34. 文法の機能の3側面
• 昨夜の強盗事件についての報道…
• Two men have broken into the museum, and the
police have arrested them.
• 前半;2人組の男=容疑者,後半;警察
• もっとスッキリさせられないものか?!
• Two men have broken into the museum, and have
been arrested.
35. 文法の機能の3側面
• The tiger was caught an hour ago: 観念構成的側面
• The bill wasn’t paid last month: 対人関係的側面
• Two men have broken into the museum, and have
been arrested: テクスト形成的側面
• いずれもby句なし; ではby句を伴うのは…?
45. • 例.「現在進行相」の教育内容構成
• a) The bus is stopping.
• b) He is reading a paper now.
• c) He is tapping his pen on the table.
• d) He is living in Shizuoka.
• a) → b) → c) → d)
• 単純過去と過去進行形との対比
46. 「進行形」「時制」
• 過去=過去のこと、現在=いまのこと?
• The sun rises from the east.
• I knew she was beautiful.
• 時間(time)表現
• 時制(tense): 現在、過去
• 相(aspect): (瞬間、反復、)進行、完了
• 未来時: モダリティ×時制×相×時間表現
47. 「現在完了形」の取り扱い
• [1]
• Anne: Hi. Just to let you
know that we’ve booked
the train tickets so we’re
all ready to go.
• Yoichi: Look, I’m really
sorry but I (broke/ ’ve
broken) my leg so I can’t
go with you.
• [2]
• Mary: I’ve heard you were
in the hospital. Poor you!
How are you feeling?
• Ken: Thanks, but you
need not worry about
me. I (broke/’ve broken)
my leg but I’m all right
now.
49. 「意味順」英語学習法
• 英語は配置のことば
• John gave Mary a present.
• John gave a present Mary. ???
• ジョンはメアリーにプレゼントをあげた。
• ジョンはプレゼントをメアリーにあげた。
• He moved very slowly. / His song moved us.