Mizushima, L., & Watari, Y. “Do English education in Japanese high schools provide sufficient pragmatic instruction?: A quantitative and qualitative study of English textbooks and teachers." at the 14th International Pragmatics Conference (The University of Antwerp, Belgium, Jul. 26-31)
4. Task 2
観察記述の枠組み
モード
方式
リアルタイム メモ→振り返り 録音・録画
数値的分析法 a) Tally Sheet
b) SCORE
c) Hopkins’ Seating Chart
j) BIAS
項目別評価法 d) Observation Schedule d) OS
タイプ分類法 e) FLINT
(f) COLT Part A)
f) COLT Part A
g) TALOS
f) COLT Part B
記述式分析法 h)
i) Uptake Sheets
11. 研究事例検討
• Background
• Research question
• Method/ Statistical tools
• Qualitative data analysis
• Results
• Generalizability
12. 研究事例検討
Background
• The study examines the“silent period”among
children, especially, in immigrant contexts,
learning their L2, English.
• This article focuses on just one of the students
who remained relatively silent throughout the
year.
13. 研究事例検討
Research question
• how a kindergarten student undergoing the
silent period began to create and express
meaning in the new ... environment of school,
• while also attending to the tasks of becoming a ...
member ..., learning a new language, and gaining
knowledge of the content of instruction.
14. 研究事例検討
Method
• participant observations（参与観察）, for an
academic year at the school, observing students’
in-class and out-of-class behaviors regularly.
• Interviews with teachers and students
• Three types of classroom activities
15. 研究事例検討
Qualitative data analysis
• Each of the three activity types, in conjunction
with Juan’s (mostly non-verbal) participation in
the activity
• and how his participation changed over time.
16. 研究事例検討
Results
• for Juan“language learning”was not merely a
result of repetition or mimicking, but instead, it
was an intentional, transformative, and complex
process of meaning-making involving an
understanding and creation of shared semiotic
systems through joint participation in sign-
mediated activities
17. 研究事例検討
Generalizability
• Students in the silent period are in fact actively
constructing meanings and are participating
psychologically in lessons in various ways, many
of them non-verbal but foundational to their later
oral and literate development in English.
• no explanation about how typical Juan’s case was
