Tacheometry survey
•Download as PPT, PDF•
24 likes•5,847 views
This document discusses tacheometry, which is a method of distance measurement using a transit theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm and anallatic lens. An anallatic lens is an additional convex lens provided between the eyepiece and object glass of the instrument to make the additive constant equal to zero. This simplifies distance calculations by making it dependent only on the multiplying constant. The document provides examples of using stadia readings to calculate distances and defines various terms used in tacheometry such as focal length, stadia intercept, multiplying constant, etc. It also discusses the working principle of an anallatic lens and assigns notation for different optical components. Home assignments on deriving formulae for inclined
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
9. MORDAN SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS (SUR) 3140601 GTU
Introduction, electromagnetic spectrum, electromagnetic distance measurement, types of EDM instruments, electronic digital theodolites, total station, digital levels, scanners for topographical survey, global positioning system.
Theodolite surveying
This document discusses the use of a theodolite for surveying. It begins by explaining that a theodolite is needed to precisely measure horizontal and vertical angles, unlike a compass. It then defines theodolite surveying as surveying that measures angles using a theodolite. The document goes on to classify theodolites based on their horizontal axis and method of angle measurement. It describes the basic parts of a transit vernier theodolite and explains terms used in manipulating one. Finally, it discusses methods for measuring horizontal angles, including the general, repetition, and reiteration methods.
Tacheometry ppt
This document provides information about tacheometry, which is a method of surveying that determines horizontal and vertical distances from instrumental observations. It discusses how tacheometry can be used when obstacles make traditional surveying difficult. The key aspects covered include:
- Defining tacheometry and the measurements it provides
- When tacheometry is advantageous over other surveying methods
- The instruments used, including tacheometers and levelling rods
- How horizontal and vertical distances are calculated using constants
- The different types of tacheometer diaphragms and telescopes
- The fixed hair method for taking readings
5. AREAS AND VOLUMES (SUR) 3140601 GTU
Introduction, computation of area, computation of area from field notes and plotted plans, boundary area, area of traverse, Use of Plannimeter, computations of volumes, Volume from cross sections, Trapezoidal and Prismoidal formulae, Prismoidal correction, Curvature correction, capacity of reservoir, volume from borrow pits.
Tacheometric surveying ppt
Tacheometric surveying uses a tacheometer to determine horizontal and vertical distances through angular measurements. A tacheometer is a theodolite fitted with stadia hairs and an anallatic lens. The tacheometric formula relates the staff intercept, focal length, stadia interval and additive constant to calculate horizontal distances. Methods include stadia, fixed/movable hair, and non-stadia techniques. Determining the tacheometer constant involves measuring distances and staff intervals at stations to solve equations. Errors arise from incorrect stadia intervals or graduations. Tacheometric surveying provides distances in rough terrain but with less precision than other methods.
traversing of survey
The document discusses different types of traverses and methods for conducting traverse surveys. It describes two types of traverses: open traverses that begin and end at points of known and unknown positions, and closed traverses that begin and end at points of known positions, including closed-loop traverses that begin and end at the same point. It also outlines four methods for determining directions during traversing: chain angle method, free needle method, fast needle method, and measuring angles between lines. Finally, it discusses instruments used for measuring angles like compasses and theodolites, and defines different types of bearings including true, magnetic, and arbitrary bearings.
EDM and Total Stations
Here are the coordinates of points A, B and C:
XA = 171,809.49 m
YA = YD = 114,056.00 m
XB = XA + AB cos (37 28 41) = 171,981.97 m
YB = YA + AB sin (37 28 41) = 114,257.39 m
XC = XB + BC cos (55 20 14) = 172,053.04 m
YC = YB + BC sin (55 20 14) = 113,995.32 m
Theodolite survey
The document provides information about theodolites. It begins with an introduction stating that a theodolite is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles more precisely than a magnetic compass. It then discusses the main parts of a theodolite including the horizontal circle, vertical circle, telescope, and levels. The document also covers the history of theodolites from their early origins to modern electronic versions. It describes how to operate a transit vernier theodolite including terms like centering, transiting, swinging the telescope, and changing face. Finally, it discusses the permanent and temporary adjustments needed to ensure accurate theodolite measurements.
Recommended
9. MORDAN SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS (SUR) 3140601 GTU
Introduction, electromagnetic spectrum, electromagnetic distance measurement, types of EDM instruments, electronic digital theodolites, total station, digital levels, scanners for topographical survey, global positioning system.
Theodolite surveying
This document discusses the use of a theodolite for surveying. It begins by explaining that a theodolite is needed to precisely measure horizontal and vertical angles, unlike a compass. It then defines theodolite surveying as surveying that measures angles using a theodolite. The document goes on to classify theodolites based on their horizontal axis and method of angle measurement. It describes the basic parts of a transit vernier theodolite and explains terms used in manipulating one. Finally, it discusses methods for measuring horizontal angles, including the general, repetition, and reiteration methods.
Tacheometry ppt
This document provides information about tacheometry, which is a method of surveying that determines horizontal and vertical distances from instrumental observations. It discusses how tacheometry can be used when obstacles make traditional surveying difficult. The key aspects covered include:
- Defining tacheometry and the measurements it provides
- When tacheometry is advantageous over other surveying methods
- The instruments used, including tacheometers and levelling rods
- How horizontal and vertical distances are calculated using constants
- The different types of tacheometer diaphragms and telescopes
- The fixed hair method for taking readings
5. AREAS AND VOLUMES (SUR) 3140601 GTU
Introduction, computation of area, computation of area from field notes and plotted plans, boundary area, area of traverse, Use of Plannimeter, computations of volumes, Volume from cross sections, Trapezoidal and Prismoidal formulae, Prismoidal correction, Curvature correction, capacity of reservoir, volume from borrow pits.
Tacheometric surveying ppt
Tacheometric surveying uses a tacheometer to determine horizontal and vertical distances through angular measurements. A tacheometer is a theodolite fitted with stadia hairs and an anallatic lens. The tacheometric formula relates the staff intercept, focal length, stadia interval and additive constant to calculate horizontal distances. Methods include stadia, fixed/movable hair, and non-stadia techniques. Determining the tacheometer constant involves measuring distances and staff intervals at stations to solve equations. Errors arise from incorrect stadia intervals or graduations. Tacheometric surveying provides distances in rough terrain but with less precision than other methods.
traversing of survey
The document discusses different types of traverses and methods for conducting traverse surveys. It describes two types of traverses: open traverses that begin and end at points of known and unknown positions, and closed traverses that begin and end at points of known positions, including closed-loop traverses that begin and end at the same point. It also outlines four methods for determining directions during traversing: chain angle method, free needle method, fast needle method, and measuring angles between lines. Finally, it discusses instruments used for measuring angles like compasses and theodolites, and defines different types of bearings including true, magnetic, and arbitrary bearings.
EDM and Total Stations
Here are the coordinates of points A, B and C:
XA = 171,809.49 m
YA = YD = 114,056.00 m
XB = XA + AB cos (37 28 41) = 171,981.97 m
YB = YA + AB sin (37 28 41) = 114,257.39 m
XC = XB + BC cos (55 20 14) = 172,053.04 m
YC = YB + BC sin (55 20 14) = 113,995.32 m
Theodolite survey
The document provides information about theodolites. It begins with an introduction stating that a theodolite is used to measure horizontal and vertical angles more precisely than a magnetic compass. It then discusses the main parts of a theodolite including the horizontal circle, vertical circle, telescope, and levels. The document also covers the history of theodolites from their early origins to modern electronic versions. It describes how to operate a transit vernier theodolite including terms like centering, transiting, swinging the telescope, and changing face. Finally, it discusses the permanent and temporary adjustments needed to ensure accurate theodolite measurements.
Tacheometric surveying
Tacheometric surveying is a method of rapidly determining horizontal and vertical positions of points using optical measurements rather than traditional tape or chain measurements. A tacheometer, which is a transit theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm, is used to measure the horizontal and vertical angles to a stadia rod or staff held at survey points. Formulas involving the stadia interval, staff intercept readings, and calculated constants are used to determine horizontal distances and elevations from the instrument to points. Measurements can be taken with horizontal lines of sight or inclined lines of sight when the staff is held vertically or normal to the line of sight.
Trigonometric levelling
This document describes different methods of trigonometric leveling to determine the elevation of points. Trigonometric leveling uses vertical angles measured with a theodolite and distances to calculate elevations. There are methods to determine elevations when the base is accessible and inaccessible, and when instrument stations and objects are in the same or different vertical planes. Calculations use trigonometric functions and relationships between angles and distances in triangles formed by the instrument stations and object.
Surveying Complete Notes of Unit 1.pptx
Surveying Subject Weightage for GATE & ESE.
Objective of Surveying
Scope of Surveying
Uses Of Surveying
LINEAR AND ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS in Surveying
Basic Definitions in Surveying
Divisions Of Surveying
Plumb Line
Plain & Geodetic Surveying
Fundamental Principles of Surveying
Plan, Maps & Scale & Their Types
RF
Classification of Surveying
Chain surveying
Methods of Linear measurements
Accessories used in Chain Surveying
Ranging Rod/Pole or Picket
Chaining
Types of Chains
types of tapes
Tape Correction
Ranging of Survey line
The process of ranging Direct Ranging & Indirect Ranging
Ranging by Line Ranger
Instrument used for measurement of Direction and Angle
Whole circle bearing (WCB)
Reduced Bearing (RB) Quadrant Bearing (QB)
Types of Meridian
Types of Bearing
Fore bearing and Back bearing
Compass Surveying
Traversing
Types of traverse surveying
Principle of Compass Surveying
Methods of Traversing
Traversing by Included Angle
Types of Compass
1.PrismaticCompass
2.Surveyor’sCompass
Temporary Adjustments for Prismatic Compass
Theodolite
Uses of Theodolite
Classification of Theodolite
Temporary adjustment of theodolite
MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL ANGLES:-
a)Ordinary Method.
b)Repetition Method.
c)Reiteration Method.
Setting out of curve (Survey)
This document summarizes methods for setting out simple circular curves based on linear and angular methods. The linear methods discussed are by offsets from the long chord, successive bisection of arcs, offsets from tangents, and offsets from chords produced. The angular methods discussed are Rankine's method of tangential angles, the two theodolite method, and the tacheometric method. Each method is briefly described in one or two sentences.
Module 1 tacheometry
MODULE CONSIST OF ALL THE RELEVANT CONTENTS REGARDING THE TACHEOMETRY AS PER THE SYLLABI OF DBATU, LONERE FOR SYBTECH CIVIL ENGINEERING
Total Station surveying
What is a Total Station?
Capability of a Total Station
Important Operations of Total Station
Uses of Total Station
Advantages of Using Total Stations
Applications
Theodolite Traversing
The document discusses theodolite traversing and defines key terms related to using a transit theodolite. It describes the main components of a transit theodolite including the telescope, vertical circle, plate bubbles, tribrach, and foot screws. It explains how to perform temporary adjustments like centering the theodolite over a station mark and leveling it using the tripod and foot screws. It also provides details on measuring horizontal and vertical angles with a vernier theodolite.
Advanced surveying instruments
Surveying is considered as one of the oldest field of Civil Engineering. As days passes we can see lot of improvements in technology. In this ppt we can able to see latest instruments used for surveying
Trigonometric levelling jithin
This document discusses trigonometric levelling, which is a method of determining elevation differences between stations using vertical angles and known distances. It presents three cases for determining the elevation of a point using a theodolite: 1) when the base of the object is accessible, 2) when the base is inaccessible and instrument stations are in the same vertical plane, and 3) when the base is inaccessible and instrument stations are not in the same vertical plane. Equations for calculating relative heights are provided for each case using trigonometric functions of the vertical angles and distances between points. Corrections may be needed for long distances to account for earth's curvature and refraction.
Advanced surveying equipment ppt
1. The document discusses advanced surveying equipment that provide more precise and faster surveying compared to traditional methods. It describes the Electronic Distance Meter (EDM), microoptic theodolite, electronic/digital theodolite, and total station.
2. An EDM measures distance using the phase difference between a transmitted and reflected wave. A microoptic theodolite and electronic theodolite are used to measure angles precisely.
3. A total station integrates EDM and theodolite functions to allow simultaneous distance and angle measurements for surveying tasks such as setting out buildings, contour mapping, and more.
Tacheometric surveying
Tacheometric surveying
Stadia method
Characteristics
Situation
Disadvantages of tangential method
Error in tachometry
Standards of precision
Total station
This document provides information about total station surveying equipment. It describes how a total station uses an integrated electronic theodolite, EDM, and microprocessor to automatically measure, reduce, display, and store surveying data in digital format. It also discusses accessories like prisms and tripods used with total stations. The document covers topics like robotic total stations, leveling the instrument, distance measurement techniques, and measuring horizontal distance, elevation, and slope distance with a total station.
Advance surveying equipments
Total station is an electronic instrument that combines an electronic distance meter and theodolite. It can measure horizontal and vertical angles, distances, and coordinates. It has advantages like high accuracy, fast field work, and automated calculations and mapping. Common types are mechanical, motorized, autolock, and robotic total stations. Electronic theodolites are used to measure horizontal angles and have digital readouts. Electronic distance meters use microwave, infrared, or visible light waves to measure distance electronically by timing the return signal. They have improved accuracy and range over traditional tapes and levels.
Compass surveying
Any line has a length and direction that can be measured using instruments like a chain, tape, or theodolite. A compass is used to measure direction with reference to magnetic north. There are two main types of compasses: the prismatic compass and the surveyor's compass. A compass contains a magnetic needle that points to magnetic north and allows the user to determine bearings by aligning the needle with an orienting arrow on a rotating housing marked with degrees.
Total station
Total stations are surveying instruments that electronically measure angles and distances to calculate locations of points. They combine an electronic distance meter, theodolite, and microprocessor. Measurements can achieve angular accuracy of 1-20 seconds and linear accuracy of 2-10 mm per km. Total stations are used for topographic surveys, construction layout, and other applications. Proper use requires careful centering, accurate pointing, averaging multiple measurements, and accounting for environmental factors.
6. TACHOMETRIC SURVEYING (SUR) 3140601 GTU
Introduction, purpose, principle, instruments, methods of tacheometry, stadia constants, anallatic lens, Subtense bar, field work in tacheometry, reduction of readings, errors and precisions.
EDM ( Electronic distance meter)
Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) uses electromagnetic waves like light or radio waves to measure distances. EDM instruments transmit a signal that bounces off a reflecting prism and returns to the instrument. The distance is calculated based on the time it takes for the signal to return. EDM has largely replaced tape measurements and improved surveying efficiency. Modern EDM instruments are integrated into total stations and can measure slope distances with millimeter accuracy over several kilometers.
Levelling
1) Levelling is the process of determining the relative elevations of points on or near the earth's surface. It is important for engineering projects to determine elevations along alignments.
2) Levelling is used to prepare contour maps, determine altitudes, and create longitudinal and cross sections needed for projects.
3) Key terms include bench mark, datum, reduced level, line of collimation, and height of instrument. Different types of levelling include simple, differential, fly, longitudinal, and cross-sectional levelling.
Curves
This document discusses methods for setting out simple circular curves in surveying. There are two main methods: linear and angular.
The linear method uses only a tape or chain and does not require angle measurement. It includes setting out curves by offsets from the long chord, by successive bisection of arcs, and by offsets from the tangents.
The angular method is used for longer curves and involves measuring deflection angles. It includes Rankine's method of tangential angles using a tape and theodolite to measure deflection angles from the back tangent to points on the curve. The two theodolite method also uses angle measurement between two theodolites.
GPS Surveying
The Global Positioning System is a satellite-based radio navigation system for determination of precise position and time, using radio signals from the satellites, in real-time or in post-processing mode.
Tacheometric survey
1. The document presents information from a slideshow on tacheometric surveying. It discusses various methods of tacheometric surveying including fixed hair, movable hair, tangential, and subtense bar methods.
2. Formulas are provided for calculating horizontal distance, vertical distance, and elevation of points using these different tacheometric surveying methods under various sighting conditions such as inclined or depressed lines of sight.
3. The document also discusses tacheometric constants, anallatic lenses, and procedures for conducting field work in a tacheometric survey including selecting instrument stations, taking observations of vertical angles and staff readings, and shifting to subsequent stations.
tacheometry surveying
Tacheometry is a surveying method that uses optical instruments like a theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm to measure horizontal and vertical distances between points. It works on the principle that the ratio of distance from the instrument to the base of an isosceles triangle and the length of the base is constant. Distances are calculated using stadia intercept readings and multiplying constants based on the focal length of the instrument's objective lens. Tacheometry offers faster measurement compared to traditional chaining and is useful for surveys in difficult terrain like rivers, valleys, or undulating ground where conventional surveying would be inaccurate or slow.
More Related Content
What's hot
Tacheometric surveying
Tacheometric surveying is a method of rapidly determining horizontal and vertical positions of points using optical measurements rather than traditional tape or chain measurements. A tacheometer, which is a transit theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm, is used to measure the horizontal and vertical angles to a stadia rod or staff held at survey points. Formulas involving the stadia interval, staff intercept readings, and calculated constants are used to determine horizontal distances and elevations from the instrument to points. Measurements can be taken with horizontal lines of sight or inclined lines of sight when the staff is held vertically or normal to the line of sight.
Trigonometric levelling
This document describes different methods of trigonometric leveling to determine the elevation of points. Trigonometric leveling uses vertical angles measured with a theodolite and distances to calculate elevations. There are methods to determine elevations when the base is accessible and inaccessible, and when instrument stations and objects are in the same or different vertical planes. Calculations use trigonometric functions and relationships between angles and distances in triangles formed by the instrument stations and object.
Surveying Complete Notes of Unit 1.pptx
Surveying Subject Weightage for GATE & ESE.
Objective of Surveying
Scope of Surveying
Uses Of Surveying
LINEAR AND ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS in Surveying
Basic Definitions in Surveying
Divisions Of Surveying
Plumb Line
Plain & Geodetic Surveying
Fundamental Principles of Surveying
Plan, Maps & Scale & Their Types
RF
Classification of Surveying
Chain surveying
Methods of Linear measurements
Accessories used in Chain Surveying
Ranging Rod/Pole or Picket
Chaining
Types of Chains
types of tapes
Tape Correction
Ranging of Survey line
The process of ranging Direct Ranging & Indirect Ranging
Ranging by Line Ranger
Instrument used for measurement of Direction and Angle
Whole circle bearing (WCB)
Reduced Bearing (RB) Quadrant Bearing (QB)
Types of Meridian
Types of Bearing
Fore bearing and Back bearing
Compass Surveying
Traversing
Types of traverse surveying
Principle of Compass Surveying
Methods of Traversing
Traversing by Included Angle
Types of Compass
1.PrismaticCompass
2.Surveyor’sCompass
Temporary Adjustments for Prismatic Compass
Theodolite
Uses of Theodolite
Classification of Theodolite
Temporary adjustment of theodolite
MEASUREMENT OF HORIZONTAL ANGLES:-
a)Ordinary Method.
b)Repetition Method.
c)Reiteration Method.
Setting out of curve (Survey)
This document summarizes methods for setting out simple circular curves based on linear and angular methods. The linear methods discussed are by offsets from the long chord, successive bisection of arcs, offsets from tangents, and offsets from chords produced. The angular methods discussed are Rankine's method of tangential angles, the two theodolite method, and the tacheometric method. Each method is briefly described in one or two sentences.
Module 1 tacheometry
MODULE CONSIST OF ALL THE RELEVANT CONTENTS REGARDING THE TACHEOMETRY AS PER THE SYLLABI OF DBATU, LONERE FOR SYBTECH CIVIL ENGINEERING
Total Station surveying
What is a Total Station?
Capability of a Total Station
Important Operations of Total Station
Uses of Total Station
Advantages of Using Total Stations
Applications
Theodolite Traversing
The document discusses theodolite traversing and defines key terms related to using a transit theodolite. It describes the main components of a transit theodolite including the telescope, vertical circle, plate bubbles, tribrach, and foot screws. It explains how to perform temporary adjustments like centering the theodolite over a station mark and leveling it using the tripod and foot screws. It also provides details on measuring horizontal and vertical angles with a vernier theodolite.
Advanced surveying instruments
Surveying is considered as one of the oldest field of Civil Engineering. As days passes we can see lot of improvements in technology. In this ppt we can able to see latest instruments used for surveying
Trigonometric levelling jithin
This document discusses trigonometric levelling, which is a method of determining elevation differences between stations using vertical angles and known distances. It presents three cases for determining the elevation of a point using a theodolite: 1) when the base of the object is accessible, 2) when the base is inaccessible and instrument stations are in the same vertical plane, and 3) when the base is inaccessible and instrument stations are not in the same vertical plane. Equations for calculating relative heights are provided for each case using trigonometric functions of the vertical angles and distances between points. Corrections may be needed for long distances to account for earth's curvature and refraction.
Advanced surveying equipment ppt
1. The document discusses advanced surveying equipment that provide more precise and faster surveying compared to traditional methods. It describes the Electronic Distance Meter (EDM), microoptic theodolite, electronic/digital theodolite, and total station.
2. An EDM measures distance using the phase difference between a transmitted and reflected wave. A microoptic theodolite and electronic theodolite are used to measure angles precisely.
3. A total station integrates EDM and theodolite functions to allow simultaneous distance and angle measurements for surveying tasks such as setting out buildings, contour mapping, and more.
Tacheometric surveying
Tacheometric surveying
Stadia method
Characteristics
Situation
Disadvantages of tangential method
Error in tachometry
Standards of precision
Total station
This document provides information about total station surveying equipment. It describes how a total station uses an integrated electronic theodolite, EDM, and microprocessor to automatically measure, reduce, display, and store surveying data in digital format. It also discusses accessories like prisms and tripods used with total stations. The document covers topics like robotic total stations, leveling the instrument, distance measurement techniques, and measuring horizontal distance, elevation, and slope distance with a total station.
Advance surveying equipments
Total station is an electronic instrument that combines an electronic distance meter and theodolite. It can measure horizontal and vertical angles, distances, and coordinates. It has advantages like high accuracy, fast field work, and automated calculations and mapping. Common types are mechanical, motorized, autolock, and robotic total stations. Electronic theodolites are used to measure horizontal angles and have digital readouts. Electronic distance meters use microwave, infrared, or visible light waves to measure distance electronically by timing the return signal. They have improved accuracy and range over traditional tapes and levels.
Compass surveying
Any line has a length and direction that can be measured using instruments like a chain, tape, or theodolite. A compass is used to measure direction with reference to magnetic north. There are two main types of compasses: the prismatic compass and the surveyor's compass. A compass contains a magnetic needle that points to magnetic north and allows the user to determine bearings by aligning the needle with an orienting arrow on a rotating housing marked with degrees.
Total station
Total stations are surveying instruments that electronically measure angles and distances to calculate locations of points. They combine an electronic distance meter, theodolite, and microprocessor. Measurements can achieve angular accuracy of 1-20 seconds and linear accuracy of 2-10 mm per km. Total stations are used for topographic surveys, construction layout, and other applications. Proper use requires careful centering, accurate pointing, averaging multiple measurements, and accounting for environmental factors.
6. TACHOMETRIC SURVEYING (SUR) 3140601 GTU
Introduction, purpose, principle, instruments, methods of tacheometry, stadia constants, anallatic lens, Subtense bar, field work in tacheometry, reduction of readings, errors and precisions.
EDM ( Electronic distance meter)
Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) uses electromagnetic waves like light or radio waves to measure distances. EDM instruments transmit a signal that bounces off a reflecting prism and returns to the instrument. The distance is calculated based on the time it takes for the signal to return. EDM has largely replaced tape measurements and improved surveying efficiency. Modern EDM instruments are integrated into total stations and can measure slope distances with millimeter accuracy over several kilometers.
Levelling
1) Levelling is the process of determining the relative elevations of points on or near the earth's surface. It is important for engineering projects to determine elevations along alignments.
2) Levelling is used to prepare contour maps, determine altitudes, and create longitudinal and cross sections needed for projects.
3) Key terms include bench mark, datum, reduced level, line of collimation, and height of instrument. Different types of levelling include simple, differential, fly, longitudinal, and cross-sectional levelling.
Curves
This document discusses methods for setting out simple circular curves in surveying. There are two main methods: linear and angular.
The linear method uses only a tape or chain and does not require angle measurement. It includes setting out curves by offsets from the long chord, by successive bisection of arcs, and by offsets from the tangents.
The angular method is used for longer curves and involves measuring deflection angles. It includes Rankine's method of tangential angles using a tape and theodolite to measure deflection angles from the back tangent to points on the curve. The two theodolite method also uses angle measurement between two theodolites.
GPS Surveying
The Global Positioning System is a satellite-based radio navigation system for determination of precise position and time, using radio signals from the satellites, in real-time or in post-processing mode.
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Tacheometric survey
1. The document presents information from a slideshow on tacheometric surveying. It discusses various methods of tacheometric surveying including fixed hair, movable hair, tangential, and subtense bar methods.
2. Formulas are provided for calculating horizontal distance, vertical distance, and elevation of points using these different tacheometric surveying methods under various sighting conditions such as inclined or depressed lines of sight.
3. The document also discusses tacheometric constants, anallatic lenses, and procedures for conducting field work in a tacheometric survey including selecting instrument stations, taking observations of vertical angles and staff readings, and shifting to subsequent stations.
tacheometry surveying
Tacheometry is a surveying method that uses optical instruments like a theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm to measure horizontal and vertical distances between points. It works on the principle that the ratio of distance from the instrument to the base of an isosceles triangle and the length of the base is constant. Distances are calculated using stadia intercept readings and multiplying constants based on the focal length of the instrument's objective lens. Tacheometry offers faster measurement compared to traditional chaining and is useful for surveys in difficult terrain like rivers, valleys, or undulating ground where conventional surveying would be inaccurate or slow.
Tachymetry survey POLITEKNIK MELAKA
This document discusses tachymetry, which is a method of surveying that uses optical means to measure distances and heights between points. It describes the stadia method, which uses a telescope with crosshairs and a stadia rod to measure distances without a tape. The document outlines the principles, systems, and formulas used in tachymetry, including evaluating stadia constants, inclined sights with vertical and normal staff positions, and comparing the two staff holding methods. It provides an example calculation of horizontal and vertical distances using inclined sight formulas.
TACHYMETRY lesson 1 introduction
Tachymetry is a surveying method that uses optical instruments to measure distances and heights between ground marks. It involves using a tachymeter, which is a theodolite fitted with an optical device, to obtain measurements. The document provides definitions and explanations of tachymetry principles and systems, including the stadia method of measuring distances optically using stadia hairs on the tachymeter. Examples are given of evaluating stadia constants and fieldwork procedures for tachymetry surveys.
Sharique tacheometry slide
Tacheometry is a surveying method that determines horizontal distances and vertical elevations from observed vertical angles and staff intercept readings using trigonometry. It is used for topographic mapping, difficult terrain surveys, and establishing secondary control points. Tacheometry systems are either stadia, which considers staff intercepts at stadia hairs, or non-stadia, which uses telescopes without stadia and tangential or subtense bar methods. An anallactic lens in some tacheometers reduces the stadia constant to directly relate staff intercept to measured distance. Formulas are provided to calculate horizontal distance, vertical distance, and reduced level from observed angles for various line of sight inclinations and staff orientations.
Survey tacheometry
This document provides a tacheometry survey conducted by three students - Kharasadiya Parth U., Shah Urvi M., and Patel Priya N. - from Venus International College of Technology. It gives their names and student identification numbers. The document concludes with a thank you.
Tacheometric
This document discusses principles and methods of tacheometric surveying. It covers topics such as staff vertical and inclined sights, angles of elevation and depression, staff normal elevation and depression, and the tangential method for calculating distances when both angles are elevations or one is elevation and one is depression.
Topic 4 curve lesson 2
Circular curves are used to connect two straight sections of roads, railways, or other infrastructure. There are several common methods for setting out circular curves in the field, including using offsets from the tangent line, offsets from the long chord line, or using deflection angles. Field work involves using tools like optical squares and tapes to accurately mark the curve based on the chosen setting out method. Practical exercises and field work provide opportunities to apply these techniques hands-on.
Surveying
This document provides an overview of surveying concepts and techniques. It discusses:
1) The definitions, classifications, instruments, and methods used in surveying like chain surveying, compass surveying, plane table surveying, and total station surveying.
2) The objectives of surveying which include preparing maps, plans and transferring details to mark locations on the ground for engineering projects.
3) The primary divisions of surveying into plain surveying which ignores curvature of the earth, and geodetic surveying which accounts for curvature over large areas.
4) Fundamental surveying principles like working from the whole to parts, and locating new points using two measurements from fixed references.
Compass Surveying
Compass surveying involves measuring directions of survey lines using a magnetic compass and measuring lengths using a chain or tape. It is used when the area is large, undulating and has many details. In compass surveying, a series of connected lines are established through traversing. The magnetic bearing of each line is measured using a prismatic compass or surveyor's compass, and the distance is measured using a chain. Compass surveying is recommended for large and undulating areas without suspected magnetic interference. The key principles are measuring bearings using a compass and distances using a chain to establish connected lines through traversing without requiring triangulation.
Levelling
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Tacheometry 1
Tacheometry is a surveying method that uses angular measurements from a tacheometer to determine horizontal and vertical distances. It is well-suited for hilly areas where chaining distances is difficult. The document provides procedures to determine the multiplying and additive constants of a tacheometer through stadia tacheometry. This involves setting up the instrument and measuring staff intercepts at known distances to solve equations and calculate the constants. The constants are then used in tacheometric formulas to determine horizontal distances, vertical distances, and elevations for different sighting configurations of the staff.
Surveying - theodolite and tacheometry surveying
This document contains a question bank related to surveying techniques involving theodolite and tacheometry. It includes 11 multiple choice questions and definitions covering topics like reduced bearings, deflection angles, transit rule, methods of theodolite traversing, subtense bars, stadia diaphragms, tacheometer constants, uses of transition curves, tacheometric contouring, and the functions of a theodolite. The questions assess understanding of technical surveying concepts and calculations.
Presentation sections
There are 4 main parts to a formal presentation:
1) The introduction which tells the audience who you are and what they will hear.
2) Developing the body which is the most important part and where you present your information or ideas.
3) Using materials and involving people to enhance the presentation.
4) Concluding the presentation by finishing but hoping the discussion will continue with questions.
Each part serves a specific function to effectively engage the audience and structure the presentation.
Statics01
This document provides an overview of the contents of Chapter 1 from the textbook "Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics". It discusses the following key points in mechanics: the definition of mechanics and its categories; fundamental concepts such as space, time, mass and force; fundamental principles including Newton's laws of motion; common systems of units used in mechanics like SI and US Customary units; the typical method of solving mechanics problems using free-body diagrams and fundamental principles; and considerations for numerical accuracy in mechanics problems.
Ch02
This chapter discusses statics of particles, including:
- Representing multiple forces on a particle with a single resultant force
- Conditions for a particle to be in equilibrium
- Using free-body diagrams to analyze forces on a particle
- Adding vector forces using graphical and trigonometric methods
- Resolving forces into rectangular components and adding the components
- Solving example problems by drawing free-body diagrams, applying equilibrium conditions, and using vector math to determine unknown forces
79338922 survey-report
This document provides an overview of various surveying techniques used to create a topographical map. It begins with an introduction to surveying and its purpose of determining relative positions of earth points. It then discusses reconnaissance to explore an area and identify key points. Levelling is used to determine elevation references. Triangulation, tacheometry, plane table methods, and contour plotting are then introduced to measure and map points, along with maintaining observation tables.
Curves and there application in Survey
1) Curves are gradual bends provided in transportation infrastructure like roads, railways and canals to allow for a smooth change in direction or grade.
2) There are two main types of curves - horizontal curves which provide a gradual change in direction, and vertical curves which provide a gradual change in grade.
3) Curves are needed to safely guide vehicles and traffic when changing directions or grades, to improve visibility, and to prevent erosion of canal banks from water pressure.
Computation of area
This document discusses different methods for calculating areas in surveying, including graphical, coordinate, and planimeter methods. The coordinate method is commonly used to calculate irregular areas by splitting them into trapezoids and applying the trapezoidal rule or Simpson's rule formulas. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating areas using offsets and these rules, along with limitations around applying the rules to datasets with irregular intervals.
Viewers also liked (20)
Similar to Tacheometry survey
TACHEOMETRY 1. btech civil engineeringpptx
Tacheometry is a surveying method that uses a tacheometer, which is a telescope fitted with a stadia hair micrometer, to measure distances. There are three types of telescopes used: external focusing, internal focusing, and external focusing with an additional anallatic lens. An anallatic lens provides simpler distance calculations by making the constant (f+c) equal to 0. Essential characteristics of a tacheometer include a focal length constant of 100, an anallatic lens, high magnification, and a clear image. Distance measurements use a stadia rod or leveling staff measured in meters, decimeters, and centimeters. The fixed hair method takes readings from three hairs on the staff to determine
Measurement of corneal curvature
Keratometers measure the radius of curvature of the central cornea using the principle of reflected light and angular size measurements. They utilize a doubling principle to measure the size of the reflected corneal image. Modern automated keratometers focus the corneal image electronically without the need for doubling. Keratometry is used to determine refractive power and monitor corneal shape changes.
Newtons Ring
This document describes a physics experiment to determine the wavelength of sodium light using Newton's rings. The experiment uses a plano-convex lens, sodium lamp, glass plate, and traveling microscope to create interference fringes known as Newton's rings. Measurements of the ring radii are taken and used in the formula λ = (D2n+m-D2n)/ 4Rp to calculate the wavelength, where λ is 542.036 angstroms. Precautions are outlined to ensure accurate measurements and reduce error in the experiment.
RAMJI PANDEY keratometry PPT
Keratometry is a technique to measure the curvature of the cornea using a keratometer. A keratometer projects illuminated circles called mires onto the cornea which form reflected images. By measuring the size of the reflected images, the radius of curvature of the cornea can be calculated in two principal meridians. Keratometry is used to measure corneal astigmatism and monitor the shape of the cornea for conditions like keratoconus. Automated keratometers have replaced manual keratometers and can measure corneal curvature more quickly and accurately.
Optics of contact lens
This document discusses the optics of contact lenses. It begins with a brief history of contact lenses and an introduction to basic optics concepts for thick lenses. It then covers various optical properties of contact lenses like vertex distance correction, magnification, accommodation, convergence, and aberrations. Key advantages of contact lenses are discussed, such as producing a more natural retinal image size for myopes and hyperopes compared to spectacles. Factors affecting spectacle and contact lens magnification are also presented.
02 principle of photography and imaging
This lecture deals with photography as a basic tool. Allow students to understand basic of image geometry.
Telescopes.pptx
Telescopes provide angular magnification for viewing distant objects. Galilean telescopes use a convex objective lens and concave eyepiece, producing an erect image. Keplerian telescopes use two convex lenses, producing an inverted image. Patients with ametropia can compensate using their prescription or adjusting the tube length. Telescopes can be adapted for near use with a lens cap placed over the objective.
Optical fiber Experiment.docx
This experiment is for the Undergraduate students of Engineering and Science background. The optical fiber experiment explains the principle of working of optical fiber and theory to determine the angle of acceptance and numerical aperture.
透明結構物形貌量測技術發展趨勢
1. The document summarizes the development of a phase shifting digital interference contrast (PS-DIC) system for measuring the surface profiles of transparent structures.
2. It describes the design of the PS-DIC system, which integrates both reflection and transmission optical paths. Simulation and experimental results show the system can measure wedge angles of prisms and cylindrical lens profiles.
3. The maximum measurable wedge angle is limited by the numerical aperture of the objective lens, with angles over 30 degrees for a 10X lens and 45 degrees for a 20X lens considered immeasurable. Water immersion is adopted to improve the measurement range.
L15 chapter 13 keratometry and keratoscopy 2 2007 2008
Keratometry uses the anterior cornea as a mirror to measure corneal radius. It focuses the corneal reflection using objective lenses and splits the image using a half-field prism. By adjusting the prism position, it can provide a measure of the anterior corneal radius. The keratometer provides an estimate of total corneal power based on the measured anterior corneal radius and assuming a standard refractive index, though it cannot directly measure the posterior corneal radius or thickness. This estimated total corneal power is used in applications like estimating corneal astigmatism and intraocular lens power calculations.
Troubleshooting, Designing & Installing Digital & Analog Closed Circuit TV Sy...
This document provides an overview of CCTV systems, including topics like the human eye and light, optical elements, lenses, back-focus adjustment, and neutral density filters. It discusses key concepts such as the spectrum of light, how the eye works, common light sources, lens properties, depth of field, and how neutral density filters allow maintaining a constant shutter speed while opening the aperture. The document is an educational presentation aimed at teaching the technical fundamentals of digital and analog CCTV systems.
OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE
Introduction
Working principle
Classification
Construction and working
Different types of an optical scope
Process capabilities and analysis
Testing
Process parameters
Components and machine structure
Confocal laser scanning microscopy
Microscopic
Advantages
Applications
Advancement in CMM
Machine characteristics
Process parameters of CMM
Animation video
Research papers
Bar graphs and tables
Conclusion
References
Ray optics 6_Suri sir.pdf
This document provides an overview of concepts related to microscopes, telescopes, and their resolving power. It defines key terms like least distance of distinct vision, visual angle, and magnifying power. It then explains the principles of simple microscopes, compound microscopes, and telescopes under stressed and relaxed vision. The document also discusses how resolving power depends on factors like wavelength and aperture diameter. Finally, it includes several practice problems related to calculating magnifying powers and resolving distances for different optical instruments.
Sesión de Laboratorio 6: Lentes Ópticas
Laboratory session in Physics II subject for September 2016-January 2017 semester in Yachay Tech University (Ecuador). Topic covered: optics, lenses, convergence, divergence, eye, abnormality
Based on Bruna Regalado's work
UNIT 1.pptx
Tacheometric surveying is a method of surveying that uses optical instruments to rapidly measure horizontal and vertical distances between points. It is well-suited for difficult terrain where direct measurements with tapes or chains are impossible. A tacheometer, which is a theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm, is used to measure the angle subtended by a known distance on a stadia rod or staff at a point. This allows the horizontal distance and elevation of points to be calculated trigonometrically without direct measurement. Common tacheometric methods include fixed hair stadia, subtense, and tangential systems. Field procedures involve establishing instrument stations along a traverse and taking angular and stadia rod readings
Telescopes
There are two main types of telescopes: Keplerian/astronomical telescopes and Galilean telescopes. Keplerian telescopes produce an inverted image while Galilean telescopes produce an upright image. Telescopes can be modified to compensate for refractive errors by adding lenses or changing the tube length to allow viewing of objects that are not at optical infinity.
tacheometric surveying
Tacheometric surveying is a method of surveying that determines horizontal and vertical distances optically rather than through direct measurement with a tape or chain. It uses an instrument called a tacheometer fitted with a stadia diaphragm to rapidly measure distances. The key principles are that the ratio of perpendicular to base is constant in similar triangles, allowing horizontal distance and elevation to be calculated from observed angles and staff intercept readings. Common tacheometric systems include fixed hair stadia, subtense stadia, and tangential methods. Distance and elevation formulas are derived for horizontal, inclined, and depressed line of sights depending on staff orientation. Tacheometric surveying is well-suited for difficult terrain where direct measurement is challenging
Tacheometric-Surveying.ppt
Tacheometric surveying is a method that determines horizontal and vertical distances optically rather than using a tape or chain. It uses a theodolite fitted with a stadia diaphragm containing hairs to rapidly measure distances. There are different systems, including the stadia system which uses fixed or movable hairs, and the tangential system. Formulas are used to calculate distances and elevations based on staff intercept readings and vertical angles observed. The constants of the instrument such as the multiplying constant and additive constant must also be determined.
Coneal topography instrumentation, techniques, procedures, limitations, advan...
Cornea- anatomy, corneal topography-techniques and procedures, keratometry, keratoscopy, corneal topography, doubling, extended keratometry, placido disc, corneal topography of keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration
Similar to Tacheometry survey (20)
L15 chapter 13 keratometry and keratoscopy 2 2007 2008
L15 chapter 13 keratometry and keratoscopy 2 2007 2008
Troubleshooting, Designing & Installing Digital & Analog Closed Circuit TV Sy...
Troubleshooting, Designing & Installing Digital & Analog Closed Circuit TV Sy...
OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE
OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINE
Coneal topography instrumentation, techniques, procedures, limitations, advan...
Coneal topography instrumentation, techniques, procedures, limitations, advan...
More from Er. SANTOSH PATASKAR (PATWA JI)
Mohanpura dam project RAJGARH MP. INAUGRATED BY PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SHREE...
Mohanpura dam project RAJGARH MP. INAUGRATED BY PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SHREE...Er. SANTOSH PATASKAR (PATWA JI)
MOHANPURA DAM PROJECT Mohanpura dam project BY PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SHREE NARENDRA MODI JI & CHIEF MINISTER OF M.P. ITS CONSTRUCTED BY DILIP BUILDCON LIMITED BHOPAL . PPT BY Er. SANTOSH PATWAKUNDALIA DAM MAJOR PROJECT JIRAPUR (GRAVITY DAM & MULTIPURPOSE PROJECT ) PAPE...
KUNDALIA DAM MAJOR PROJECT JIRAPUR (GRAVITY DAM & MULTIPURPOSE PROJECT ) PAPE...Er. SANTOSH PATASKAR (PATWA JI)
KUNDALIA DAM PROJECT JIRAPUR CONSTRUCTED BY THIS IS A MAJOR PROJECT, THERE ARE 11 GATE FOR DISCHARGE OF WATER CONSTRUCTED BY DILIP BUILDCON LIMITED BHOPAL AND WATER RSOURCES DEPARTMENT RAJGARH, M.P. PAPER PRESENTATION BY ER. SANTOSH PATASKAR (PATWA JI)BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING
This document provides an overview of foundations for civil engineering structures. It defines foundations as the substructure below ground level that supports the superstructure above. Foundations distribute structural loads over a large area of soil to prevent excessive settlement. There are two main types of foundations: shallow foundations, which are less than the width in depth; and deep foundations, which extend deeper. Shallow foundations include isolated footings for columns and combined footings for groups of columns. Deep foundations include pile foundations, which transfer loads using friction or bearing on a hard stratum, and pier foundations. Piles can be made of concrete, steel, or timber and installed using methods like driving, jacking, or drilling.
FUTURE PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA
Haiku Deck is a presentation tool that allows users to create Haiku style slideshows. The tool encourages users to get started making their own Haiku Deck presentations which can be shared on SlideShare. In just a few sentences, it pitches the idea of using Haiku Deck to easily create visual presentations.
SANTOSH PATASKAR
This short document promotes creating Haiku Deck presentations on SlideShare and encourages the reader to get started making their own presentation. It suggests the reader may feel inspired to create a Haiku Deck presentation and provides a call to action to get started doing so on SlideShare.
TYPES OF FOUNDATION
Foundations are classified into different types based on the material used and the method of construction. The main types are shallow foundations, which include spread footing and combined footing foundations, and deep foundations, which include pile foundations, caisson foundations, and well foundations. Each foundation type has advantages and limitations depending on the soil type and load intensity of the structure.
TYPES OF FOUNDATION(PPT)
This document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It describes pad, strip, raft, and pile foundations. Pad foundations are suitable for most subsoil types and are usually constructed of reinforced concrete. Strip foundations are used for light structures on stable soil. Raft foundations spread loads over a large area for structures on low bearing soils. Pile foundations transmit loads to deeper soils using columns when suitable shallow foundations are not possible. The document also outlines functions of foundations and materials used, namely concrete composed of cement, aggregates, and water.
More from Er. SANTOSH PATASKAR (PATWA JI) (7)
Mohanpura dam project RAJGARH MP. INAUGRATED BY PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SHREE...
Mohanpura dam project RAJGARH MP. INAUGRATED BY PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA SHREE...
KUNDALIA DAM MAJOR PROJECT JIRAPUR (GRAVITY DAM & MULTIPURPOSE PROJECT ) PAPE...
KUNDALIA DAM MAJOR PROJECT JIRAPUR (GRAVITY DAM & MULTIPURPOSE PROJECT ) PAPE...
Recently uploaded
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
rock mass characterization and New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes
Unit-III-ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE DEVICES.ppt
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Modelagem de um CSTR com reação endotermica.pdf
Modelagem em função de transferencia. CSTR não-linear.
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology towards Sustainable Steelmaking
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
For International shipping and maritime laws all wood must contain the ISPM 15 Stamp. Here is how and why.
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting.pdf
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Recently uploaded (20)
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
New techniques for characterising damage in rock slopes.pdf
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
Iron and Steel Technology Roadmap - Towards more sustainable steelmaking.pdf
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
ISPM 15 Heat Treated Wood Stamps and why your shipping must have one
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODEL
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Tacheometry survey
- 1. Er SANTOSH PATASKAR • SURVEYING • TACHEOMETRY • Civil Engineer-Santosh Pataskar • (09098445611)
- 2. Tacheometer Anallatic lens: Additional convex lens is provided between the eye piece and the object glass at a fixed distance from the object glass. The purpose of providing anallatic lens is to make additive constant (f+d) exactly zero. Tacheometer is transit theodolite fitted with stadia diaphragm, and analltic lens
- 3. Tacheometry Anallatic lens is provided in external focusing telescope, not required in internal focusing telescope. Advantage it simplifies the calculation by making the additive constant ‘0’. Therefore, there is only one constant which is multiplying constant. Distances are directly calculated by multiplying the difference of stadia hair readings by 100. Disadvantage Brightness of the image is much reduced due to absorption of light.
- 4. Principle of tacheometry • The principle of techeometry is based on property of isoscales triangles, where the ratio of distance of the base from apex and length of the base is always constant. • D1/S1=D2/S2=D3/S3=f/I (multiplying constant) – F= focal length of object and – i= stadia intercept
- 5. Theory of stadia Tacheometery
- 7. STADIA METHOD • The stadia readings with horizontal sight on a vertical staff held 50 m from a tacheometer were 1.285 m and 1.780 m. the focal length of the object glass was 25 cm. the distance between the object glass and the vertical axis of the tacheometer was 15 cm. calculate the stadia interval.
- 8. Theory of anallatic lens Notation S = staff intercept CD1 O= Optical centre of object glass A= Optical centre of anallatic lens V= vertical axis of inst. P= Principal focus of the anallatic lens f1 and f2= conjugate focal lengths of the object glass f= focal length of object glass f’= focal length of the anallatic lens K= distance between object glass and anallatic lens d= distance between optical centre of object glass and vertical axis of instrument M=distance between optical centre of object glass and real image dc i= length of real image dc, when anallatic lens is provided I’= length of real image d3c3, when anallatic lens is not provided D= distance between vertical axis of instrument and the staff
- 9. • Home assignment (no need to submit): – How does the an anallactic lens work to reduce the additive constant to zero? – Illustrate the working of anallactic lens by a neat diagram and discuss the effect on constants using appropriate expression? – Derive the distance and elevation formulae for following cases of tachometry. • Inclined sight and staff vertical (for angle of elevation and depression both) • Inclined sight and staff normal (for angle of elevation and depression both)
- 10. SANTOSH PATASKAR • FUTURE PM OF INDIA • (09098445611) • pataskarsantosh@gmail.com