Types of Stairs
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Stairs
The document discusses different types of staircases and important considerations for staircase design and construction. It covers the evolution of staircases and why they are needed, as well as principles for planning and designing stairs, including width, pitch, handrails, and recommended tread and rise proportions. The document also examines different stair materials, lighting requirements, and styles of stairs including modern, classic, curved, and traditional designs.
BS 2 Escalators arrangement
Escalators can be arranged in several configurations to efficiently transport passengers between floors. A single escalator arrangement is inexpensive but allows travel in only one direction, while parallel escalators maximize passenger flow and comfort by allowing two-way travel. Multi-level arrangements like scissor and criss-cross configurations provide continuous bidirectional traffic and are most suitable for high-traffic buildings. The optimal escalator configuration depends on factors like passenger volume, traffic patterns, and space restrictions.
Stairs
This document discusses various aspects of stair design and construction. It defines key stair terminology and describes different stair types including straight flights, quarter turn, half turn, open well, circular and geometric stairs. It also covers common materials used like brick, stone, metal, reinforced concrete and timber. Modern stair designs are mentioned along with uses of stairs and fire escape requirements.
Types of Stairs & Staircase in Building Construction
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This document provides information about vertical transportation in buildings, focusing on stairs and elevators. It defines stairs and their key components such as treads, risers, and handrails. It describes different types of stairs including straight, dog-legged, and spiral. Design considerations for stairs like width, headroom, and dimensional standards are covered. Common materials for stair construction like timber, stone, concrete, and their properties are discussed. Elevator components like the machine room, hoistway, cabs, and controllers are defined. The main types of elevator systems - traction and hydraulic - are outlined.
STAIRCASES.pptx
Stairs provide access between floors and are a means for fire to spread. The key components of stairs are treads, risers, going, nosing, and handrails. Good staircases are wide enough for comfortable use, have 3-12 steps, and adequate lighting and ventilation. Stair dimensions follow thumb rules regarding the relationship between rise, going, and their product. Common staircases include straight, quarter turn, dog-legged, open well, geometrical, bifurcated, and spiral configurations. Stairs can be constructed from materials like metal, concrete, stone, glass, and timber.
Stairs and its types
This document provides information about stairs, including definitions of key stair parts and types of stairs. It defines a stair as a set of steps leading from one level to another inside a building. The main parts of a stair are identified as the step, tread, riser, handrail, baluster, newel post, run, and nosing. Six common types of stairs are described: straight stairs, doglegged stairs, quarter turn stairs, open newel stairs, three quarter turn stairs, and bifurcated stairs. Spiral or circular stairs are also introduced as a type that is useful when space is limited.
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Stairs
The document discusses different types of staircases and important considerations for staircase design and construction. It covers the evolution of staircases and why they are needed, as well as principles for planning and designing stairs, including width, pitch, handrails, and recommended tread and rise proportions. The document also examines different stair materials, lighting requirements, and styles of stairs including modern, classic, curved, and traditional designs.
BS 2 Escalators arrangement
Escalators can be arranged in several configurations to efficiently transport passengers between floors. A single escalator arrangement is inexpensive but allows travel in only one direction, while parallel escalators maximize passenger flow and comfort by allowing two-way travel. Multi-level arrangements like scissor and criss-cross configurations provide continuous bidirectional traffic and are most suitable for high-traffic buildings. The optimal escalator configuration depends on factors like passenger volume, traffic patterns, and space restrictions.
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This document discusses various aspects of stair design and construction. It defines key stair terminology and describes different stair types including straight flights, quarter turn, half turn, open well, circular and geometric stairs. It also covers common materials used like brick, stone, metal, reinforced concrete and timber. Modern stair designs are mentioned along with uses of stairs and fire escape requirements.
Types of Stairs & Staircase in Building Construction
Staircase types & design or geometry of staircase is useful for civil engineering students in 2nd year of building construction subject. with will guide to students for understand requirements of good stairs, design dimensions,types of staircase etc.
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This document provides information about vertical transportation in buildings, focusing on stairs and elevators. It defines stairs and their key components such as treads, risers, and handrails. It describes different types of stairs including straight, dog-legged, and spiral. Design considerations for stairs like width, headroom, and dimensional standards are covered. Common materials for stair construction like timber, stone, concrete, and their properties are discussed. Elevator components like the machine room, hoistway, cabs, and controllers are defined. The main types of elevator systems - traction and hydraulic - are outlined.
STAIRCASES.pptx
Stairs provide access between floors and are a means for fire to spread. The key components of stairs are treads, risers, going, nosing, and handrails. Good staircases are wide enough for comfortable use, have 3-12 steps, and adequate lighting and ventilation. Stair dimensions follow thumb rules regarding the relationship between rise, going, and their product. Common staircases include straight, quarter turn, dog-legged, open well, geometrical, bifurcated, and spiral configurations. Stairs can be constructed from materials like metal, concrete, stone, glass, and timber.
Stairs and its types
This document provides information about stairs, including definitions of key stair parts and types of stairs. It defines a stair as a set of steps leading from one level to another inside a building. The main parts of a stair are identified as the step, tread, riser, handrail, baluster, newel post, run, and nosing. Six common types of stairs are described: straight stairs, doglegged stairs, quarter turn stairs, open newel stairs, three quarter turn stairs, and bifurcated stairs. Spiral or circular stairs are also introduced as a type that is useful when space is limited.
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Staircase is a very important interior element which needs meticulous planning and treatment .It is also a visual treat if aesthetics are considered as well.
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The document discusses different types of staircases used in buildings. It describes straight stairs as the simplest form, consisting of steps leading in one direction across one or more flights. Quarter turn stairs make a 90 degree turn, saving space. Half turn stairs rise to a mid-level landing, turn 180 degrees, and continue parallel to the lower flight, allowing construction within a confined stairwell. The document provides technical details on staircase components like steps, risers, landings, and classifications to facilitate vertical movement between floors in an efficient and safe manner.
Staircase
The document discusses different types of staircases and their components. It provides definitions for technical terms related to staircases like tread, riser, landing, flight, etc. It also outlines requirements for a good staircase such as location, width, pitch, headroom and balustrade requirements. Different types of staircases are classified as straight, turning, continuous and spiral. Dimensions of steps and materials used for staircase construction like timber, metal, RCC and stone are also covered.
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1. The document discusses the history and components of lift systems used in buildings. It describes the development of safety elevators in the 1800s and categories of lifts based on their functions.
2. The key components of lift systems are identified as the lift car, shaft, doors, controls, and safety devices. Selection factors for lifts include capacity, speed, type of building, and user requirements.
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The document discusses different types and components of staircases. It begins by defining what a staircase is and its functional requirements such as circulation, strength, safety, and ventilation. It then goes on to describe the various components of a staircase including treads, risers, stringers, handrails, and newel posts. The document discusses different types of staircases based on their shape, including straight, quarter turn, u-shaped, continuous and winder stairs. It also covers types based on material used like wooden, glass, metal, stone and concrete stairs. Design parameters for staircase planning such as headroom clearance, flight length, construction material and dimension of steps are outlined. Standards for riser height and tread depth are
R.C.C. STAIRS
Reinforced concrete is well-suited for constructing stairs due to its fire resistance, durability, strength, and pleasing appearance. R.C.C. stairs can be designed in various forms including straight flights, inclined slabs with half landings, string beams, cranked slabs, cantilevers, and spirals. The type of stair adopted depends on the space and loading conditions. Common stair arrangements include single straight flights, inclined slabs spanning longitudinally, string beams with horizontal slab spanning, cranked slabs inducing bending and torsion stresses, cantilever stairs with central supporting walls, and spiral or helical stairs used in prestige buildings.
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The document defines and describes various technical terms related to stairs, including types of steps, components of stairs, and classifications of stairs. It provides definitions for 21 technical terms such as baluster, handrail, newel post, soffit, tread, and rise. It also describes 5 common types of steps - bull nose, round ended, filer, commode, and winder. Stairs are classified as straight, turning, and geometrical. Turning stairs include quarter turn, half turn (dog-legged and open well), and three quarter turn stairs. Geometrical stairs include circular, spiral, and helical stairs.
Stairs
Stairs are designed to provide access between different levels of a building. The document defines stairs and their key components like treads, risers, landings, etc. It discusses different types of stairs like straight, turning, circular and geometrical. The materials used for stairs construction are also explained, including stone, timber, RCC, brick and metal stairs. Technical terms related to stairs are defined. In the end, common stair types are identified from images.
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Stairs provide access between floors in buildings and must be designed to carry certain loads. There are various types of stairs including straight run stairs, quarter turn stairs, and spiral stairs, which can be constructed from materials like timber, brick, stone, steel, and reinforced concrete. Key aspects of stair design include the tread, riser, going, flight, and landing. Stairs must also be designed and enclosed appropriately to prevent the spread of fire between floors. Calculation of stair dimensions involves determining the total rise, suitable riser height, and best going based on building code requirements.
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This document provides information about different types of stairs. It defines key stair components like steps, treads, and risers. It then describes 8 common types of stairs including straight stairs, dog-legged stairs, quarter turn stairs, and spiral stairs. Each type is defined and the suitable applications are outlined. The document aims to inform about the different shapes, materials, and styles of stairs that can be used in buildings.
Floors
Floors divide buildings horizontally and must support loads while providing durability, fire resistance, and appropriate finishes. Common floor materials include concrete, timber, and steel. Solid concrete slabs or precast planks are often used for ground floors while upper floors employ beams, slabs, hollow pots, or precast systems. Proper flooring allows a building to withstand loads, prevent damp and fire spread, insulate occupants, and provide comfortable, usable surfaces throughout.
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This document discusses different types of timber flooring, including:
1. Single joist timber floors which use a single beam and strutting for spans below 3 meters.
2. Double joist timber floors which use binders and bridging joists for spans between 1.8-2.4 meters.
3. Framed or triple joist timber floors which use girders, binders, and bridging joists for spans over 7.5 meters.
Precautions for timber flooring include using a cement course below the floor, installing DPC on exterior walls and sleeper walls, and using well-seasoned timber. Floor boards are typically 100-200mm wide
Escalators
Escalators are moving staircases that transport people between floors. They were invented in the late 19th century and have since been widely adopted. Escalators come in different configurations like parallel or crisscross and can include multiple escalators. They consist of key components like steps, handrails, tracks, and landing platforms. Escalators are designed within standard dimensions and inclines to efficiently move large volumes of people while prioritizing safety.
Damp proofing
This document discusses causes, effects, and methods of preventing dampness in buildings. It outlines several precautions that should be taken such as proper site drainage and wall thickness. Common causes of dampness include rising moisture, rain penetration, and poor drainage. Effects include breeding mosquitoes and damage to building materials. Methods of damp proofing discussed are damp proof courses, waterproof surface treatments, integral treatments during construction, cavity walls, and cement grouting of cracks. Specific materials used for damp proof courses like bitumen and mastic asphalt are also outlined.
Stair Construction
1) Stair design and construction must follow safety standards to prevent falls. Standards specify dimensions for rises, goings, angles, and other geometric factors.
2) Proper stair dimensions include a rise between 150-215mm and a going between 215-305mm. Stair angles should be between 26.5 and 45 degrees.
3) Various stair types include straight, quarter-turn, spiral, and others. Landings are required between flights to break up long runs of stairs.
Timber roof
This document discusses different types of timber roof structures. It describes lean-to roofs, which consist of rafters sloping on one side and are supported by a single wall. Collared roofs have a horizontal collar beam placed between rafters to prevent their spreading. King post roofs contain a central vertical post to support the tie beam below. Queen post roofs are similar but use two vertical queen posts instead of a single king post. Details and dimensions are provided for each type of roof.
Elevators and escalators
This document provides information about special types of elevators. It begins with a basic introduction to elevators and their functions. It then discusses the history of elevator development. Key developments included early screw drive systems, safety brakes to prevent falls, and the introduction of electric power. The document outlines various elevator designs and components. These include the cab, doors, hoist mechanisms, and control systems. It also discusses different types of elevators for passengers, goods, automobiles, and more. Standards and regulations for elevator design are also reviewed.
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Ch3 stair cont..
Stairs are designed to provide passage between different levels of a building. They consist of steps divided into smaller vertical distances. Stairs should be located for easy access and be well-lit and ventilated. There are various technical terms used in stair construction like baluster, handrail, newel post, soffit, and tread. Stairs can be straight, turning, circular, or geometrical. Straight stairs run in one direction while turning stairs change direction. Circular stairs have winder steps radiating from the center. Geometrical stairs have non-rectangular shapes with continuous handrails. Proper stair design and construction is important for safety and accessibility.
Vertical communication by stairs
This presentation discusses vertical communication in buildings via stairs. It defines vertical communication as the exchange of people and goods between floors. Staircases are described as a series of steps that connect different floors. The key criteria for good stair design are then outlined, including location, width, length, pitch, headroom, and materials. Various types of stairs are classified, such as straight, turning, quarter turn, half turn, and spiral stairs. Finally, common materials used for stair construction, such as timber, metal, and precast concrete, are discussed.
Staircase and it's Classification in details
The document defines stairs and describes their technical terms. It explains that stairs are a series of steps that bridge vertical distances between floors. Key terms are defined, including tread, riser, rise, going, and nosing. Different types of stairs are also outlined such as straight, half turn, circular, spiral, and bifurcated stairs. Construction materials for stairs include brick, stone, timber, steel, and reinforced concrete. Design principles note stairs should provide access between floors and exits in emergencies.
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The document discusses different types of staircases used in buildings. It describes straight stairs as the simplest form, consisting of steps leading in one direction across one or more flights. Quarter turn stairs make a 90 degree turn, saving space. Half turn stairs rise to a mid-level landing, turn 180 degrees, and continue parallel to the lower flight, allowing construction within a confined stairwell. The document provides technical details on staircase components like steps, risers, landings, and classifications to facilitate vertical movement between floors in an efficient and safe manner.
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The document discusses different types of staircases and their components. It provides definitions for technical terms related to staircases like tread, riser, landing, flight, etc. It also outlines requirements for a good staircase such as location, width, pitch, headroom and balustrade requirements. Different types of staircases are classified as straight, turning, continuous and spiral. Dimensions of steps and materials used for staircase construction like timber, metal, RCC and stone are also covered.
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1. The document discusses the history and components of lift systems used in buildings. It describes the development of safety elevators in the 1800s and categories of lifts based on their functions.
2. The key components of lift systems are identified as the lift car, shaft, doors, controls, and safety devices. Selection factors for lifts include capacity, speed, type of building, and user requirements.
3. Common types of lifts are electric lifts, which use electric motors and cables, and hydraulic lifts, which use hydraulic fluid pressure. Arrangement and
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The document discusses different types and components of staircases. It begins by defining what a staircase is and its functional requirements such as circulation, strength, safety, and ventilation. It then goes on to describe the various components of a staircase including treads, risers, stringers, handrails, and newel posts. The document discusses different types of staircases based on their shape, including straight, quarter turn, u-shaped, continuous and winder stairs. It also covers types based on material used like wooden, glass, metal, stone and concrete stairs. Design parameters for staircase planning such as headroom clearance, flight length, construction material and dimension of steps are outlined. Standards for riser height and tread depth are
R.C.C. STAIRS
Reinforced concrete is well-suited for constructing stairs due to its fire resistance, durability, strength, and pleasing appearance. R.C.C. stairs can be designed in various forms including straight flights, inclined slabs with half landings, string beams, cranked slabs, cantilevers, and spirals. The type of stair adopted depends on the space and loading conditions. Common stair arrangements include single straight flights, inclined slabs spanning longitudinally, string beams with horizontal slab spanning, cranked slabs inducing bending and torsion stresses, cantilever stairs with central supporting walls, and spiral or helical stairs used in prestige buildings.
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The document defines and describes various technical terms related to stairs, including types of steps, components of stairs, and classifications of stairs. It provides definitions for 21 technical terms such as baluster, handrail, newel post, soffit, tread, and rise. It also describes 5 common types of steps - bull nose, round ended, filer, commode, and winder. Stairs are classified as straight, turning, and geometrical. Turning stairs include quarter turn, half turn (dog-legged and open well), and three quarter turn stairs. Geometrical stairs include circular, spiral, and helical stairs.
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Stairs are designed to provide access between different levels of a building. The document defines stairs and their key components like treads, risers, landings, etc. It discusses different types of stairs like straight, turning, circular and geometrical. The materials used for stairs construction are also explained, including stone, timber, RCC, brick and metal stairs. Technical terms related to stairs are defined. In the end, common stair types are identified from images.
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Stairs provide access between floors in buildings and must be designed to carry certain loads. There are various types of stairs including straight run stairs, quarter turn stairs, and spiral stairs, which can be constructed from materials like timber, brick, stone, steel, and reinforced concrete. Key aspects of stair design include the tread, riser, going, flight, and landing. Stairs must also be designed and enclosed appropriately to prevent the spread of fire between floors. Calculation of stair dimensions involves determining the total rise, suitable riser height, and best going based on building code requirements.
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This document provides information about different types of stairs. It defines key stair components like steps, treads, and risers. It then describes 8 common types of stairs including straight stairs, dog-legged stairs, quarter turn stairs, and spiral stairs. Each type is defined and the suitable applications are outlined. The document aims to inform about the different shapes, materials, and styles of stairs that can be used in buildings.
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Floors divide buildings horizontally and must support loads while providing durability, fire resistance, and appropriate finishes. Common floor materials include concrete, timber, and steel. Solid concrete slabs or precast planks are often used for ground floors while upper floors employ beams, slabs, hollow pots, or precast systems. Proper flooring allows a building to withstand loads, prevent damp and fire spread, insulate occupants, and provide comfortable, usable surfaces throughout.
Timber floor
This document discusses different types of timber flooring, including:
1. Single joist timber floors which use a single beam and strutting for spans below 3 meters.
2. Double joist timber floors which use binders and bridging joists for spans between 1.8-2.4 meters.
3. Framed or triple joist timber floors which use girders, binders, and bridging joists for spans over 7.5 meters.
Precautions for timber flooring include using a cement course below the floor, installing DPC on exterior walls and sleeper walls, and using well-seasoned timber. Floor boards are typically 100-200mm wide
Escalators
Escalators are moving staircases that transport people between floors. They were invented in the late 19th century and have since been widely adopted. Escalators come in different configurations like parallel or crisscross and can include multiple escalators. They consist of key components like steps, handrails, tracks, and landing platforms. Escalators are designed within standard dimensions and inclines to efficiently move large volumes of people while prioritizing safety.
Damp proofing
This document discusses causes, effects, and methods of preventing dampness in buildings. It outlines several precautions that should be taken such as proper site drainage and wall thickness. Common causes of dampness include rising moisture, rain penetration, and poor drainage. Effects include breeding mosquitoes and damage to building materials. Methods of damp proofing discussed are damp proof courses, waterproof surface treatments, integral treatments during construction, cavity walls, and cement grouting of cracks. Specific materials used for damp proof courses like bitumen and mastic asphalt are also outlined.
Stair Construction
1) Stair design and construction must follow safety standards to prevent falls. Standards specify dimensions for rises, goings, angles, and other geometric factors.
2) Proper stair dimensions include a rise between 150-215mm and a going between 215-305mm. Stair angles should be between 26.5 and 45 degrees.
3) Various stair types include straight, quarter-turn, spiral, and others. Landings are required between flights to break up long runs of stairs.
Timber roof
This document discusses different types of timber roof structures. It describes lean-to roofs, which consist of rafters sloping on one side and are supported by a single wall. Collared roofs have a horizontal collar beam placed between rafters to prevent their spreading. King post roofs contain a central vertical post to support the tie beam below. Queen post roofs are similar but use two vertical queen posts instead of a single king post. Details and dimensions are provided for each type of roof.
Elevators and escalators
This document provides information about special types of elevators. It begins with a basic introduction to elevators and their functions. It then discusses the history of elevator development. Key developments included early screw drive systems, safety brakes to prevent falls, and the introduction of electric power. The document outlines various elevator designs and components. These include the cab, doors, hoist mechanisms, and control systems. It also discusses different types of elevators for passengers, goods, automobiles, and more. Standards and regulations for elevator design are also reviewed.
Sun Shading Devices
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Space frames
Space frames are truss-like, lightweight rigid structures constructed from interlocking struts arranged in a geometric pattern. They were independently developed in the early 1900s and 1950s to span large areas with few interior supports. Space frames transfer loads through a three-dimensional arrangement of linear elements subjected only to axial tension or compression. Common materials used include steel and timber. Connections are made through various joint types, and space frames can be single, double or triple layered grids. They provide advantages like light weight, stiffness and versatility compared to other structures.
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Stairs are designed to provide passage between different levels of a building. They consist of steps divided into smaller vertical distances. Stairs should be located for easy access and be well-lit and ventilated. There are various technical terms used in stair construction like baluster, handrail, newel post, soffit, and tread. Stairs can be straight, turning, circular, or geometrical. Straight stairs run in one direction while turning stairs change direction. Circular stairs have winder steps radiating from the center. Geometrical stairs have non-rectangular shapes with continuous handrails. Proper stair design and construction is important for safety and accessibility.
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Stairs (for civil engineering)
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Types of staircases-details-moc3 presentation
Types of staircases
details
methods of construction
Architectural presentation
assignment
Stairs are used to create a pedestrian route between different vertical levels by dividing the height between the levels into manageable steps. Very generally, the word 'stairs' refers to a staircase, whereas the word 'step' refers to the steps that make up the staircase.
The type of stairs suitable for different situations will depend on:
The supporting structure.
The amount and type of usage it is likely to receive.
The space available and its geometry.
The difference in height between the top and bottom.
Materials selection
Stairs may be:
Open tread or closed tread.
Provided with handrails on one or both sides, or in the middle on wide stairs.
Enclosed by walls or open on one or both side.
Different widths and lengths and may have a range of step dimensions.
Different geometries.
Staircase used in Indian Buildings _____
South Asia Human Rights Documentation Centre (SAHRDC),New Delhi
Hotel Taj,Mumbai
Mahabat Maqbara ,Junagarh
Indian Institute of Management,Ahmedabad
Om dayal college of architecture
Parts and Types of Staircase.pptx
This document discusses different types of staircases, including straight, quarter turn, half turn, three quarter turn, circular, spiral, and bifurcated staircases. It provides details on each type, such as the degree of turn, space requirements, and popularity. Design considerations like minimum tread size, maximum riser height, and headroom are also outlined. Examples are given for designing dog-legged staircases for floor-to-floor heights of 3.6m and 3m.
Staircase - Introduction, Types, Parts and Design
In this slides, I have given an introduction to staircase and discussed, the types, parts and design of staircase.
Types & construction of stairs with photos
This document provides information on stair design and construction, including components, terminology, dimensions, and types of staircases. It discusses functional requirements of staircases and describes common stair parts like flights, landings, treads, and handrails. Guidelines are provided for dimensional requirements like tread width and height, as well as pitch angle. Different plan types of staircases like straight run, 180 degree return, and spiral are illustrated along with concrete, wood, and metal stair construction methods.
stair-1_044053.pptx
Stairs are designed to span vertical distances by dividing them into smaller steps. Stairs must be stable, fire protected, and suitable for different users. Components include flights, landings, treads, risers, nosings, stringers, and handrails. Dimensions like tread width and riser height are regulated depending on the building type. Staircases can be straight, 180 degree return, L-shaped, spiral, or have winders. Concrete, wood, and metal are common materials used for stair construction. Detailed stair plans specify step numbers, dimensions, and materials.
Stair.pptx
This document defines and describes different types of stairs. It begins by defining a stair as a series of steps connecting different floors of a building. It then lists various technical terms related to stairs, including tread, riser, flight, landing, nosing, pitch, hand rail, and stringer. The document outlines requirements for a good stair, such as location, width, length of flight, pitch, materials, head room, and inclusion of landings and balustrades. Finally, it describes different types of stairs including straight, dog-legged, open-newel, geometrical, circular, and bifurcated stairs.
Lecture 9.ppt
1) The document discusses the design of different types of staircases including straight stairs, quarter turn stairs, half turn stairs, three quarter turn stairs, bifurcated stairs, and continuous stairs.
2) It provides details on the design considerations for treads, risers, flights, and load calculations.
3) An example is presented on the design of a doglegged staircase for an institutional building. Reinforcement details and calculations are shown.
Stairs presentation
The document defines different types of stairs and their components. It discusses:
1. The basic components of stairs including steps, treads, risers, handrails, and balusters.
2. Different types of stairs such as straight stairs, open newel stairs, circular stairs, dog-legged stairs, and bifurcated stairs.
3. Common materials used in stair construction including wood, stone, metal, and reinforced concrete. Escalators are also mentioned.
4. Brief descriptions and uses of each stair type along with examples.
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- 1. Staircase: A Staircase is a series of steps with or without landingsor platforms, which is installed between two or more floorsof a building to bridge a large vertical distance. Types of Stairs: Stairsare generally divided into 3 types: 1. Straightstairs 2. Turning stairs 3. Continuousstairs 1. Straightstair: A type of stair in which there is no change of direction in any flight is called as straightstair. It may or may not consist of a center landing. Advantages: - Easiest to build and walk. -They are only connected atthe both endsso no intermediate supporting structure is needed. Disadvantages: -Use big amountof linearspace. -These stairs do not provide privacy between 2 floors. Uses: Where there is more free linearspace. Commercial Buildings Straight stair with Landing
- 2. 2.TurningStairs: (i). QuarterTurn stair (L-shaped stair): A stair which turnsat right angle (90”) is called as quarter turn stair. Change in direction is provided by a landing or with the help of winders. Advantages: -Provide Visual barriersbetween floors. -Safer than straightstairs because number of treadsbefore a landing is reduced on which a person may fall. Disadvantages: -A bit difficult to build and expensive. -Construction of handrailfor these stairs require more skill. With Landing With Winders
- 3. (ii). Half Turn stair (U-shaped stair): U Shaped stairs are basically 2 parallelflights of straightstairs joined by a landing that requiresa 180-degree turn in the walk line. If a third flight is inserted into the middle of the stairs, it would become a double L stair (or quarter landing). Advantages: -Landing providesa resting pointwhile covering steps. -It fits best in architecturalplans Disadvantages: -Difficultto build -Requiresmore skill
- 4. (iii).Threequartertrun stairs: A stair turning through 270 degrees, iscalled as three-quarter turn stair. It consists of two landingsor turns. (iv).Bifurcated Stairs: This type of stair is designed in such a way that it hasa wide flight in the beginning which is further divided into two narrow flights at the mid endings, on each side. Uses: Used in Public buildingsat the entrance.
- 5. 3.ContinuousStairs: (i). Circular stairs: A circular stair is a type of stairway thatoccupiesa circular volume and layersthe stair treadsin a spiral pattern abouta central supportpost. Advantages: Aesthetically appealing. Disadvantages: -Difficultto build -Occupiesgreater space (ii).Spiralstairs: A type of round stair or curved stairs that consists of individual steps, or treads, that are connected to a center column. The treadsrotate around thiscentral point Plan of continuous stairs
- 6. Advantages: -One of the key advantagesof spiral stairs is their compactness -Spiralstairs can be attractive and there are many variationson railingsstyles which can have a major impacton the overall appearance of the stair. Disadvantages: -Spiralstairs are more difficult to navigate than other types of stairs-It is difficult to carry large itemsup spiralstairs. Only one person can go up or down the stairs at the same time.