agnese Ragucci, one of JoinPad's Interaction Designer, on how to design a smart interface for smart glasses (Epson Moverio BT-200). It was realized for the ARTour workshop "Augmented Reality for Smart Glasses" hold by Frontiers of Interaction, JoinPad and Epson in Genova.
This document provides guidelines for using glass in buildings. It discusses various types of glass like annealed glass, laminated glass, tempered glass, heat strengthened glass, reflective glass, insulating glass units, and mirrors. It describes their properties and uses. The guidelines cover selection of appropriate glass type based on factors like heat gain, sound insulation, safety, strength and aesthetics. It also provides tools to determine the minimum required thickness of glass panels based on wind load calculations. Finally, it discusses common glazing systems and provides general guidelines for using glass in buildings.
This document provides an overview of the glass industry in India. It begins with introducing glass, its properties, and its widespread uses. It then discusses the glass industry in India, including its division into cottage and factory industries. Major glass manufacturing companies in India are identified like Asahi India Glass and Borosil Glass Works. Details are given about the products and industries of these two companies, including automotive glass, architectural glass, scientific glassware, and solar glass. References are provided at the end.
Architecture Portfolio Ahmed Quwaider 004.pdfAhmedQuwaider
1) The document appears to be a portfolio for Ahmed Quwaider, a junior architect, showcasing various residential, commercial, and academic projects he has worked on.
2) One highlighted project is a 1600 square meter residential renovation project in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia that involved renovating facades, landscaping, and interior design to harmonize the needs of a large family within structural and budget constraints.
3) Another project discussed is a 10,350 square meter commercial "Strip Mall" development in Riyadh that incorporated local architectural styles and prioritized pedestrians, green space, and sustainability. Renderings and shop drawings were provided.
The document summarizes an architectural project to design a home within a small 2.5 cent plot of land in Trivandrum, India. The architects Abul Quassim and N. Radhakrishnan worked under strict budget constraints of 30 lakhs (3 million rupees) and utilized innovative design techniques to maximize the usage of the small space. They removed unnecessary walls and circulation areas, used diagonal lines to create an impression of more space, and implemented sustainable design elements like a glass pergola with double panes and ventilation. The efficient design proved that thoughtful design can create an efficient and beautiful home even within tight budget and space limitations.
Manufacturing, Supplying and Exporting quality approved Variety of Glasses such as Ultra Clear Float Glass, Tinted Float Glass, Rider Glass, Shower Cubicle Glass, Low - E Insulated Glass, Bend Glass, Float Glass, Double Glazed Unit, Toughened Glass, Reflective Glass, Insulated Glass, Glass Bricks. The glasses offered by us are highly used and preferred by the clients for their easy to clean and long lasting features.
This document discusses smart development through smart solutions and investment in various technologies. It focuses on glass as a building material, outlining both disadvantages like high costs and fire risks, and advantages like sustainability. It promotes glass as a smart investment when the right high-performance glass is selected using scientific and technical criteria. The document also provides an overview of an glass company that offers integrated solutions across the glass value chain to enable smart and energy efficient buildings.
Introduction
Difference
Solar panel and solar glass
Image
Data center in Mumbai
Meaning of solar glass
Benefits
Solor glass buildings
Solar glass in India
Future of solar glass
Future belongs to smart world
The document discusses innovations in windows, roofs, and facades that are redefining architecture. It profiles several architectural firms and projects from around the world that are experimenting with new materials and designs for envelopes. Specifically, it highlights the Harbin Opera House designed by MAD Architects, which features an undulating white aluminum facade that blends with the snowy landscape, and the Naman Retreat Resort by Vo Trong Nghia Architects, whose hotel building is clad in a concrete and greenery facade designed to reduce sunlight and induce wind flow. The article examines how technologies like double glazing, photovoltaics, terracotta, zinc and weathering steel are being used innovatively in
This document summarizes View Dynamic Glass, an intelligent window system that tints in response to outdoor conditions. It maximizes natural light and views while reducing heat and glare compared to traditional glass. The glass tints automatically using an intelligence engine to respond to the environment and user preferences for greater comfort and energy efficiency. Buildings using View Dynamic Glass can save up to 20% on energy costs through reduced cooling and lighting needs.
The best option for energy efficient buildings is reflective glass. It has several advantages like it is eco-friendly in nature, it controls the amount of heat and many more.
Aesthetics and Functionality through GlassDr K M SONI
Glass provides both aesthetic and functional benefits in buildings. It allows transparency which is a basic requirement for structures. While glass provides stunning visual effects when used for lighting, cladding, or facades, care must be taken to ensure it meets safety and functionality needs. Glass is compatible with many other materials but structural glazing requires adequate openings and connections to withstand fires and disasters. Appropriate types of glass should be selected, designed, and tested for each application to safely provide both beauty and function in buildings.
This document discusses low-cost interior design alternatives that can be used to reduce costs while maintaining aesthetic appeal. It examines replacing modern interior elements with structural components or elements from vernacular architecture, which are inspired by local heritage. Examples mentioned include using salvaged wood for tabletops, repurposing old paint cans as letter boxes, and welding recycled steel bars into railings. The document also provides two case studies of interior design projects in India that utilized such low-cost alternatives, including salvaged materials, while achieving high ratings for factors like daylighting and ventilation.
Glass is an amorphous, hard, brittle material that is commonly used in construction as a building material. It has no definite melting point and softens over a temperature range. Glass is used widely in modern architecture as a curtain wall material in high-rise buildings. There are various types of glass and glazing systems used in construction for facades, windows, doors, and structural elements. Glass cladding is a popular exterior skin for buildings that can provide insulation and decoration. Using glass can help make buildings more sustainable and energy efficient.
The Shanghai Tower has an ambitious design as the world's tallest double skin building. Its design aims to minimize energy usage through a "thermos bottle" approach of an inner and outer skin that can be opened or closed like a sweater. The double skin design allows for public amenity floors with atriums every 15-20 floors, making the tower accessible to both public and private users. The design and construction of the tower's two skins, especially the inner skin, presented complex technical challenges due to the tower's extreme height. Lessons learned included preparing for unexpected issues and being flexible to fabricator input to optimize aesthetics and return on investment.
Glass plays an important role in the concept of sustainable construction or green building. This combines versatile properties such as transparency, acoustic control, and natural day lighting. It is also a recyclable material that can result in unlimited innovative applications for construction and building purposes.
The material is commonly used in buildings, in exterior and interior applications. The material helps improve energy efficiency, reduces energy CO2 emissions, and offers advanced functionality such as fire protection and self-cleaning properties.
Glass bricks – meaning, usage and advantagesAlisha Roy
Glass bricks also known as glass blocks are hollow solid translucent architectural items manufactured from glass. Glass blocks are widely used by people in their homes and offices as they look good and are cost effective. To know more about glass bricks see here: http://dir.indiamart.com/impcat/glass-block.html
Fiberglass Wool Ceiling Tiles Production Business. Great Ideas and Opportunit...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Fiberglass Wool Ceiling Tiles Production Business. Great Ideas and Opportunities for Entrepreneurs.
Fiberglass Ceiling Tiles have a non-woven fiberglass or glass wool mesh core that is fully encapsulated with either a square or triangular edge. Silica sand is used to make Fiberglass or glass wool, which is a recyclable and environmentally friendly green material. This is also one of the finest insulation materials on the market, both in terms of thermal and acoustic insulation. Even when in close and prolonged contact with fire, it is a non-combustible material. It does not produce poisonous gases or smoke, which are two of the most harmful health and life hazards in the event of a burn.
For More Details: https://www.entrepreneurindia.co/project-and-profile-details/Investment%20Opportunities%20in%20Fiberglass%20Wool%20Ceiling%20Tiles
Contact us
Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
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Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886
Mobile: +91-9097075054, 8800733955
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
Heritage conservation aims to preserve structures, artifacts, and sites that are historically, culturally, or architecturally significant. The document discusses several key points about heritage conservation in India:
1. Heritage structures are classified into different grades based on their historic significance - from World Heritage Sites and national monuments protected by the Archaeological Survey of India, to state and locally protected sites.
2. Conservation aims to retain a structure's cultural significance through preservation, restoration, reconstruction, or adaptation while using original materials where possible.
3. Stakeholders like owners, governments, and the public must respect heritage and ensure its proper maintenance, repair, documentation, interpretation and management according to conservation policy.
The document discusses several key aspects of successful project management. It states that the primary goal is completing all project objectives within the defined scope, time, quality and budget constraints. It emphasizes that communication and coordination between the project manager, consultants, owner and contractor are vital. For a project to be successful, all stakeholders must work as a team to fulfill the owner's requirements on schedule and within budget while achieving the required quality standards.
The document discusses various qualities of good leadership such as communication, integrity, accountability, empathy, humility, resilience, vision, influence, positivity, and delegation. It notes that leadership comes in many styles like autocratic, authoritative, pacesetting, democratic, coaching, affiliative, and laissez-faire. The document emphasizes that everyone has leadership potential and can demonstrate leadership in different environments or circumstances. Some leaders are "sleeping cell leaders" that do not often show their skills but can excel greatly when given an opportunity. Luck and destiny also play factors in how leaders emerge and succeed. The overall message is that the reader themselves could possess leadership qualities and should strive to develop and demonstrate their abilities.
The document discusses various aspects of contract and contract management for construction works. It covers topics such as types of contracts, tender documents, pre-bid meetings, evaluation of technical and financial bids, award of work, commencement of work, coordination issues, and determination/rescission of contracts. The key points are that contract management requires fulfilling obligations by both parties, coordination is essential for success, and timely decisions need to be taken if work is unsatisfactory or delayed.
The document discusses key concepts related to contracts such as proposals, promises, consideration, agreement, void agreements, voidable contracts, communication of offers and acceptances, mistakes, and competency to contract. It provides examples to illustrate concepts like a proposal becoming a promise upon acceptance, bilateral vs unilateral mistakes, qualified vs unqualified acceptances, and the relationship between promisor and promisee in a contract.
The document discusses price variation in works contracts. Price variation accounts for increases or decreases in item costs between the tender submission date and work completion date. Only major cost components like labor, steel, cement, and fuel are considered for price variation calculations. Formulas use price indices on the last tender date and work date to calculate cost variations on components. It is important to ensure like materials from the same manufacturers and locations are used in price variation analyses. Price variation may be paid quarterly and is designed to avoid cost uncertainties for contractors during long contracts over 6 months.
This document discusses variations and deviations that may occur during contract execution. It defines variations as changes to the scope of work, while deviations refer specifically to changes in quantities, items, or conditions from what is specified in the bill of quantities. The reasons for variations and deviations include errors in estimating, design changes, unavailable materials, and client/contractor revisions. Extra items not included in the original bill are also addressed. The document outlines how rates for quantity deviations, extra items, and substituted items are typically determined in the contract or through other agreed methods. Implications like time and cost overruns and potential disputes are also noted.
The document discusses various contract conditions related to determination, foreclosure, and risk and cost. It defines determination as ending a contractor's employment due to breach of contract and foreclosure as abandoning or reducing the scope of work. Grounds for determination include poor progress, defects, and corruption. If a contract is determined, performance guarantees are forfeited and the employer can complete the remaining work at the contractor's risk and cost. Foreclosure requires contractor compensation for work and materials. Early determination is preferable to avoid delays and cost overruns.
This document discusses the use of anchoring techniques in civil engineering works such as construction, maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, and seismic retrofitting. It describes how anchoring can be used to join new components to existing structures without damaging the existing material. Two main types of anchors are discussed: mechanical anchors which work via friction and keying, and chemical anchors which work via bonding. Examples are given of applications of anchoring in areas like fixing grills, canopies, adding reinforcement, and attaching various fixtures and equipment. Guidance is provided on selecting the appropriate anchor type based on the loading requirements and substrate material.
- Advance payments are made to contractors before work is completed to help cover startup costs. They include mobilization advances for materials, plants, and machinery.
- Risks are involved, so measures like guarantees are taken. Advances must be used for the work and recovered early.
- Mobilization advances may be given in installments before work starts against guarantees. Plant advances require verification and hypothecation to the employer.
- Secured advances are given for materials brought on site. Interim bills are considered advances against work done to be adjusted from later bills.
Earnest money is a monetary deposit paid by bidders to show their sincerity and good faith in a project. It aims to prevent bidders from withdrawing their bids before the validity period ends. Standard earnest money amounts are 2% of the estimated project cost for works costing up to Rs. 10 crores, and 1% of estimated cost plus Rs. 20 lakhs for higher value projects. Earnest money is refunded once the contract is awarded, or forfeited if the bidder withdraws during the validity period. The document discusses earnest money definitions, forms, amounts, refund processes, and treatments under different scenarios.
Demolition is the tearing down of structures, while deconstruction is the selective dismantling of building components for reuse and recycling. Demolition is quick but less environmentally friendly than deconstruction, which saves embodied energy in materials and water used in manufacturing. There are several methods of demolition like manual, implosion using small explosives, excavators, wrecking balls, and selective demolition. Implosion is preferred for tall buildings to collapse the structure inward in a controlled manner. Deconstruction involves carefully removing reusable materials like doors, windows, and structural elements like beams for future use, providing an environmentally friendly alternative to wasteful demolition.
Geosynthetics are polymeric materials used with soil to modify its engineering properties. There are several types of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes, and geocomposites. Geotextiles include non-woven, woven, and knitted fabrics which are made of polymers like polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyester. Geogrids are formed by joining intersecting polymer ribs to create a grid-like structure with large openings. Geomembranes are thin, impermeable polymer sheets used to control fluid movement. Geosynthetics function by providing separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, barriers, protection, and stiffening to soils
The document summarizes India's first net zero energy building called the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan located in New Delhi. It generates as much renewable energy from solar panels as it consumes annually. Specifically, it has an annual energy demand of 1.4 million kWh but generates 1.4 million kWh from rooftop and courtyard solar panels made of mono-crystalline panels. Through various energy efficiency measures like insulation, efficient HVAC systems, regenerative lifts, and geothermal heating/cooling, the building reduces its energy consumption by 13% compared to a conventional building. It achieves net zero status while also gaining platinum certification under India's green building rating system.
Construction and demolition (C&D) waste includes debris from construction, repair, renovation and demolition activities. It comprises materials like soil, sand, gravel, brick, concrete and metals. India generates large quantities of C&D waste annually, with demolition activities contributing the most at 48%. Proper management of C&D waste includes preventing waste generation during construction, segregating waste for reuse and recycling. Recycling can produce materials like recycled aggregates, sand and manufactured blocks that can replace use of raw materials in construction. While recycling is growing, more plants are needed nationwide and research on quality must ensure recycled materials can adequately replace raw ones in buildings and infrastructure. Government policies and incentives aim to boost the recycling and reuse of
The document discusses different types of contracts used in construction projects, with a focus on EPC and turnkey contracts. It defines EPC as engineering, procurement, and construction, where the contractor is responsible for these activities. Turnkey contracts are similar to EPC but encompass all work required by the client. EPC contracts can be for a full project or parts of a project. Key differences between EPC and other contract types like item rate and percentage rate contracts are discussed. Important considerations and clauses for EPC contracts like securities, timelines, determinants of contract, secured advances, and escalation clauses are also outlined.
The document discusses the key concepts of proposals, promises, and contracts. It defines a proposal as an offer to do or abstain from doing something with the goal of obtaining assent. A proposal becomes a promise when it is accepted. For a contract to be formed, there must be an offer, acceptance of the offer, and consideration. The parties making and accepting the proposal are called the promisor and promisee respectively. For a contract to be enforceable, it requires free consent, lawful consideration and lawful object. Mistakes, defects in consent can make a contract void or voidable.
EPS geofoam blocks are made of expanded polystyrene foam and come in various densities classified by names like EPS12 or EPS46. They have good insulation properties and varying levels of compressive resistance and flexural strength. EPS geofoam blocks can be used in stairs, seating areas, and other structures where their low density provides benefits. They are easy to cut and repair, and can have wire mesh and concrete applied to secure them in position when used for steps or seating.
The document discusses Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) contracts. It defines EPC as a contract that includes engineering, procurement, and construction activities. It notes that an EPC contract can be for a full project scope, making it equivalent to a turnkey contract, or only part of a project scope. The document examines what types of work can be included in an EPC contract and provides several case studies analyzing whether hypothetical contract scenarios would qualify as EPC contracts. It also reviews common clauses that should be included in EPC contracts such as related to securities, time/delay, determination of contract, and arbitration.
Maintenance Aspects and Services in Architectural PlanningDr K M SONI
Services are very important for comforts of occupants/users and for maintenance engineers to maintain the assets. Any building even if constructed with quality and green norms can't provide comforts if services are badly planned.
A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...DharmaBanothu
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
This study Examines the Effectiveness of Talent Procurement through the Imple...DharmaBanothu
In the world with high technology and fast
forward mindset recruiters are walking/showing interest
towards E-Recruitment. Present most of the HRs of
many companies are choosing E-Recruitment as the best
choice for recruitment. E-Recruitment is being done
through many online platforms like Linkedin, Naukri,
Instagram , Facebook etc. Now with high technology E-
Recruitment has gone through next level by using
Artificial Intelligence too.
Key Words : Talent Management, Talent Acquisition , E-
Recruitment , Artificial Intelligence Introduction
Effectiveness of Talent Acquisition through E-
Recruitment in this topic we will discuss about 4important
and interlinked topics which are
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
Blood finder application project report (1).pdfKamal Acharya
Blood Finder is an emergency time app where a user can search for the blood banks as
well as the registered blood donors around Mumbai. This application also provide an
opportunity for the user of this application to become a registered donor for this user have
to enroll for the donor request from the application itself. If the admin wish to make user
a registered donor, with some of the formalities with the organization it can be done.
Specialization of this application is that the user will not have to register on sign-in for
searching the blood banks and blood donors it can be just done by installing the
application to the mobile.
The purpose of making this application is to save the user’s time for searching blood of
needed blood group during the time of the emergency.
This is an android application developed in Java and XML with the connectivity of
SQLite database. This application will provide most of basic functionality required for an
emergency time application. All the details of Blood banks and Blood donors are stored
in the database i.e. SQLite.
This application allowed the user to get all the information regarding blood banks and
blood donors such as Name, Number, Address, Blood Group, rather than searching it on
the different websites and wasting the precious time. This application is effective and
user friendly.
Levelised Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) Calculator ManualMassimo Talia
The aim of this manual is to explain the
methodology behind the Levelized Cost of
Hydrogen (LCOH) calculator. Moreover, this
manual also demonstrates how the calculator
can be used for estimating the expenses associated with hydrogen production in Europe
using low-temperature electrolysis considering different sources of electricity
Impartiality as per ISO /IEC 17025:2017 StandardMuhammadJazib15
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Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
5G Radio Network Througput Problem Analysis HCIA.pdf
Use of Glass in Buildings
1. GLASS AS SMART
BUILDING MATERIAL-
CPWD SCENARIO
Usha Batra, Addl DG, CPWD, Mumbai
Dr K M Soni, Chief Engineer, CPWD,
Mumbai
2. Smart Building
• A smart building controls the building’s
operations including heating, ventilation, air
conditioning, lighting, security and other
systems.
• Smart building reduces energy use, optimizes
space usage and minimizes the
environmental impact.
2
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
3. Objectives of Smart Building
• Better efficiency
• Higher productivity
• Enhanced quality of life
3
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
4. 4
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
5. 5
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
6. What glass can do for
buildings?
• From the photographs, it is imperative that
glass is the main element of “Smart”
buildings. Thus glass can help in making
buildings
• smart.
• green
• energy efficient
6
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
7. Commonalities
Green Building Smart Building
Integrated design
Individual comfort control
Indoor environmental quality
Productive workplace
Flexibility
Energy efficiency
Automatic climate response
Advanced controls
Eco-friendly materials
Advanced security and
communications
systems
Advanced structural
system
Water efficiency
Ecological site
planning
Transportation
efficiency
7
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
9. Dull and blind
9
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
Glass is important for
light and ventilation
10. Glass –smart and sustainable
material
• Glass being a completely recyclable and
sustainable material, helps achieve great
design in eco-friendly way.
• A varied range of high-performance and
energy-efficient glasses, that reflect or
absorb heat while allowing light inside a
building, enable higher standards of living,
green architecture and maximising daylight.
• Enable use of glass facades where glass is a
structural component of the building thereby.
10
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
11. SEBI Building, BKC Mumbai
11
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
12. 12
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
13. Regional Passport Office Building, Mumbai
13"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
14. 14
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
16. Glass creates
stylish ambience.
• Available in a stupendous
variety of styles, colours,
designs and textures.
• Whether it is used for
façades, doors and
windows, or in interiors,
glass is the perfect
material for creating a
stunning effect and stylish
ambience. 16
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
17. Stunning effect of glass and stylish
ambience through use of glass
17
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
18. Stylish ambience created by green view
through glass
and reflection of other buildings in glass facade
18
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
19. Stunning effect of glass…fascinating,
inviting, as if green brought indoor
19
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
20. Fascinating effect of glass,
complete connection of indoor to outdoor
20
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
21. Stunning effect of glass…….light, ventilation, and view
makes the building attractive and lively 21
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
22. Luxurious effect of glass Door……inviting
pleasing, and connecting indoor with outdoor22
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
23. Glass windows .. well lit, persuasive and lively
23
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
24. Stunning Effect of single glass window……
Pleasing, bringing light & liveliness to long corridor24
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
25. Effect of glass windows….
well ventilated , persuasive and lively 25
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
26. GLASS CONNECTS INDOOR
TO OUTDOOR
26
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
27. Glass connecting indoor to outdoor
27
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
28. 28
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
Glass connecting indoor to outdoor
29. 29
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
Stunning outdoor brought insight
30. Glass connecting indoor to outdoor
View controlled manually..
can be done electronically as well
30
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
31. GLASS COMPATIBLE TO
ALMOST EVERY BUIILDING
MATERIAL
31
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
32. Compatibility of glass to GFRC 32
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
33. 33
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
Compatibility of glass to stone and ACP
34. Compatibility of glass to brick and RCC structure34
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
35. Compatibility of glass to RCC/aluminium
35
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
36. Compatibility of glass to sandstone
36
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
37. Glass enhances the beauty
of the building during
daytime as well as during
night
37
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
38. Glass makes the interior visible during night of
enhancing beauty Of the building.
38
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
39. Glass makes the interior visible during night
enhancing aesthetics… stunning effect 39
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
40. 40
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
Wow effect of the glass at night
Dining hall, NISM, Mumbai
41. Canara Bank, Mumbai
41
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
Glass: look the effect
42. Glass reduces the dead load
of
the structures
42
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
43. 43
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M SoniRTI, CAG, Mumbai CBI office building, Mumbai
44. 44
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
IDBI Bank, Mumbai
45. One material, many uses
• Applications and uses of
glass are as breathtaking as
its effects. From entire
façades to doors and
windows, floors to walkways,
staircases to domes,
canopies to skylights,
partitions to enclosures,
shelves to table tops and
counter-tops.
45
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
46. Myths or Facts about glass ?
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• Energy losses through
windows and doors
account for approximately
50% of the total energy
consumption in buildings
• Can be controlled through
better designs
use of solar reflective / low
e-glass/single/ DGU /TGU
as the case may be
SAFETY
If glass is brittle, is it safe from
Fire, Earthquakes and Blast
YES; IF ONE CHOOSES
APPROPRIATE TYPE OF GLASS
NO; IF ONE DOES NOT SELECT
RIGHT TYPE OF GLASS AND
DOES NOT USE IT
APPROPRIATELY
46
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
47. FIRE RATED DOOR FOR FIRE SAFETY 47
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
48. Fire resistant glass
• Glass can actually substitute a brick wall in
terms of fire-rating property while
maintaining transparency.
• Wired Glass
• Borosilicate Glass
• Toughened Glass with flame retardant
coating
• Toughened Glass with Intumescent gel
• Laminated Glass with Intumescent layers.
48
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
49. Energy Efficient Glass
• In hot climates, advanced
solar control glass allows the
sun’s light into buildings,
while blocking much of its
heat to reduce load on
HVAC. In cold climates, low-e
glass reduces heat loss.
• CO2 reduction targets have
led to increased use of
energy-efficient glass .
49
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
50. Use of solar reflective / energy efficient glass in
green buildings 50
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
51. Net Zero building: Indira Paryavaran
Bhawan using energy efficient glass
and solar PV rooftop
51
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
52. Solar PV Rooftop on existing buildings 52
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
53. Glass can even be used for
special requirements / special
effects
• Waste glass powder can be used as partial
replacement of cement for sustainable concrete
practice
• In manufacturing other building materials like
fibre glass used in cladding, flooring,
roofing etc ; glass mosaic tiles and
so on..
53
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
54. As Glass wool for acoustics in auditoriums
54
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
55. Special Effect of
glass globe
55
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
56. Use of fibre reinforced glass blocks in cladding
56
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
57. 57
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
58. "what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
58
Fibre glass blocks in T2 airport Mumbai
75. LIVELIER INTERIORS
CONNECTING SPACES
AND OUTSIDE
• For confined spaces,
glass is the preferred
solution. It makes
interiors look larger
and livelier by
reflecting light,
illuminating surfaces,
connecting spaces
and connecting inside
to the outside.
75
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
76. Glass for Customised Value
Additions
• Glass is also the right solution for customised
requirements to cater for special artistic effects,
acoustic, aesthetic, privacy, safety and security
connecting interior to exterior that provides a
person peace of mind and happiness.
76
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
77. Glass floor
• Glass flooring looks decorative and
sophisticated. Glass flooring is easy to clean,
aesthetically pleasing , resistant to moisture
and various kinds of other infestations.
77
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
78. Light passing through glass
floor
• Glass allows light to pass through
the floor, creating a very airy and
luxurious look and a seamless
transition between rooms.
• Glass can be used to ‘see –
through’ from one floor to
another to add visual appeal, an
artistic touch and dispersed light
with variety of colours.
• Tempered laminated glass, Heat
Strengthened laminated glass
and Tempered glass laminated
with PVB are preferred choice of
glass, for its durability and
resistance to breakage.
78
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
80. Reduction in sound
transmission
• Laminated glass with a poly-vinly-butryl (PVB)
interlayer dampens the sound and reduces
sound transmission thereby increasing efficiency
in addition to safety and security.
80
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
81. Self cleaning glass - minimizing
environmental impact
• Keep the glass surface free
from dirt, the world’s first
advanced dual-action self-
cleaning glass ensures less
manual cleaning, reducing
the need for toxic chemicals
and hazardous cleaning
products, cutting water
wastage & reducing
maintenance costs and
health and safety risks. 81
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
82. Intelligent and smart Glass
• Smart glass consists of glass treated with an
electrochromic metal oxide coating, one fiftieth the
thickness of a human hair. The glass transforms from
transparent to four levels of tint by passing a low
voltage through intelligent controls into the panels.
• Buildings can automatically react to their
environment - if it's sunny and hot, the glass
automatically tints, eliminating heat and glare, saving
energy, and making occupants more comfortable. The
views to the outside are preserved - instead of
blocking views with shades and/or blinds, the glass
transitions automatically to allow the best view while
eliminating heat and glare.
82
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
83. Thus
• Glass is the one material with which you can
see more, do more and use more. But
remember to choose right type of Glass.
• Please remember Glass can fulfil all your
customised requirements thus future is for
customised or tailor made glass
• Glass can be used for almost every part of
the building, from facades to doors and
windows, from floors, walkways and
staircases to domes, canopies and skylights,
from partitions and enclosures to shelves,
table tops to murals, sculptures, art and
decoration etc.
• So, glass is really a smart material
83
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni
84. Some presentation material/photos are taken from various websites.
Same is gratefully acknowledged.
84
"what glass can do for you", Greater Noida
- Usha Batra & Dr K M Soni