This document summarizes a student project to control a stepper motor through wireless transmission. The project uses a microcontroller to send step pulses to a driver circuit connected to a stepper motor. Commands can be sent from a computer serial port or wireless interface to control the motor speed displayed on an LCD screen. The system aims to provide precise digital control of the stepper motor position through simple wireless operation.

1. STEPPER MOTOR CONTROL THROUGH WIRELESS Submitted by (RAVI KUMAR,ASHWANI GARG,VINOD KUMAR,MANOJ GOSWAMI.VIBHOOTI KUMAR SINHA) FOURTH YEAR ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION Guided by Mr. Aman dua , Mrs. Shiva Jaiswal LECTURER (ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATION ) COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ROORKEE ROORKEE – 247 667

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We express our deepest thanks to Mr. AMAN DUA Project Guide Lecturer Ms.DIVYA ARORA Project Coordinator , Lecturer Mr. B D PATEL Head of Electronics & Telecom Dept College of Engineering Roorkee ,Roorkee

3. OUR PROJECT OBJECTIVE-:To control stepper motor by computer interface as well as by wireless INTRODUCTION-:Project is based on 1)microcontroller programming 2)driver circuit interface with micro-controller 3)interfacing of keyboard 4) interfacing of wireless control 5)LCD deployment to watch change in speed

4. stepper motor performance characteristic Rotation in both directions Precision angular incremental changes Repetition of accurate motion A holding torque at zero speed Capability for digital control.

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT USER INTERFACE INDEXER DRIVER MOTOR HIGH LEVEL COMMANDS STEP PULSES MOTOR CURRENT

6. Specification of the project model Indexer is a micro-controller(AT89C51 ) Driver (ULN2803A ) converts the indexer command signals into the power necessary to energize the motor windings Step Motor(UNIPOLAR) is an electromagnetic device that converts digital pulses into mechanical shaft rotation Computer Interfacing (serial port) LCD

7. STEPPER MOTOR Brushless Synchronous electric motor divide a full rotation into a large number of steps stepper motor uses an open loop with no feedback, position being determined by a software counter in the controlling computer. Rotation in both directions

8. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF STEPPER MOTOR F=i (dl x B) ROTOR (permanent magnet) TEETH (to define precise rotation STATOR (carry coil for current Flow)

9. How stepper motor works? Stepper motor converts electrical pulses into specific rotational movements Hence ,Torque is generated by alternately magnetizing the stator teeth electrically, and permanent magnet rotor teeth try to align up with stator teeth

10. One Phase Steps

12. One Phase On Mode (Full Step mode)

13. One Phase On Steps Sequence

14. MICROCONTROLLER Special purpose computers Dedicated to one task (i.e. no multi tasking) Low-power device. It has a dedicated input device. In our project we are using AT89C51 MICROCONTROLLER

15. AT89C51 MICROCONTROLLER CMOS 8-bit. 4K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). “ AT” represents Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology. Power consumption of 50 mW Compatible with MCS-51 instruction set Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 24 MHz Continued..

16. Continued.. 128 x 8-Bit Internal RAM Two 16-Bit Timer/Counters Six Interrupt Sources 32 Programmable I/O Lines

17. ULN 2803 DRIVER suited for interfacing between low-level logic circuitry and multiple peripheral power loads USER INTERFACE INDEXER DRIVER MOTOR HIGH LEVEL COMMANDS STEP PULSES MOTOR CURRENT

18. Internal architecture of ULN2803 Seven open collector darlington pairs with common emitters . 500mA to each of the seven drivers , Output voltage to 95 V . power loads totaling over 230 W we can connect to it. Each channel rated at 500mAand can withstand peak currents of 600mA(i.e. it is highly reliable) TTL, DTL, PMOS or CMOS-Compatible Inputs

19. REGULATOR LM78XX available in the TO-220/D-PAK package fixed output voltages thermal shut down and safe operating area protection Output Current up to 1A Output Voltages of 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 18, 24V Short Circuit Protection

20. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY Hitachi's HD44780 It has 1 controller with14 Pins configurations of 8x1 characters, 16x2, and 20x4 . The largest such configuration is 40x4 characters.we are using 8x1 LCD

21. IC CD40106 HEX Schmitt Trigger (NOT Gate) Features Wide supply voltage range:3V to 15V High noise immunity: 0.7VDD Low power TTL compatibility Hysteresis 0.4VDD & 0.2VDD guaranteed Hysteresis 0.4VDD & 0.2VDD guaranteed 9 7 - 8 + 14

22. COMPUTER INTERFACING We can connect our project to serial port of computer and can control the speed of it using keyboard. Serial ports are typically identified on IBM compatible computers as COM ports It folllows synchronous data link standard(RS 232) serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at one time

23. SERIAL Vs PARALLEL COMM.

24. TRANSCEIVER transceiver is a device that has both a transmitter and a receiver An electronic switch allows the transmitter and receiver to be connected to the same antenna. it is impossible to receive signals while transmitting (called half duplex comm. ) Some transceivers are designed to allow reception of signals during transmission periods (called full duplex comm.) contd..

25. contd.. A logic 0 is represented voltage +3V to +15VDC and a logic 1 is represented by -3VDC to -15VDC. 250kbps Operation Low Power: 60mW RS232 Compatible High Impedance State When Off or Powered Down

26. This PROJECT can be used perfectly in many areas. This device is easy to implement in hardware and software means. This circuit is cost effective, consume less power and take minimum space. CONCLUSION

27. Block diagram of transmitter section Antenna 27MHz AMPLIFIER MODULATOR ENCODER IC INPUT KEY CARRIER WAVE GENERATOR

28. Block diagram of receiver section CLOCK GENERATOR CONTROL LOGIC DECODER RECEIVER STEPPER MOTOR DRIVER LCD 12 V SUPPLY

29. PROJECT COMPONENTS MICRO CONTROLLER AT89C51 TRANCEIVER MAX 232 N ULN2803A DRIVER REGULATOR LM7805 STEPPER MOTOR POTENTIOMETER TRANSFORMER CLOCK GENERATOR CD40106 LCD HD44780

30. FUTURE OF OUR PROJECT Places where we need precise position to be displaced E.g.: 1)Machine tools 2)Disk drives (Hard disk, Floppy Drive) 3)Printers 4)Robotics

31. THE END THANKS YOU ALL