The document provides information on preparing for disasters through proper planning, supplies, and awareness. It emphasizes the importance of being informed about potential hazards, making an emergency plan and kit, and reviewing them regularly. During a disaster, it advises following emergency instructions and contacting authorities. After an event, one should use caution returning home and get first aid if needed. Overall, the document stresses the critical nature of disaster preparedness.

1. Preparing Yourself: Disaster
Survival
By
P.K.Nayak
General Manager
(Training & Coordination)
Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA)

2. Key Facts about Disasters
• Disaster Kills
• Disasters disrupt lives.
• Disasters can strike anywhere, anytime.
• Following a disaster, it may take time for help to arrive.
• Being prepared is the best strategy.

3. Disaster Preparedness is
Critical
• Unaware of hazards or how to prepare
• “It will never happen to me.”
• Fear
• Costs involved
• Procrastination

4. Why Should You
Be Prepared?
• Helps reduce Risk
• Reduces fear and anxiety
• Lessens losses that accompany disasters
• Emergency resources may be limited
• Helps you and those around you survive
• Helps respond quickly
• Helps avoid dangers, sometimes completely

5. Things you should know or find
out ?
• What kinds of disasters can happen here?
• What can we do to be ready?
• How does warn will come to us that a disaster is
coming?
• How will I know what to do?
• How will we know when to evacuate?

6. The Actual Needs for Survival
The Actual needs
the Rule of 3
Oxygen: Up to 3 minutes without oxygen or from severe
bleeding
Shelter: Up to 3 hours exposure to excess heat or
frigid cold
Water: Up to 3 days without water
Food: Up to 3 weeks without food
Up to 3 months: without Love, affection, family and friends

7. The Panic the Real KillerOnly about 3 seconds: in a panic induced emergency
The biggest killer in any emergency situation is panic.
• Panic is born from our fight-or-flight response.
• Panic is an uncontrolled urge to run or hurry from the situation.
• Panic is triggered by the mind and imagination under stress. It
results from fear of the unknown, lack of confidence, not
knowing what to do next, and a vivid imagination.
• Panic blinds a person to reason and can cause them to
compound the emergency with fatal results.

8. How do I control Panic ?
• Be Patient
• Stay Positive
• Know Yourself
• Be Realistic
• Training

9. • .

10. The Four Steps In Disaster Preparedness
STEP-I : Be Informed
• Types of disasters most likely to occur
• Know the local resources
• Get involved with the local resources
• Know your neighbor
• Assemble all the emergency contact numbers
• Collect information on local weather reports
• Obey and follow local official orders

11. Emergency Help Line( Toll free)
Police: 100
Fire: 101
Ambulance: 102
Emergency Medical Ambulance: 108
DEOC: 1077
SEOC: 1070
Railways Accidents: 1072
Road Accidents: 1073
Weather Information:
10001801717

12. The Four Steps In Disaster Preparedness
STEP- II : Make a Plan
• Escape routes (Fire Exit)
• Meeting places outside (Assembly Area)
• Everyone should know the escape routes and
meeting place.(Signage, Mock Drill)

13. The Four Steps In Disaster Preparedness
STEP- III : Make a Kit
At a minimum, your emergency supplies should include these
essential items.
i. Water for 2-3 days
ii. Food for 2-3 days (Chura, Chhatua, Mudhi, Gur etc.)
iii. First Aid Kit and Instructions
iv. Torch Light or Emergency lights (and extra batteries)
v. Radio (and extra batteries)
vi. Medications(prescription and non-prescription)
vii. Cash and important documents(small bills and coins,
birth certificates, tax returns, deeds, titles, insurance
papers, medical cards)
viii. Clothing
ix. Tools ( Pliers, Small saw, Axe, Plastic Rope, whistle)

14. The Four Steps In Disaster Preparedness
STEP-IV: Review the Plan & Maintain the Kit
• Discuss and walk through your plan once a year.
• Check the contents of your kits every six months,
• check expiry dates of stored food, water and
medications.

15. Tips for Coping Before, During and After a Disaster
Before A Disaster (Planning)
ASK:
Find out what Disasters have occurred where you are
living.
LEARN:
Don’t wait for a Disaster to learn what to do.
PLAN & PREPARE:
Disaster action plan based on the information and check
lists.

16. Tips for Coping Before, During and After a Disaster
During a disaster (Impact)
Protect
Yourself, your family, pets and property
Secure
dangerous or damageable items
Evacuate
by authority or voluntarily

17. Tips for Coping Before, During and After a Disaster• After a Disaster (Relief)
Caution
Secure the site and survey the damage.
Hazard
in the Disaster-affected area
Careful
While entering your house
Check
Food, Electical wires
Communicate
Near and Dear
Report
About the Damages

18. The Drowning Chain:-

19. Safety Advice:-
Learn the causes of water fatalities:
Inability to swim
Cold water
Alcohol
No personal Flotation Devices (PFDs)
Educate Family members about:
Water Dangers
Simple Safety procedure
Protective Equipment
Dangers of alcohol
Always:
Supervise Children
Enforce PFD use by non-swimmers
Register in a Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Class.

20. Never:
– dive in unknown water
– Swim during storm
Practice protection:
Use your pool to learn universal safety procedures
Practice before you need them
Learn Survival skills: Back float, HELP and Huddle
Organize your own rescue aids and first-aid equipment:
Reach pole
Ring Buoy
Throw line
Familiarize with PFDs
Observe and recognize drowning signs:
Mouth open
Head back
Arms movement
Bobbing
making no sound

21. List Telephone Numbers:
Rescue squad
Doctor
Hospital
Safety swim:
never swim alone
always know water depth
do not overestimate your swimming skills
Adequately mark water depth and hazards:
Be careful not to stand on an overhang bank
Check the depth and presence of any hazards
Fence your pool:
Secure and lock gates
Make sure of open tank, drain
Educate your family about dangers of alcohol and drugs around water.
Teach your family to swim.

22. FIRE PREVENTION TIPS
SMOKE ALARMS AND CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTORS
• Install smoke alarms.
• Test and clean smoke alarms once a month and replace batteries at least once a year. Replace smoke
alarms once every 10 years.
COOKING SAFETY
• Never leave cooking unattended.
• Always wear short or tight-fitting sleeves when you cook.
ESCAPING THE FIRE
• Have an escape plan. Review escape routes with your family.
• Teach family members to stay low to the floor, where the air is safer, when escaping from a fire.
• In high-rise, never lock fire exits or doorways, halls or stairways. Never prop stairway or other fire doors
open.
MATCHES/LIGHTERS AND SMOKING
• Keep matches/lighters away from children.
ELECTRICAL WIRING
• Inspect extension cords for frayed or exposed wires or loose plugs
• Do not overload extension cords or outlets.
ASK THE FIRE DEPARTMENT TO INSPECT YOUR HOME FOR FIRE SAFETY AND PREVENTION

23. DURING A FIRE
If your clothes catch on fire, you should:
• Stop, drop, and roll until the fire is extinguished.
DO NOT PANIC
• Do not assume someone else already called the fire department get out of the house then
call the Fire Department.
ESCAPE A FIRE
• Check closed doors with the back of your hand to feel for heat before you open them.
• If the door is hot do not open it. Find a second way out, such as a window. If you cannot
escape through a window, hang a white sheet outside the window to alert fire fighters to
your presence.
• Stuff the cracks around the door with towels, rags, bedding or tape and cover vents to
keep smoke out.
• If clear, leave immediately and close the door behind you. Be prepared to crawl.

24. AFTER A FIRE
• Once you are out of the building, STAY OUT! Do not go back inside for any
reason.
• If you are with a burn victim or are a burn victim yourself call 101, 102 or108
cool and cover your burns until emergency units arrive.
• Tell the fire department if you know of anyone trapped in the building.
• Only enter when the fire department tells you it is safe to do so.
FIRE SAFETY IS YOUR PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY…FIRE STOPS
WITH YOU

25. BEFORE EARTHQUAKE (Planning)
• Identify safe spots in each room of your home. Note sturdy tables, desks, and
interior walls.
• Know your danger spots: windows, mirrors, hanging objects, fireplaces, and tall,
unsecured furniture.
• Conduct practice drills with your family and know the safest locations in your
home.
• Learn First Aid and CPR and put together a First Aid Kit.
• Learn how to shut off gas, water and electricity; it may be necessary during an
earthquake.
• Keep breakables, heavy objects, and flammable or hazardous liquids such as
paints, pest sprays, and cleaning products in secured cabinets or on lower
shelves.

26. DURING EARTHQUAKE (Impact)
If indoors
• DROP to the ground; take COVER by getting under a sturdy table or other piece
of furniture; and HOLD ON until the shaking stops.
• Stay away from glass, windows, outside doors and walls, and anything that
could fall, such as lighting fixtures or furniture.
• Use a doorway for shelter only if it is in close proximity to you and if you know it
is a strongly supported, load-bearing doorway.
• Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
• DO NOT use the elevators.
If outdoors
• Stay there.
• Move away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires.
• Once in the open, stay there until the shaking stops.

27. AFTER EARTHQUAKE (Relief)
Be prepared for additional earth movements called
“aftershocks.”
• Because other after effects can include fires, chemical
spills, landslides, dam breaks, and tidal waves, be
sure to monitor your TV or battery-operated radio for
additional emergency information.
Injuries
• Check for injuries.
Checking Utilities
• An earthquake may break gas, electrical, and water
lines

28. BEFORE CYCLONE (Planning)
Make plans to secure your property.
• Be sure trees and shrubs around your facility are well
trimmed.
• Consider building a safe room.
• Integrate your community’s emergency plans, warning
signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency
shelters.
• Communicate emergency phone numbers to all members of
the community.
• Inform local authorities about any special needs, i.e.,
elderly or bedridden people, or anyone with a disability.

29. DURING CYCLONE (Impact)
• Listen to the radio or TV for information.
• Secure your building, close storm shutters, and
secure outdoor objects or bring them indoors.
• Turn off utilities if instructed to do so.
• Ensure a supply of water for sanitary purposes
such as cleaning and flushing toilets. Fill the tubs
and other large containers with water.
• You should evacuate If you are directed by local
authorities to do so.

30. AFTER CYCLONE (Relief)
• Listen to your radio and remain indoors until advised.
• If you are told to return to your home, do so using the
recommended routes only.
• Do not go sightseeing or driving through flood water.
• Check on your neighbours if necessary.
• Keep children away from flood water.
• Do not use electrical appliances which have been wet until
they are checked for safety.
• Boil or purify your water until supplies are declared safe.
• Stay away from damaged power lines, fallen trees and
flood water.

31. BEFORE FLOOD(Planning)
• Avoid building in a floodplain unless you elevate and
reinforce your home.
• Install "check valves" in sewer traps to prevent flood
water from backing up into the drains of your home.
• Construct barriers to stop floodwater from entering
the building.
• Seal walls in basements with waterproofing
compounds to avoid seepage.
• Flood terms - Familiarize yourself with these terms to
help identify a flood hazard.

32. DURING FLOOD (Impact)
• Listen to the radio or TV for information.
• Be aware that flash flooding can occur. If there is any possibility of a flash flood,
move immediately to higher ground. Do not wait for instructions to move.
• Be aware of streams, drainage channels, and other areas known to flood
suddenly.
• If you must prepare to evacuate, you should do the following:
– Move essential items to an upper floor.
– Turn off utilities.
– Do not walk through moving water.
– Do not drive into flooded areas.

33. AFTER FLOOD (Relief)
• Avoid floodwaters; water may be contaminated by oil, gasoline, or raw sewage.
Water may also be electrically charged from underground or downed power
lines.
• Avoid moving water.
• Be aware of areas where floodwaters have receded. Roads may have weakened
and could collapse under the weight of a car.
• Stay away from downed power lines, and report them to the power company.
• Return home only when authorities indicate it is safe.
• Stay out of any building if it is surrounded by floodwaters.
• Use extreme caution when entering buildings; there may be hidden damage,
particularly in foundations.
• Clean and disinfect everything that got wet. Mud left from floodwater can
contain sewage and chemicals.

34. BEFORE TSUNAMI (Planning)
• Be aware of tsunami facts. This knowledge could save your life! Share this
knowledge with your relatives and friends. It could save their lives!
• If you live in a coastal area, ask your council about your tsunami risk and local
warning arrangements.
• If you have a disability or special requirements, arrange with your support
network to alert you of any warnings and emergency broadcasts.
• Develop a Emergency Plan and have a Emergency Kit ready.
• Know where the nearest high ground is and how you will reach it. Plan to get as
high up or as far inland as you can. Plan your escape route for when you are at
home, as well as for when you may be working or holidaying near the coast.

35. DURING A TSUNAMI (Impact)
• Move immediately to the nearest higher ground, or as far inland as you can. If
evacuation maps are present, follow the routes shown.
• Walk or bike if possible and drive only if essential. If driving, keep going once you
are well outside the evacuation zone to allow room for others behind you.
• If you cannot escape the tsunami, go to an upper storey of a sturdy building or
climb onto a roof or up a tree, or grab a floating object and hang on until help
arrives.
• Boats are usually safer in water deeper than 100 metres than if they are on the
shore. Move boats out to sea only if there is time and it is safe to do so.
• Never go to the shore to watch for a tsunami. Stay away from at-risk areas until
the official all-clear is given.
• Listen to your local radio stations as emergency management officials will be
broadcasting the most appropriate advice for your community and situation.

36. AFTER A TSUNAMI (Relief)
• Continue to listen to the radio for civil defence advice
and do not return to the evacuation zones until
authorities have given the all-clear.
• Be aware that there may be more than one wave and
it may not be safe for up to 24 hours, or longer. The
waves that follow the first one may also be bigger.
• Check yourself for injuries and get first aid if needed.
Help others if you can.
• Do not go sightseeing.

37. BEFORE LIGHTNING (Planning)
• Postpone outdoor activities.
• Get inside a building or shelter.
• Secure outdoor objects that could blow away or cause damage.
• Shutter windows and secure outside doors. If shutters are not available, close
window blinds, shades, or curtains.
• Use a corded telephone only for emergencies. Cordless and cellular telephones
are safe to use.
• Unplug appliances and other electrical items, such as computers and turn off air
conditioners. Power surges from lightning can cause serious damage.
• Use your battery-operated Weather Radio for updates from local officials.
• stay on the bus during a thunderstorm. Children are safer on the bus than
outside of it.

38. AVOID THE FOLLOWING
• Natural lightning rods such as a tall, isolated tree
in an open area;
• Hilltops, open fields, the beach, or a boat on the
water;
• Isolated sheds or other small structures in open
areas; and
• Anything metal – farm equipment, motorcycles,
golf carts or clubs, and bicycles.

39. DURING LIGHTNING (Impact)
If indoors:
• Shutter windows securely and brace outside doors.
• Listen to a battery operated radio.
• Do not handle any electrical equipment or telephones because
lightning could follow the wire.
• Television sets are particularly dangerous at this time.
• Avoid bathtubs, metal pipes can transmit electricity.

40. DURING LIGHTNING (Impact)
If outdoors:
• Attempt to get into a building or car.
• If no structure is available, get to an open space an squat low to
the ground as quickly as possible. (If in the woods, find an area
protected by low clump of trees--never stand underneath a single
large tree in the open.)
• Avoid tall structures such as towers, tall trees, fences, telephone
lines, or power lines.
• Stay away from natural lightning rods such as golf clubs, tractors,
fishing rods, bicycles, or camping equipment.
• Stay away from rivers, lakes, or other bodies of water.
• Do not lie flat on the ground.

41. AFTER LIGHTNING (Relief)
• If the victim is burned, provide first aid and call emergency medical
assistance immediately.
• Look for burns where lightning entered and exited the body.
• If the strike causes the victim's heart and breathing to stop, give
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) until medical professionals
arrive and take over.

43. Contact Details: Mob: 94371 70179
Email: nayak.prasanta5@gmail.com