Correlations 相関関係の分析
• 報告:r = r値, p = p値(nまたはdf)
• “A Pearson correlation coefficient of r =.06, p = .66
(n = 50) was found between scores on the
memory test and a timed vocabulary recall test
that students took. This means that scores on the
memory test explained R2 = 4% of the variance in
the vocabulary test, a very small effect size.”
研究事例検討
Research question
• Coulddifferent cooperative learning
approaches to teaching reading
comprehension affect scores on a
semester-final reading comprehension
test at the university level?
29.
研究事例検討
Participants
• 90 femaleIranian leaners of English who
attended 16 sessions of 45 minutes each
during a college semester.
30.
研究事例検討
Method
• There were3 groups:
• STAD: those who received a cooperative learning
approach to reading labeled STAD
• GI: who received a different cooperative approach
called GI
• control group: who practiced reading through
“Conventional instruction”(CI)
31.
研究事例検討
Results
• Mean scoresand standard deviations on a semester-
final comprehension test ... the STAD group (M=12.3,
SD=3.3) ... the control group (M=10.23, SD=2.76). A
one-way ANOVA was performed, F (2, 87) = 3.46, p
= .036, indicating that not all of the groups
performed the same way .... Post-hoc tests found a
statistical difference between the STAD and control
groups only. (... Cohen’s d effect sizes ... STAD vs.
control, d = .68, effect size is medium)