A surface acoustic wave (SAW) radio transponder uses surface acoustic waves to enable remote sensing capabilities. SAW transponders consist of interdigital transducers that convert electromagnetic signals into acoustic waves that propagate along the surface of a piezoelectric material. These waves are then reconverted into electromagnetic signals by the transducers. SAW transponders are passive, wireless, and maintenance-free, making them well-suited for applications like temperature sensing on power lines. One key application is in tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS), where the SAW device acts as a pressure sensor diaphragm to remotely measure tire pressure.
An instrument may be defined as a machine or system which is designed to maintain functional relationship between prescribed properties of physical variables & could include means of communication to human observer
This ppt includes different types of strain gauges which are used for pressure, temperature, force, acceleration etc measurement.
All types of strain gauges are included. Also temperature compensation is also explained.
Describes about the principle and working of a general SAW sensor, and also describes about the SAW based wireless microactuator for the biomedical applications
A thermal sensor plays an important role in many applications. For example, maintaining a specific temperature is essential for equipment used to fabricate medical drugs, heat liquids, or clean other equipment. For applications like these, the responsiveness and accuracy of the detection circuit can be critical for quality control.
In this presentation we described about Signal Filtering. If you have any query regarding signal filtering or this presentation then feel free to contact us at:
http://www.siliconmentor.com/
Radiation pyrometry and temperature sensorYasin Latif
We discuss the working principle and construction of different temperature sensors like
radiation pyrometer ,filled system thermometer and bimetallic thermometer.their advantages
disadvantages and industrial application etc.
This presentation presents an overview of fiber optic sensor technology ,basic classifications of optic sensors, the basic functions of optical fiber sensors and also discusses the two important fiber optic sensors , namely the Mach - Zehnder interferometric fiber sensor and the fiber optic gyroscope.
this is a slide based on proximity sensors, its types,and its application.
A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact.
A proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive proximity sensor or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target.[citation needed]
Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between the sensor and the sensed object.
Proximity sensors are also used in machine vibration monitoring to measure the variation in distance between a shaft and its support bearing. This is common in large steam turbines, compressors, and motors that use sleeve-type bearings.
Proximity sensors are commonly used on mobile devices. When the target is within nominal range, the device lock screen user interface will appear, thus emerging from what is known as sleep mode. Once the device has awoken from sleep mode, if the proximity sensor's target is still for an extended period of time, the sensor will then ignore it, and the device will eventually revert into sleep mode. For example, during a telephone call, proximity sensors play a role in detecting (and skipping) accidental touchscreen taps when mobiles are held to the ear.[1]
Proximity sensors can be used to recognise air gestures and hover-manipulations. An array of proximity sensing elements can replace vision-camera or depth camera based solutions for the hand gesture detection.
Why Use SAW Sensors and Tags?
- Frequency/time are measured with greatest accuracy compared to any other physical measurement (10-10 - 10-14).
- External stimuli affects device parameters (frequency, phase, amplitude, delay)
- Operate from cryogenic to >1000oC
- Ability to both measure a stimuli and to wirelessly, passively transmit information
- Frequency range ~10 MHz – 3 GHz
- Monolithic structure fabricated with current IC photolithography techniques, small, rugged
Massive MIMO (also known as “Large-Scale Antenna Systems”, “Very Large MIMO”, “Hyper MIMO”, “Full-Dimension MIMO” and “ARGOS”) makes a clean break with current practice through the use of a large excess of service-antennas over active terminals and time division duplex operation. Extra antennas help by focusing energy into ever-smaller regions of space to bring huge improvements in throughput and radiated energy efficiency. Other benefits of massive MIMO include the extensive use of inexpensive low-power components, reduced latency, simplification of the media access control (MAC) layer, and robustness to intentional jamming. The anticipated throughput depend on the propagation environment providing asymptotically orthogonal channels to the terminals, but so far experiments have not disclosed any limitations in this regard. While massive MIMO renders many traditional research problems irrelevant, it uncovers entirely new problems that urgently need attention: the challenge of making many low-cost low-precision components that work effectively together, acquisition and synchronization for newly-joined terminals, the exploitation of extra degrees of freedom provided by the excess of service-antennas, reducing internal power consumption to achieve total energy efficiency reductions, and finding new deployment scenarios.
LEAF DISEASE DETECTION USING IMAGE PROCESSING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (SVM)Journal For Research
in the study on leaf disease detection can be a helpful aspect in keeping an eye on huge area of fields of crops, but it’s important to detect the disease as early as possible. This paper gives a method to detect the disease caused to the leaf calculating the RGB and HSV values. Primarily the image is blurred in order reduce noise. Then the image is converted from RGB to HSV form, after this color thresholding is done. After thresholding foreground or background detection is performed. Background detection leads to feature extractions of the leaf. Then k-means algorithm is applied which can help to clot the clusters. The following system is a software based solution for detecting the disease with which the leaf is infected. In order to detect the disease some steps are to be followed using image processing and support vector machine. Improving the quality and production of agricultural products detection of the leaf disease can be useful.
An instrument may be defined as a machine or system which is designed to maintain functional relationship between prescribed properties of physical variables & could include means of communication to human observer
This ppt includes different types of strain gauges which are used for pressure, temperature, force, acceleration etc measurement.
All types of strain gauges are included. Also temperature compensation is also explained.
Describes about the principle and working of a general SAW sensor, and also describes about the SAW based wireless microactuator for the biomedical applications
A thermal sensor plays an important role in many applications. For example, maintaining a specific temperature is essential for equipment used to fabricate medical drugs, heat liquids, or clean other equipment. For applications like these, the responsiveness and accuracy of the detection circuit can be critical for quality control.
In this presentation we described about Signal Filtering. If you have any query regarding signal filtering or this presentation then feel free to contact us at:
http://www.siliconmentor.com/
Radiation pyrometry and temperature sensorYasin Latif
We discuss the working principle and construction of different temperature sensors like
radiation pyrometer ,filled system thermometer and bimetallic thermometer.their advantages
disadvantages and industrial application etc.
This presentation presents an overview of fiber optic sensor technology ,basic classifications of optic sensors, the basic functions of optical fiber sensors and also discusses the two important fiber optic sensors , namely the Mach - Zehnder interferometric fiber sensor and the fiber optic gyroscope.
this is a slide based on proximity sensors, its types,and its application.
A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact.
A proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive proximity sensor or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target.[citation needed]
Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between the sensor and the sensed object.
Proximity sensors are also used in machine vibration monitoring to measure the variation in distance between a shaft and its support bearing. This is common in large steam turbines, compressors, and motors that use sleeve-type bearings.
Proximity sensors are commonly used on mobile devices. When the target is within nominal range, the device lock screen user interface will appear, thus emerging from what is known as sleep mode. Once the device has awoken from sleep mode, if the proximity sensor's target is still for an extended period of time, the sensor will then ignore it, and the device will eventually revert into sleep mode. For example, during a telephone call, proximity sensors play a role in detecting (and skipping) accidental touchscreen taps when mobiles are held to the ear.[1]
Proximity sensors can be used to recognise air gestures and hover-manipulations. An array of proximity sensing elements can replace vision-camera or depth camera based solutions for the hand gesture detection.
Why Use SAW Sensors and Tags?
- Frequency/time are measured with greatest accuracy compared to any other physical measurement (10-10 - 10-14).
- External stimuli affects device parameters (frequency, phase, amplitude, delay)
- Operate from cryogenic to >1000oC
- Ability to both measure a stimuli and to wirelessly, passively transmit information
- Frequency range ~10 MHz – 3 GHz
- Monolithic structure fabricated with current IC photolithography techniques, small, rugged
Massive MIMO (also known as “Large-Scale Antenna Systems”, “Very Large MIMO”, “Hyper MIMO”, “Full-Dimension MIMO” and “ARGOS”) makes a clean break with current practice through the use of a large excess of service-antennas over active terminals and time division duplex operation. Extra antennas help by focusing energy into ever-smaller regions of space to bring huge improvements in throughput and radiated energy efficiency. Other benefits of massive MIMO include the extensive use of inexpensive low-power components, reduced latency, simplification of the media access control (MAC) layer, and robustness to intentional jamming. The anticipated throughput depend on the propagation environment providing asymptotically orthogonal channels to the terminals, but so far experiments have not disclosed any limitations in this regard. While massive MIMO renders many traditional research problems irrelevant, it uncovers entirely new problems that urgently need attention: the challenge of making many low-cost low-precision components that work effectively together, acquisition and synchronization for newly-joined terminals, the exploitation of extra degrees of freedom provided by the excess of service-antennas, reducing internal power consumption to achieve total energy efficiency reductions, and finding new deployment scenarios.
LEAF DISEASE DETECTION USING IMAGE PROCESSING AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (SVM)Journal For Research
in the study on leaf disease detection can be a helpful aspect in keeping an eye on huge area of fields of crops, but it’s important to detect the disease as early as possible. This paper gives a method to detect the disease caused to the leaf calculating the RGB and HSV values. Primarily the image is blurred in order reduce noise. Then the image is converted from RGB to HSV form, after this color thresholding is done. After thresholding foreground or background detection is performed. Background detection leads to feature extractions of the leaf. Then k-means algorithm is applied which can help to clot the clusters. The following system is a software based solution for detecting the disease with which the leaf is infected. In order to detect the disease some steps are to be followed using image processing and support vector machine. Improving the quality and production of agricultural products detection of the leaf disease can be useful.
UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC MODEM FOR SHORT –RANGE SENSOR NETWORKS ijiert bestjournal
There is a growing interest in using underwater netwo rked systems for oceanographic applications. These networks often rely on acoustic communication,which poses a number of challenges for reliable data transmission. Commercial underwater modem that do exist were design for sparse,long range application ra ther than for small dense,sensor nets. This paper gives the design consideration,implementation details and challenges in design consideration.
Plc based Robotic Arm and Automated Different Size Bottle Filling SystemRehan Fazal
Well this was going to be our final year project but it got rejected after being accepted by panel members in zeroth review by our HOD mam.
If u want to do this project or use the idea of this project seriously after getting all your formalities done, you can contact me. I will help you in getting all your IEEE papers and relevant papers to this project.
The reason behind sharing this is that I spend my whole one semester for studying theory part of it, and i was unable to do this but i really want someone to do this project.
This PPT is based upon my training in Yokogawa Chennai.
Reference:
# Yokogawa Hand Book on CS 3000
# http://www.slideshare.net/bvent2005/dcs-presentation
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Enhancing Performance with Globus and the Science DMZGlobus
ESnet has led the way in helping national facilities—and many other institutions in the research community—configure Science DMZs and troubleshoot network issues to maximize data transfer performance. In this talk we will present a summary of approaches and tips for getting the most out of your network infrastructure using Globus Connect Server.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Welcome to the first live UiPath Community Day Dubai! Join us for this unique occasion to meet our local and global UiPath Community and leaders. You will get a full view of the MEA region's automation landscape and the AI Powered automation technology capabilities of UiPath. Also, hosted by our local partners Marc Ellis, you will enjoy a half-day packed with industry insights and automation peers networking.
📕 Curious on our agenda? Wait no more!
10:00 Welcome note - UiPath Community in Dubai
Lovely Sinha, UiPath Community Chapter Leader, UiPath MVPx3, Hyper-automation Consultant, First Abu Dhabi Bank
10:20 A UiPath cross-region MEA overview
Ashraf El Zarka, VP and Managing Director MEA, UiPath
10:35: Customer Success Journey
Deepthi Deepak, Head of Intelligent Automation CoE, First Abu Dhabi Bank
11:15 The UiPath approach to GenAI with our three principles: improve accuracy, supercharge productivity, and automate more
Boris Krumrey, Global VP, Automation Innovation, UiPath
12:15 To discover how Marc Ellis leverages tech-driven solutions in recruitment and managed services.
Brendan Lingam, Director of Sales and Business Development, Marc Ellis
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
The Metaverse and AI: how can decision-makers harness the Metaverse for their...Jen Stirrup
The Metaverse is popularized in science fiction, and now it is becoming closer to being a part of our daily lives through the use of social media and shopping companies. How can businesses survive in a world where Artificial Intelligence is becoming the present as well as the future of technology, and how does the Metaverse fit into business strategy when futurist ideas are developing into reality at accelerated rates? How do we do this when our data isn't up to scratch? How can we move towards success with our data so we are set up for the Metaverse when it arrives?
How can you help your company evolve, adapt, and succeed using Artificial Intelligence and the Metaverse to stay ahead of the competition? What are the potential issues, complications, and benefits that these technologies could bring to us and our organizations? In this session, Jen Stirrup will explain how to start thinking about these technologies as an organisation.
2. WHAT IS A TRANSPONDER ?
A communications satellite's transponder, is the series of
interconnected units which form a communications channel between
the receiving and the transmitting antennas. It is mainly used in
satellite communication to transfer the received signals.
In air navigation or radio frequency identification, a transponder is a
device that emits an identifying signal in response to an interrogating
received signal.
In optical fibre communications, a transponder is the element that
sends and receives the optical signal from a fibre. A transponder is
typically characterized by its data rate and the maximum distance
the signal can travel.
3. WHAT IS SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE ?
A surface acoustic wave (SAW)
is an acoustic wave traveling
along the surface of a material
exhibiting elasticity, with
an amplitude that typically
decays exponentially with depth
into the substrate.
SAWs were first explained in
1885 by Lord Rayleigh.
Rayleigh waves are a type
of surface acoustic wave that
travel on solids. They can be
produced in materials in
many ways, such as by a
localized impact or by piezoelectric transduction, and are
frequently used in nondestructive testing for
detecting defects. They are
part of the seismic waves that
are produced on
the Earth by earthquakes.
When guided in layers they
are referred to as Lamb
waves, Rayleigh–Lamb
waves, or generalized
Rayleigh waves.
Experimental image of surface
acoustic waves on a crystal of
Tellurium Oxide
4. WHAT IS A SAW TRANSPONDER ?
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) radio transponders
make it possible to read identification codes or
measurement values from a remote location. A
sensor system based on surface acoustic waves
(SAW) consists of a reader with transmitting and
receiving antenna(s), a SAW transponder that
may for example be designed as a reflective delay
line and a transponder antenna. The measurement
signals are contained in the SAW transponder’s
high-frequency response signal, which the reader
records and evaluates. Depending on the design
of the piezoelectric crystal in the SAW
transponder, its natural sensitivity for example to
temperature can be utilised.
5. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are
based upon the piezoelectric effect and on the
surface related dispersion of elastic (= acoustic)
waves at low speed. If an (ionic) crystal is
elastically deformed in a certain direction,
surface charges occur, giving rise to electrical
voltages in the crystal (application: piezo
lighter). Conversely, the application of a
surface charge to a crystal leads to an elastic
deformation in the crystal grid (application:
piezo buzzer). Surface acoustic wave devices
are operated at microwave frequencies,
normally in the ISM range 2.45 GHz.
Schematic drawing of a wireless transponder system
based on a passive SAW transponder.
7. WORKING
SAW sensors can be built with a SAW delay line element connected
to an antenna. The SAW delay line consists of a substrate, an interdigital transducer (IDT), and a reflector.
1. The transceiver sends RF interrogation signal which is received by
the antenna of the SAW sensor.
2. The IDT which is connected to the antenna, transforms the
received signal which is an electrical RF voltage applied between
the two opposing electrode combs into a SAW.
3. The SAW propagates on the piezoelectric crystal and is partially
reflected by reflectors placed in the acoustic path.
4. The reflected waves are reconverted into an electromagnetic
pulse train by the IDT and are retransmitted to the radar unit.
8. 5. The high frequency electromagnetic signal is amplified and down
converted to the baseband frequency in the RF module of the radar
unit.
6. Then the sensor signals are analysed with a digital signal processor.
7. Finally the measurement results can be transferred to a personal
computer for post processing and data storage.
9. SAW PRESSURE SENSOR OPERATION :
The SAW propagates on a quartz diaphragm, bending under hydrostatic pressure. To
bend the diaphragm in a defined manner, there has to be a constant referencepressure at the other side of the diaphragm. This is realized by a hermetically closed
cavity with the reference pressure inside. Therefore with a sand-blast unit a blind-hole
was structured into a quartz cover plate, which is of the same substrate material as the
diaphragm. A monolithically packaged SAW radio transponder and pressure sensor
are developed for the application to a TPMS. The device contains the wireless
transponder, which converts analog signal into digital one without any auxiliary
electronic circuits and transmits the converted data wirelessly. The realization of the
mechanical A/D conversion is possible since the SAW radio transponder is connected
to the touch-mode capacitive pressure sensor.
10. TIRE-PRESSURE MONITORING
SYSTEM
A tire pressure monitoring
system (TPMS) is
an electronic system designed to
monitor the air pressure inside
the pneumatic tires on various types
of vehicles. TPMS report real-time
tire-pressure information to the
driver of the vehicle, either via a
gauge, a pictogram display, or a
simple low-pressure warning light.
TPMS can be divided into two
different types — direct
(dTPMS) and indirect (iTPMS)
Targets
Avoiding traffic accidents due to
under-inflated tires by early
recognition of the malfunction of
tires
Reducing rolling resistance thus
increasing overall fuel efficiency
11. IT’S
SENSOR
USES
THE
SAW
DEVICE
AS
A
DIAPHRAGM
BETWEEN
THE
SIDE
OF
THE
SENSOR
SUBJECTED TO TIRE PRESSURE AND A SEALED REFERENCE CHAMBER. THE ENERGY NEEDED IS PROVIDED
FROM
THE
TEMPERATURE
SIGNAL
OF
THE
COMPENSATED
RECEIVER
PRESSURE
COMPONENT.
MEASUREMENT
THE
FROM
TRIPLE
A
SAW
SINGLE
PRESSURE
QUARTZ
SIMPLE BENDING MODE. FIGURE BELOW SHOWS HOW THE SAW SENSOR IS USED IN TPMS.
DIE
DEVICE
PROVIDES
OPERATING
IN
A
12. APPLICATIONS
Temperature measurement on high-voltage In metal working SAW sensors are used for
power lines is important additional information for
example to measure temperature in
optimum capacity utilisation of the grid. In this
refractory components. The measurements
case SAW sensors are mounted on the electricity
lines. The special benefit of SAW sensors in this
enable conclusions to be drawn regarding
application is that they operate completely
the state of the components, thus
passively and do not therefore require any
contributing to safety and reliability.
maintenance (e.g. battery replacement).
SAW sensors are also used to monitor the rotor They also can be used for contactless
temperature in high-speed electric motors. The
measurements in high vacuum process
sensor itself is located at the point of interest inside
chambers,
under
concrete,
extreme
the rotor and is connected to the antenna on the
front of the rotor. The reader is housed in the
heat, or strong radioactive radiation, where
stator.
the use of conventional sensors is
Torque Sensors.
complicated, dangerous, or expensive.
Current Sensors.
TPMS
Fixed Coded SAW ID Tags.
13. ADVANTAGES
The decisive advantage of these SAW transponders lies in their passive operation
(i.e. no power-supply).
The possibility of wireless installation at particularly inaccessible locations.
The passive SAW transponders are maintenance free.
SAW radio transponders are advantageously placed on moving or rotating parts and
in hazardous environments such as contaminated or high voltage areas.
They can also be used for contactless measurements in high vacuum process
chambers, under concrete, extreme heat, or strong radioactive radiation, where the
use of conventional sensors is complicated, dangerous, or expensive.
High performance.
Small size.
Exact reproducibility.
14. REFERENCES
IEEE paper on ―Theory and application of passive SAW radio transponders
as sensors”.
Wikipedia.
www.gorferay.com
http://www.ctr.at/en/r-d-technologies/wireless-sensors/temperaturesensors.html